JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2024
·
IF 2
Jie Li,Huan Zhou,Jie Yang,Cunbing Xu,Sifan Wang,Yifan Li,Jiangbo Chen
The solid–liquid phase equilibria of the Li+, Na+, Ca2+//Cl––H2O quaternary system at 298.15 and 323.15 K are studied via the isothermal solubility phase equilibrium method. The solubility data and liquid properties of density and pH are obtained. The phase diagrams of the quaternary systems, including the water free diagram, the water diagram, and the dry salt diagram, are plotted to show the phase regions, water content, and salting-in effect. NaCl occupies the largest phase region at both 298.15 and 323.15 K. One double salt LiCl·CaCl2·5H2O occurs at 298.15 K and builds up two invariant points; one incommensurate invariant point saturated by (NaCl, LiCl·H2O, LiCl·CaCl2·5H2O) and one commensurate invariant point saturated by (NaCl, CaCl2·4H2O, LiCl·CaCl2·5H2O), but at 323.15 K, no double salt forms. The salting-in effect that happened in ternary systems still occurs in the quaternary Li+, Na+, Ca2+// Cl––H2O system at both temperatures. NaCl saturated concentration increases with LiCl and CaCl2 contents and results in a very high total salt content at commensurate invariant points, e.g., they are 56.92 and 60.62% at 298.15 and 323.15 K, respectively.
研究领域:
化学
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物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Huijie Zheng,Hansheng Liu,Xueqi Shi,Shuwen Liu,Weiyi Su,Hao Li
BACKGROUND Cadaverine is an important diamine to synthesize nylon. However, the lower product concentration in the cadaverine production makes the downstream separation more complex and costly, and has become a bottleneck for large-scale production. Therefore, in this study, the salting-out was used to efficiently separate cadaverine in the simulated fermentation broth. RESULTS After analyzing the pH of readily soluble potassium salts, three alkaline salting-out agents—K 3 PO 4 , K 2 CO 3 and K 4 P 2 O 7 —were utilized to perform the salting-out separation of cadaverine. The effects of the type and concentration of salting-out agents and cadaverine concentration on the distribution and selection behavior of cadaverine in the simulated fermentation broth were investigated. Particularly, when the concentration of cadaverine was 10 wt% and the K 3 PO 4 concentration was 500 g/kg, the recovery rate of cadaverine in the simulated fermentation broth with K 3 PO 4 salting-out agent was as high as 99.6%, which was significantly higher than that of other salting-out agents, and only 0.01 wt% cadaverine remained in the aqueous phase. CONCLUSION The salting-out ability of the three inorganic salts to cadaverine in the simulated fermentation broth was K 3 PO 4 >K 2 CO 3 >K 4 P 2 O 7 . Furthermore, within a certain range of cadaverine concentrations, the content of cadaverine in the aqueous phase and the amount of water residue in the organic phase could be calculated using a linear regression equation. Since inorganic salts have the advantages of good stability, low cost, non-toxicity and harmlessness, the salting-out process established in this study shows good potential for industrial application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
研究领域:
生物化学
·
化工工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.2
En-Jiang Liu,Ding-ding Lü,Bai-Chuan Lu,Run-Ze Hu,Shi-Wen Guo,Chen-Man Zong,Xiao-Hui Yao,Xue-Yang Wang,Tao Chen,Ai-jun Wan,Dong-Yang Zhang
In recent years, many strategies have been developed to enhance the mechanical properties of hydrogels. However, due to the complex process, the addition of non-green crosslinking agents and the use of high concentration salt solutions will lead to increased costs, resource waste and environmental pollution. In addition, the synergistic improvement of strength and toughness of hydrogels is still challenging. Herein, a general green strategy of solid salting-out to improve the strength and toughness of hydrogels is reported. This strategy can induce the directional phase separation of water molecules in the hydrogel, promoting the close layer-by-layer self-assembly of the PVA molecular chain. Compared with liquid salting-out, solid salting-out has a more significant improvement in the strength of hydrogels, and solid salt blocks can be recycled and reused. A PVA hydrogel prepared by the solid salting-out method showed both high strength and toughness that were 1962- and 1900-fold of those before solid salting-out, respectively. The strength and toughness of the hydrogel can be further improved to 109.06 MPa and 125.73 MJ m−3 by inducing the collaborative self-assembly of cellulose nanofibers and PVA molecular chains. As a general strategy, solid salting-out could enhance various hydrogels composed of materials such as silk, gelatin, and cotton staple cellulose. Thus, this study not only provides a simple method for the strengthening and toughening of hydrogels but also has potential applications in the fields of biological implants because of the favorable biocompatibility of the prepared hydrogels.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2018
·
IF 2.196
Ruilong Jia,Binbin Zhao,Wenjie Xue,Lei Liu,Jinxiang Dong
Formic acid-mediated deoxydehydration of glycerol has emerged as an attractive approach to produce allyl alcohol; however, separation of allyl alcohol by distillation is not a straightforward task from the mixture of allyl alcohol, formic acid, and water because of their very close boiling point. A new route to separate allyl alcohol with high purity has been developed by the precipitation, distillation, and salting-out process. Among 11 salts, NaCl, K2HPO4, and K2CO3 could easily induce the liquid–liquid phase splitting. K2CO3 exhibits the best salting-out effect in a single salt system. Meanwhile, the solubility of allyl alcohol in the organic phase could be predicted by the mass fraction of salt. The allyl alcohol purity of >99.9% could be achieved by using 35% K2CO3 + 25% K2HPO4. The results also provide valuable references to obtain high-purity allyl alcohol for all the glycerol to allyl alcohol routes, because it is indispensable to separate allyl alcohol from its aqueous solution.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
·
2023
·
IF 1.4
Ruilong Jia,Qizhuozhuo Hua,Xiaonan Ma,Guangfu Liao
Allyl alcohol and water can form the lowest boiling point azeotrope, but it is very hard to acquire high-purity allyl alcohol by normal distillation methods. Herein, a separation and purification protocol is developed for perfectly separating an azeotropic mixture of allyl alcohol and water using the salting-out method, in which three potassium phosphate salts, K5P3O10, K3PO4, and K4P2O7, are systematically investigated as salting-out agents, and finally a product consisting of > 99% allyl alcohol is obtained. A thermodynamic study demonstrates that this process involves endothermy and increment entropy. There is a good correlation between the solubility of allyl alcohol and the molar concentration of salt (mol per 1 kg water), and the solubility of the allyl alcohol in the organic phase or the water phase can be forecast using the mass percentage of salts. This work provides a new methodology for the efficient separation of an azeotropic mixture of allyl alcohol and water.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2023
·
IF 2.6
Chang-Wei Peng,Rui-Zhi Cui,Shi-Hua Sang,Hong-Bao Ren
According to the composition characteristics of mineral elements in underground brine in the Sichuan basin of China, the complete phase equilibria and phase diagram of the quinary system LiBr–NaBr–KBr–MgBr2–H2O were studied at 298.15 K. Using the experimentally determined solubilities and equilibrium solids, the spatial stereo phase diagram of the quinary system, the dry base projection phase diagrams of the saturated surfaces of the four salts MgBr2·6H2O, KBr, LiBr·2H2O, and NaBr·2H2O, and the corresponding water content diagrams were plotted, respectively. The experimental results show that at 298.15 K, in addition to the four original components, the anhydrous salt NaBr and the double salt KBr·MgBr2·6H2O are formed. The phase diagram of the quinary system at 298.15 K contains 10 univariate curves, three invariant points, and six equilibrium solid-phase crystallization regions (KBr crystallization region, NaBr crystallization region, NaBr·2H2O crystallization region, MgBr2·6H2O crystallization region, LiBr·2H2O crystallization region, KBr·MgBr2·6H2O crystallization region). When MgBr2·6H2O or KBr is saturated, LiBr has a strong salting-out effect on KBr, NaBr, or MgBr2 and NaBr, while when LiBr·2H2O is saturated, MgBr2 has a salting-out effect on KBr and NaBr. All four saturated projection surfaces have MgBr2·6H2O, and NaBr is generated. These phase equilibrium data can provide a theoretical basis to guide underground brine mining and extract useful components.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 5.774
Yan Li,Jian-Ying Dai,Zhi-Long Xiu
The salting-out extraction (SOE) systems based on ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted extensive attention in the separation of bio-based products, in which imidazolium ILs were widely studied. However, the high cost and toxicity have hindered their further industrial application. Hydroxylammonium ILs have the characteristics of cheap raw material, simple synthesis process and low toxicity, but are rarely used in the SOE systems. In this work, five hydroxylammonium ILs (2 cations and 4 carboxylate anions) were synthesized and used in SOE of bio-chemicals. The phase forming abilities of ILs with K 3 PO 4 and H 2 O were affected by the hydrophilicity of anions and cations. With the increase of carbon chain length, phase forming abilities of ILs increased, while the temperature had little influence. The partition behaviors of acetoin, ILs and 2,3-butandiol, and the selectivity of acetoin to organic acids were investigated and compared at different concentrations of ethanolammonium butyrate (EOAB) and K 3 PO 4 . In a SOE system consisted of 6% EOAB-38% K 3 PO 4 (w/w), the recovery of acetoin, IL and 2,3-butandiol was 92.7%, 76.0% and 86.0%, respectively, and the selectivity of acetoin to lactic acid and acetic acid was 16.46 and 3.85, respectively. The ATR-IR spectra showed the hydrogen bonds formed between acetoin and O-H, N-H, –COO – of hydroxylammonium IL played an important role in the efficient extraction of acetoin from fermentation broths.
研究领域:
生物化工
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 27
·16350-16360
·
IF 10.7
Mengdie Chen,Yuhao Wang,Mohan Yang,Lei Zhang,Kai Wang,Dezhan Ye,Yanhu Zhan,Xiao Li,Weiying Zhang,Xiancai Jiang
Hydrophilic macroporous sponge has been widely used in solar steam generation, catalysis, biosensing and other fields due to its high water transporting and adsorption ability. However, the synthesis step of hydrophilic sponge usually needs the assistance of a freezing process and toxic chemicals such as chemical crosslinkers or foaming agents. To solve these problems, herein, a novel and facile tactic based on the salting out effect was proposed to prepare hydrophilic amphibious open-cell macroporous sponge from the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution. Glycerol, CaCl2 and Na3Cit were successively added into PVA solution. The sol–gel transition would occur due to the salting-out effect of Na3Cit and hydrogen bond crosslinking of glycerol. Finally, the hydrophilic PVA sponge with different shapes and sizes could be easily prepared. Moreover, this hydrophilic wet sponge could be room temperature dried into dry sponge and this dry sponge could be quickly restored to wet sponge after immersing in water due to its ultra-rapid water absorption. The microstructure and mechanical properties of PVA wet and dry sponges were studied. The PVA wet sponge showed excellent mechanical properties with a tensile strength, Young's modulus, and fracture energy of 1.51 ± 0.01 MPa, 0.44 ± 0.02 MPa, and 113.2 ± 1.6 kJ m−2, respectively. The wet sponge prepared in this work has an average porosity of up to 50 μm, and the pore structure can still be maintained during the conventional room temperature drying process. Moreover, the PVA sponge showed high stability in various aqueous media including acid, alkaline, and salt solutions. This work provided a simple and large-scale method to prepare amphibious open-cell hydrophilic PVA sponge.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2013
·
IF 3.172
Ganggang Chang,Zongbi Bao,Zhiguo Zhang,Huabin Xing,Baogen Su,Yiwen Yang,Qilong Ren
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol has extensive industrial applications in solvent extraction, however, in view of its potential pollution to environment, the removal and recovery of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol is considered an essential step toward its sustainable use in the future. In this work, we report the removal of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol from aqueous solutions containing salts in high concentrations by adsorption on a coal-based activated carbon. Adsorption thermodynamics showed that the experimental isotherms were conformed well to the Langmuir equation. Also it was found that inorganic salts, i.e. MgCl 2 and CaCl 2 in high concentration significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity from 223 mg/g in the deionized water to 277 mg/g in a saline water. This phenomenon of adsorption enhancement could be ascribed to the salt-out effect. Kinetic analysis indicated that adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order equation and the adsorption rate constants increase with the salt concentration. The dynamic breakthrough volume and adsorbed amount of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were significantly elevated when the salt is present in the water. The dynamic saturated adsorption amount increased from 218.3 mg/g in the deionized water to 309.5 mg/g in a salt lake brine. The Tomas model was well applied to predict the breakthrough curves and determine the characteristics parameters of the adsorption column.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Zhenqi Sun,Jialin Tan,Guangping Zhou,Hao Huang,Shaoqu Xie
Using fermentation-based alcohol fuel as a substitute for fossil fuels is one of the means to alleviate the oil crisis and exhaust emissions. However, the low fermentation titer and the formation of azeotropes pose challenges to the separation process. In this paper, sugaring-out was proposed to separate a biofuel, namely isobutanol, as sugars are milder than salts and can be used as the fermentation media. The decrease in the water content is a linear function of the initial sugar concentration so that the isobutanol + water azeotrope was broken. The recovery of isobutanol in the 60 wt% isobutanol system using sucrose, glucose, and fructose reached 96.57 %, 97.01 %, and 97.98 %, respectively. After a two-step surgating-out + salting-out process, the isobutanol was purified to 99.82 wt%. The sugaring-out effects of different sugars were quantized by fitting the natural logarithm of isobutanol solubility with sugar molality in the aqueous phase. Due to the different number of hydroxyl groups in the sugar's structure, the order of the sugaring-out effect is glucose ≈ fructose > sucrose. This article provides detailed data on the sugaring-out separation of the concentrated biobutanol systems, which has a guiding role for the use of sugaring-out effect to separate other biofuels from fermentation broth.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分离技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·
IF 3.927
Zhen Li,Ling Yan,Jinjie Zhou,Xiaoli Wang,Yaqin Sun,Zhi-Long Xiu
The separation of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), butyric acid (BA) and acetic acid (HAc) from the fermentation broth was studied by two-step salting-out extraction. In the first salting-out extraction, the partition coefficient and recovery of BA reached 42.21 and 96.42%, respectively, under the optimal condition of 25 wt% NaH 2 PO 4 /30 wt% n-butyl acetate. Subsequently, 91.28% of BA in the organic phase could be recovered through back-extraction when sodium carbonate solution was mixed with organic phase with initial phase ratio of n-butyl acetate solution to alkaline solution being 2:1, in which the molar ratio of sodium carbonate to organic acids was 3:5. Finally, 50% (v/v) ethanol (95%) was added to the bottom phase for the second step salting-out extraction. And the partition coefficient and recovery of 1,3-PD were 9.40 and 95.50%, and those of HAc were 7.46 and 94.40%, respectively. All the cells and most of the proteins (97.16%) could be removed. Effective separation of 1,3-PD from BA was realized by two-step salting-out extraction, which provides a potential method for separation of 1,3-PD, BA and HAc on an industrial scale.
研究领域:
生物工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 91
·期 11
·2793-2801
·
IF 2.738
Shaoqu Xie,Xueqing Qiu,Weini Ji,Conghua Yi
BACKGROUND The cost of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) microbial production depends very much on the separation of 1,3-PD from the fermentation broth. This work develops a salting-out process separating 1,3-PD from aqueous solutions. The salting-out effects of K 2 CO 3 , K 3 PO 4 , and K 4 P 2 O 7 on the liquid–liquid phase equilibria for different aqueous solutions of 1,3-PD were investigated at 298.15 K. RESULTS The distribution coefficient and selectivity coefficient of 1,3-PD increased significantly with increase of the initial salt concentration in the salting-out systems. Increasing the initial 1,3-PD concentration in the aqueous solution improved the distribution coefficient and selectivity coefficient of 1,3-PD, resulting in higher recovery of 1,3-PD. CONCLUSION The solubility of 1,3-PD in the aqueous phase was mainly determined by the salt species and its concentration. The initial 1,3-PD concentration in the aqueous solution had a negligible effect on the solubility of 1,3-PD in the aqueous phase, which showed a linear relation with the molality of salt in the aqueous phase. Moreover, the solubility of 1,3-PD in the organic phase or the aqueous phase could be predicted by the initial salt concentration. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
生物工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）