POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Yudan Yi,Qijun Li,Qingyong Sun,Ya-nan Wang,Bi Shi
The manufacture of metal-free leather is considered to be favorable for environment compared to conventional technology of chrome tanning. However, metal-free leather crust presents some disadvantages for further processing, like low isoelectric point (pI) and high hydrophilicity . Applying cationic amphiphilic polymer retanning agent is expected to overcome the disadvantages. The aggregation behavior of this polymer, which is influenced by its charged nature, will greatly affect the leather properties. However, the structure-function relationship has not been clarified yet. Here we synthesized a series of cationic amphiphilic acrylic polymers , Poly(SMA- co -DMA)s (PSDs), with increasing protonation degrees (PSD-40 %, PSD-60 %, PSD-80 %, PSD-100 %) and applied them to metal-free leather retanning. Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations show that PSD with higher protonation degree exhibits smaller aggregate size and better dispersion in water. PSD retanning significantly promotes the uptake of anionic fatliquors by leather (>90 %) because PSD enhances the pI of leather. PSD-40 % cannot be uniformly dispersed in water. PSD-60 %, PSD-80 % and PSD-100 % possess suitable particle size (45–90 nm) to penetrate into leather fibrils and form hydrophobic films, thereby greatly improving the hydrophobicity of leather. The hydrophobicity of leather increases with decreased protonation degree of PSD. Moreover, the fiber dispersion and organoleptic properties of leather are positively correlated with leather hydrophobicity because of the separating and lubricating effects of the amphiphilic PSD.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
皮革加工
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Coatings
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·494
·
IF 2.436
Jiajia Chang,Xiaoqing Wang,Jian Shao,Xiaomeng Li,Wei Xin,Yunjun Luo
A series of self-matting waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) were successfully prepared by introducing hydrophilic units into both soft and hard segments. By employing a polycaprolactone polyol containing carboxylate groups within the polymer chains to provide hydrophilicity directly, the matting performance of WPU films was greatly improved. The chemical structures of the WPU resins were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, and the morphology of WPU films was observed by SEM. The parameters of WPU preparation were investigated in detail. It was found that the surface gloss of WPU films as well as the particle sizes of WPU dispersions were closely associated with the content of hydrophilic units. As the content of carboxylates or sulfonates increased, the particle sizes of WPU decreased, while the gloss increased gradually. When the particle sizes of dispersions were greater than 3 μm, the gloss of WPU films coated on a leather surface was lower than 1. The results of TG showed that, the initial decomposition temperatures of WPU films were higher than 280 °C, which indicated these films also had good thermal stability. The prepared self-matting WPU coatings would have potential application prospects in the field of leather finishing.Keywords:self-matting;waterborne polyurethane;leather finishing
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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涂料技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Hao Liu,Shiyang Yan,Wei Wang,Xin Shi,Luming Yang,Haibin Gu
Electronic skin (e-skin), an emerging class of flexible integrated electronic devices, is designed to replicate the multifaceted functionalities of human skin, playing a critical role in the realms of wearable technology and healthcare monitoring. Despite their potential, the existing e-skins often fall short in achieving the robust mechanical strength, multifunctionality, and biocompatibility necessary for real applications. Durability and aesthetic appeal are also highly valued. This study introduced an innovative, ultratough, multifunctional transparent leather-based e-skin that can address these challenges. By employing the natural microstructure of tanned goatskin as a substrate, this work created this e-skin with an interpenetrating network structure containing a cross-linked copolymer of acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) and integrated a variety of functional fillers, including Zr-CQDs (zirconium-doped carbon quantum dots) for conductivity, curcumin for antibacterial properties, and the eutectic solvent comprised of ethylene glycol and choline dihydrogen citrate for antifreezing and moisturizing capabilities. This e-skin exhibited remarkable mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 11.92 MPa and exceptional toughness of 5.26 MJ/m3, alongside 70% light transmission, showcasing its transparency. Its multimodal sensing capabilities enabled precise monitoring of diverse environmental stimuli, including strain, temperature, humidity, and bioelectrical signals, representing a significant advancement in wearable sensor technology. This work not only breathes new life into traditional leather materials for contemporary applications but also paves the way for sustainable and functional e-skin innovations, pushing the boundaries of wearable technology.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
·
可穿戴技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
E-POLYMERS
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2022
·Vol. 22
·期 1
·544-552
·
IF 3.074
Sheng Ding,Jinxing Zhu,Saiqi Tian
Polyurethane-based retanning agents with antimicrobial properties were synthesized by the chemical incorporation of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) units into polyurethane chains. The chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Then, the retanning agents were applied in the leather retanning process. Owing to the conjugation of CPFX into polyurethane chains, the molecular weight increases, further leading to the decrease in hydroxyl value and increase in particle size. The shrinkage temperature was improved after retanning. Owing to the filling of retanning agents in the gap of collagen fibers, the average thickness of leather increased by 65.8%. The mechanical properties of leather were visibly improved because of the large number of –COOH coordinate with Cr 3+ and more hydrogen crosslinking with carboxyl group, amino group, and hydroxyl group of leather collagen. Furthermore, leather retanned by these polyurethane-based retanning agents presented good antimicrobial properties. The antibacterial activity could be conserved above 89% even after rinsing for ten times.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2018
·
IF 4.439
Jun Xiang,Li Ma,Hui Su,Junjie Xiong,Kaijun Li,Qiongfen Xia,Gongyan Liu
Due to the breathable and soft nature, leather has been selected as flexible material to produce comfortable shoes. However, due to the intimate contact between leather surface and foot skin, bacteria growth and rapid colonization on leather surface can lead to biofilm formation which will bring potential risk of foot infection. Especially for those patients with diabetic foot, such foot infection can be life threatening. In this work, a composite coating was facilely fabricated onto leather surface via the layer-by-layer assembly of positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged gallic acid modified silver nanoparticles (GA@AgNPs), with subsequent immobilization on leather by chemical cross-linking. Such cross-linked CS/GA@AgNPs coated leather exhibited efficiently antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) through a “kill-release” strategy, which was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of contact-killing of CS layer, Ag + ions release and bacterial repelling of anionic GA@AgNPs layer. Furthermore, the stability of the composite coating on leather surface was investigated, and the results revealed that the cross-linking could enhance the durably antibacterial activities of leather against laundering and mechanical abrasion. Therefore, based on the efficiently and durably antibacterial properties, such cross-linked CS/GA@AgNPs layers coated leather is a promising candidate for producing leather shoes for diabetic patients.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2022
·
IF 11.889
Qinyang Li,Yuling Tang,Bo Zhou,Jianfei Zhou,Bi Shi
In this work, a low-cost carbon-based catalyst (TSBC) was prepared by the facile one-pot pyrolysis of tannery sludge (TS) and used to activate persulfate (PS) for tetracycline (TC) removal. The results showed that TSBC-500 exhibited optimal physicochemical properties and the best performance for PS activation to remove TC from drinking water. Approximately 99.1% of TC was removed in the TSBC-500/PS system, which was considerably higher than those in the TSBC-500 adsorption and pure PS systems. Radical quenching experiments indicated that •OH and SO 4 • - played major roles in the TC removal in the TSBC-500/PS system. In addition, transition metals, functional groups, and the high degree of carbon structural defects were beneficial for PS activation to degrade TC. This study not only newly contributes to high-value utilization of TS as a PS activator but also offers an efficient method for the removal of organic pollutants.
研究领域:
环境科学
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污染控制
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资源循环利用
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Collagen and Leather
·
2025
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 9.2
Li Ruibin,Yang Chen,Liu Yuanqing,Yu Yue
Fatliquor migration within the leather matrix may lead to the formation of fatty spew, oil patches and fogging, posing challenges to the production of high-quality leather. Currently, it lacks a straightforward and effective method for analyzing fatliquor migration behavior. This investigation introduces a novel approach for analyzing fatliquor migration by measuring its spreading area on collagen fiber membranes. By applying 300 mg of fatliquor onto 0.5 mm square membranes (10 cm × 10 cm), distinct oil spots were observed, enabling analysis of migration behavior. Using stearic acid as a standard reference compound effectively minimized the influence of different leather sections on fatliquor migration. Fatliquors with low molecular weight, low melting point and high aliphatic ester content exhibited obvious migration potential. Organic-tanned leathers and sulfated fatliquors displayed weak interactions, resulting in easy fatliquor migration within the leather. Conversely, metal-tanned leathers and phosphorylated fatliquors demonstrated strong interactions, effectively hindering migration. This research provides valuable practical and theoretical insights for developing effective strategies to prevent and control fatliquor migration in leather production. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
皮革化学
·
材料科学
·
分析方法
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Jingyuan Hu,Yaqun Han,Xin Sun,Wenbo Wu,Jiaming Huyan,Suli Wu
Fabricating large-area, crack-free colloid photonic crystals (PCs) with highly saturated and robust structural color is essential for their practical applications, such as in the fields of aesthetic decoration, color printing, and textile coloring. However, due to the inhomogeneity of evaporation-induced assembly processes, the fabrication of structure-controllable and large-area PCs with rare defects remains a significant challenge. Here, a large-area, crack-free photonic crystal coating was prepared using a finely controlled doctor-blade-assisted assembly method on a pre-wetted porous leather substrate. The mixture of polymethyl methacrylate spheres suspension (12.5 wt%) and polyacrylate nano-binders was used as prepared without post-treatment. Pre-wetting the porous leather can increase fluid flow in the liquid film and effectively counteract the outward capillary force during the evaporation-induced self-assembly process, thereby reducing the cracks in the PC. Moreover, incorporating polyacrylate nano-binders improves structure stability and further prevents crack formation in the PC coating on leather. The structural colors’ richness can be tuned by varying the particle size, enabling coverage across the entire visible light spectrum. More importantly, applying a waterborne polyurethane encapsulation layer significantly enhances the mechanical and chemical stability of the colorful, enabling it to withstand over 100 cycles of friction, bending, and acid-base soaking without damage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 138
·期 46
·51382
·
IF 3.125
Longfang Ren,Congcong Lin,Pingchuan Lei
A series of waterborne polyurethane (PDMAPU) containing catechol group were prepared by double-bond random copolymerization of terminated double bond polyurethane prepolymer with modified acrylamido dopamine under thermal initiation. This kind of mussel-like waterborne polyurethane adhesive is inspired by marine mussel, as well as it is environment-friendly and used in bonding of leather. FTIR and 1 H NMR proved the successful introduction of catechol group into polyurethane matrix. Oxidative cross-linking between catechol unit and molecular chain in PDMAPU structure, the thermal stability and crystallization ability of PDMAPU was significantly improved. The increase of the particle size of PDMAPU emulsion showed that the introduction of catechol group changed the microstructure of polyurethane and enhanced the cross-linking degree. The water resistance of polyurethane emulsion was further improved. Compared with PU without catechol group, the peel strength of leather substrate adhered by PDMAPU emulsion increased from 0.42 to 1.93 MPa, which indicated that PDMAPU has better bonding properties with leather. The bidentate hydrogen bond formed with catechol group as the reaction sites is considered to be the key reason for the adhesion of mussel-like polyurethane adhesive to hydrophilic substrates. This work provides an alternative to prepare environment-friendly high performance adhesive for hydrophilic substrates.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
生物仿生学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Hui Liu,Zhenhua Yin,Mengya Li,Cuiyun Liu,Muhammad Amir Ali,Jie Liu,Jianming Sun,Keyong Tang,Xinchang Pang
A reproducible dispase produced by Bacillus subtilis was employed in a one-bath strategy, to efficiently replace the conventional lime/alkali system that typically involves multiple pollution and cumbersome operations in the beamhouse. The components and contents of the dispase were identified and examined through ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). A comparative study was conducted to assess the effects of the one-bath strategy on dehairing and splitting collagen fibers, as well as its impact on the physical and thermal properties and aggregate structure of crust leather. The results indicated that dispase is a complex enzyme, primarily consisting of neutral metalloproteinase (A7UAM1 and A0A7U5AW19, 34.16 %), alpha-amylase (A7DWA9, H9BPX5, and O82953, 27.35 %), peptidase (A0A7U4I0I3 and A0A7U5AV24, 3.99 %), protease (M5AKX0, 2.32 %), 2’ 3’-cyclic nucleotide 2’-phosphodiesterase (A0A7U5CN75, 2.84 %), endoglucanase (H6WUK0, 0.78 %), and others (28.56 %). Compared to the conventional lime/alkali system, the efficiency of dehairing, splitting fibers, and bating for the alkali pre-expanded cattle hide using the one-bath strategy was enhanced by 42.3 %, simplifying the process significantly. The physical properties of crust leather were superior to those of the conventional strategy, while the pollution loads were considerably decreased and water consumption decreased by nearly 80 %. Most importantly, when employing NaOH pre-expanded cattle hide in the one-bath strategy, proteoglycans and elastin were rapidly hydrolyzed, with minimal hydrolysis of collagen. The dispersion of collagen fibrils, grain smoothness, fluffiness of collagen fibers, and physical properties of its crust leather are at their best. Furthermore, the hydrothermal shrinkage temperature was on par with that of the conventional strategy. According to the life cycle assessment (LCA) study, except for the environmental impacts of stratospheric ozone depletion, land use, and water consumption, the other impact categories from the newly developed one-bath strategy significantly outperformed the conventional strategy. This work and its results might provide bath methodological and theoretical contributions for simplifying the complex unit operations of conventional beamhouse, reducing environmental pollution, and developing high-quality eco-leather.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Yuhan Zhao,Rui Zhang,Yunqing Liu,Feng Wang,Shi Hu,Fenghui Yang,Chao Tao,Qiong Wu,Baoli Zha,Jiansheng Wu,Fengwei Huo
The commonly employed wet and semi-dry electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes require the use of conductive media, resulting in issues such as reduced comfort, detached conductive coatings, and limitations in long-term wearing. In this study, we present a user-friendly dry EEG electrode made from conductive leather for long-term EEG monitoring. The conductive leather was obtained by in-situ synthesis of polypyrrole inside the goat leather, which could be further used as an EEG electrode. When positioned on the forehead, the interface impedance between the leather electrode and human skin complied with the international standard for EEG electrodes. The material's exceptional breathability enabled prolonged electrode wear. These leather electrodes facilitated precise monitoring of eye movement signals and α-wave activities in a relaxed state, laying the groundwork for extending their application to other brain regions. Furthermore, leather electrodes exhibited excellent performance even in the presence of sweat interference, thus confirming their advantages for long-term EEG monitoring. The leather dry electrode featuring superior wearability, portability, and long-term stability is expected to bring significant implications for future wearable technologies and monitoring devices.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
神经科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 1.6
Wenjing Zhao,Zhihui Sui,Qi Zhang,Lijian Sun,Fang Hu,Xiangyu Cao
Natural leather-based materials possess a combination of air permeability, wear resistance, and plasticity. However, conventional leather products have inherent limitations that make them unsuitable for unconventional applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new capabilities in order to overcome these limitations. In this study, we explored the conversion of regular leather into a high-strength product with hydrophobic properties through surface engineering. To achieve this, we synthesized polysiloxane-modified fluorinated waterborne polyurethane emulsions as functional coatings using emulsion polymerization. The structure and properties of the treated leathers were characterized using techniques such as Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that the synthesized polysiloxane-modified fluorinated waterborne polyurethane successfully penetrated and combined with the fibers of the leather, resulting in excellent hydrophobicity. The water contact angle increased to 124.3°. Furthermore, the tensile strength and tear strength of unfinished leather are 875 N and 114 N, respectively. The application of waterborne polyurethane-derived functional additives as coatings resulted in a significant increase in tensile and tear strength of the leather by 60 N and 16 N, respectively. In addition, the softness of the leather increased from 7.6 mm to 10.09 mm. Overall, the use of this functional waterborne polyurethane coating will contribute to the diversification of leather applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）