ENERGY & FUELS
·
2020
·
IF 3.421
Zhao Zhang,Song Zhou,Hongyuan Xi,Majed Shreka
A high nitrate concentration in scrubber water is a major factor that restricts ship applications of NOx wet absorption technology. In this paper, an absorption system (Na2SO3/NaHSO3) that can effectively improve NO2 absorption and reduce the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite was studied. Several factors that affect the NOx absorption efficiency and the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were investigated in a bubble reactor by using Na2SO3 and Na2SO3/NaHSO3. In addition, the reaction mechanism for the process of NO2 absorption was deduced. The results illustrate that increases in S(IV) concentration and initial NO2 concentration could enhance the NOx absorption efficiency while increases in the NO/NO2 ratio and SO2 concentration decreased the NOx absorption efficiency. Moreover, the maximum NOx absorption efficiency was 97.8% at 0.15 mol/L S(IV) and 1400 ppm of NO2 when using the Na2SO3/NaHSO3 absorption system. The S(IV) concentration was the main factor affecting the NOx absorption efficiency and the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite. Increasing the SO2 concentration slightly affected the NOx absorption efficiency but was beneficial for decreasing the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite. The performance of the Na2SO3/NaHSO3 absorption system was better than that of Na2SO3 in the presence of oxygen. Furthermore, the minimum concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were 13.5 and 0 mg/L, respectively, in the Na2SO3/NaHSO3 absorption system for 1100 ppm of NO2 and 0.3 mol/L S(IV) and were much lower than current regulations for scrubber water. Finally, compared with other experimental results, the Na2SO3/NaHSO3 absorption system exhibits great potential for ship NOx wet absorption, and the addition of NaHSO3 plays a key role in decreasing the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2017
·
IF 3.101
Tao Wu,Zhifen Wang,Hai Wang,Zhiqiang Zhang,Luc R. Van Loon
The through-diffusion method was employed to investigate the effect of the salt concentration on the diffusion behaviour of Re(VII) and Se(IV) in compacted bentonite . The accessible porosity , ε acc , of Re(VII) increased from 0.25 to 0.38 with an increase of the ionic strength from 0.1 to 1.0 mol/L. The dependency of the accessible porosity ε acc on the salt concentration could be described approximately by a first-order decay exponential function. The interlayer porosity of GMZ bentonite was 21% of the total porosity at a bulk dry density of 1600 kg/m 3 at 12 °C. The D e values of Re(VII) and Se(IV) increased from 2.6 × 10 − 11 to 6.1 × 10 − 11 m 2 /s and from 1.6 × 10 − 11 to 4.7 × 10 − 11 m 2 /s in GMZ bentonite with an increase of the ionic strength from 0.1 to 1.0 mol/L, respectively. In the case of Se(IV), the adsorption showed a different ionic strength dependency in GMZ bentonite and montmorillonite . The ionic strength has no significant effect on the adsorption (K d = 1.8 × 10 − 4 m 3 /kg) on GMZ bentonite, indicating the formation of inner-sphere surface complexes. In the case of synthetic montmorillonite, the K d values increased with increasing ionic strength. This can be explained by the fact that the electric potential of surface sites becomes less negative with increasing ionic strength resulting in an increase in the adsorption of Se(IV) at a pH above the point of zero salt effect (PZSE). The D e values of both Re(VII) and Se(IV) increased with increasing salt concentration. Both anions are totally excluded from the interlayer space and partially from the diffuse double layer. Ionic strength alters the effective diffusion coefficient of anions by controlling the thickness of the diffuse double layer. Anion diffusion data from the literature (effective and apparent diffusion coefficients) were satisfactorily evaluated by Archie's relation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
地球化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Lu Jianhang,Li Ruilin,Chen Hongbin,Sun Di,Yu Zhongjie,Liu Yu,Zhang Bin,Jiang Wei
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of brine concentrations (4%, 8%, 12%, 16%) on the quality of salted large yellow croakers. During the wet salting processing, increased salinity inhibited myogenic fibers swelling and extracellular space expansion, and resulted in lower water content and higher salt content of salted large yellow croaker products. During refrigeration of salted large yellow croakers at 4 °C for 24 days, SDS-PAGE patterns showed that high salinity slowed down the degradation of proteins, which was further confirmed by changes in free amino acids (FAAs) and biogenic amine contents. The increases in K value, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content, total viable counts (TVC) and the deterioration in sensory were delayed by increasing salinity. Notably, high salinity enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. The results suggested that high salinity inhibited tissue structure destruction, microbial growth, protein degradation and freshness reduction, but accelerated lipid oxidation of salted large yellow croakers.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ChemElectroChem
·
2019
·Vol. 6
·期 17
·4637-4644
·
IF 3.975
Lei Zhang,Hongyu Wang
Graphical Double time : It is demonstrated that the concentrated solution of 3 M LiPF 6 -ethyl methyl carbonate/trimethyl phosphate (7 : 3 by vol.) is also compatible with graphite negative and works well for full dual-graphite batteries. Although trimethyl phosphate (TMP)-based electrolyte solutions are effective to resist flames in non-aqueous electrical energy storage devices, they are usually not so compatible with Li-graphite negative electrodes. Herein, we solve this problem by increasing the concentration of LiPF 6 salt in the solution. A benchmark graphite negative electrode (MCMB, mesocarbon microbeads) can deliver a capacity over 325 mAh g −1 and maintain good cyclability in a solution of 3 M LiPF 6 -ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC)/TMP (7 : 3 by vol.). Moreover, our previous work has confirmed that the graphite positive electrode also works very well in the above solution. Therefore, this solution can cater to both anion-graphite and Li-graphite intercalation electrodes, which enables the construction of dual-graphite batteries (DGBs). There are some problems arising during the DGB operation, and corresponding strategies are proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Minghang Mao,Kefeng Yan,Chang Chen,Xiaosen Li,Zhaoyang Chen,Gang Li,Yi Wang
As a new type of clean energy, the exploitation of natural gas hydrate resources is key in global energy development of the future. A fundamental understanding of the heat transfer characteristics of natural gas hydrate reservoirs is critical for effective natural gas hydrate exploitation. In this work, the heat transfer characteristics of the sediments on marine natural gas hydrate reservoirs were investigated by using experiments and machine learning algorithms. The thermal conductivities of natural marine sediments from the marine natural gas hydrate reservoir and their primary porous media (quartz sand, Illite, and montmorillonite) were measured. The effects of the porous media component, the water content, the salt concentration, and the phase state change on the thermal conductivity of the reservoir were discussed. The experimental results show that the thermal conductivity of the reservoir depends not only on the inherent thermal conductivity of the porous media but also on the heat transfer mode between the components. The effective thermal conductivity of the porous media system is proportional to the water content and inversely proportional to the salt concentration in porous media. The swelling characteristics of porous media affect the heat transfer mode of the system, thus affecting the extent of change in the effective thermal conductivity with variations in the water content and salt concentration. During the phase transition process, the swelling characteristics of the porous media slow down the heat transfer process, an effect that can be mitigated by the swelling inhibition caused by salt. Additionally, the performances of six machine learning algorithms were evaluated using four evaluation indicators. Results show that the gradient boosted decision trees (GBDT) can yield good predicted values of the thermal conductivity of porous media in a marine natural gas hydrate. A feature importance analysis further reveals that the salt concentration and porous media components are the essential factors influencing the thermal conductivity of marine gas hydrate reservoirs.
研究领域:
能源地质学
·
机器学习应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Yu-Ke Cen,Lin Zhang,Meng-Ping Liu,Chao Xiang,Tao-Xu Lu,Ya-Ping Xue,Yu-Guo Zheng
Many years ago, life transitioned from the ocean to land, evolving from halophilic to non-halophilic organisms. Our research indicates that some enzymes from halophiles require salt for soluble expression in E. coli and retain activity within certain salt concentration ranges in the growth medium. The cytoplasmic electrical resistance varies in accordance with the salt concentration in the medium. Further experiments and simulations reveal that the protein structure undergoes dynamic and sophisticated changes under different salt concentrations, affecting soluble expression, surface charge and enzyme activity. This suggests that salt concentrations affect enzyme functionality and potentially influence overall metabolic processes, pointing to a sophisticated adaptive system that operates independently of genetic molecules. Our findings propose insights into a type of environmental cue induced evolution of halophilic microorganisms from the perspective of protein structure. Ultimately, given our extensive marine and other saline resources, our research lays a foundational basis for the development and utilization of halophile-origin enzymes.
研究领域:
分子生物学
·
进化生物学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2019
·
IF 7.015
Ruizhang Xu,Jiantao Wang,Dandan Chen,Tianyu Liu,Zhuo Zheng,Feng Yang,Jinyao Chen,Jian Kang,Ya Cao,Ming Xiang
In this research, l -lysine was adopted as a new aqueous monomer to react with 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (TMC) for the preparation of polyamide thin-film composite (PA TFC) membrane (denoted as l -lysine TFC membrane in our research) via interfacial polymerization method. A novel salt concentration sensitive charge-mosaic nanofiltration membrane for the separation of salts and dyes was prepared. The chemical properties, morphologies, surface properties, permeability and selectivity of the l -lysine TFC membranes were carefully investigated. Surprisingly, the l -lysine TFC membranes showed very high separating efficiency to salts/dyes mixtures (above 99.2% for Naphthol green B retention and 2.75% for NaCl rejection), and an unusual salt concentration sensitivity, i.e. the water flux of the l -lysine TFC membrane significantly increased along with the increase of salt concentration of the feed solution, maximized to 13.05 times larger compared with its pure water flux in this research (36.15 L/m 2 h bar compared with 2.77 L/m 2 h bar). The salt concentration sensitivity was verified during over 30 cycles of repeated test. This novel membrane might have potential application in many areas, such as the separation of salts and dyes in textile industry or pre-treatment for the desalination or purification. Moreover, a series of experiments including molecular weight cut-off, ionic exchange capacity measurement and permeability test were carefully designed and performed to explore the mechanism of the interesting salt concentration sensitivity of the membrane. A possible mechanism was proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·Vol. 56
·期 2
·999-1012
·
IF 2.773
Xiuyun Guo,Yawei Zhang,Muneer Ahmed Jamali,Zengqi Peng
Summary The present work examined the impact of L-Arginine (Arg) on the emulsifying properties, interfacial behaviour and conformational characteristics of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) at high (0.6 m ) and low (0.15 m ) salt concentration to maintain good emulsifying properties of MPs at low salt concentration. The data indicated that Arg increased the emulsifying activity index/emulsion stability index (EAI/ESI) and decreased the CI and droplet size of emulsions regardless of salt concentration. Raman spectra revealed that the α-helix content decreased from 60.30% to 51.26% at high salt concentration, and from 60.20% to 54.82% at low salt concentration in the presence of Arg. In addition, MPs treated with Arg exhibited a higher interfacial pressure and more rapidly diffusion to the oil surface. Meanwhile, Arg increased the interfacial protein loading. The results demonstrated that Arg caused the unfolding of MPs, promoting the adsorption of proteins and decreasing the interfacial tension, ultimately improving the stability of emulsions at low salt concentration.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre
·
2015
·
IF 0
Wei Xu,Weiping Jin,Chunlan Zhang,Hongshan Liang,Bakht Ramin Shah,Bin Li
Self-aggregation behaviors of κ-carrageenan/lysozyme (CRG/Ly) complex inducing by intrinsic and extrinsic factors were investigated form macro and micro aspects, including the ratio, pH, temperature and salt. High Ly content promote aggregation behavior of CRG/Ly complex, while CRG played a suppressive role. Except for CRY5, the complex displayed nano-size distribution. Both CRG addition and the self-aggregation behavior could enhance the thermal stability of Ly. Low ζ-potential induced by pH made the CRG/Ly complex easy to self-aggregate into structure with large size due to the gradual association of complex to form lager interpolymeric complexes. The tunable process means to control the dissociation and association behavior between interpolymeric complexes and soluble complex by pH. All systems shared high NaCl tolerance and presented stable transmittance. Heat-induced self-aggregation exhibited a temperature and polymers ratios dependant manner. The mechanisms of environment induced self-aggregation into interpolymeric complexes reflected the re-balanced physical interaction when they suffered from any treatment. Controlling and regulating self-aggregation behavior of protein/polysaccharide system could enrich the soft structures from food respective and also provide practical theory for food process.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物大分子相互作用
·
软物质结构
✓ 已验证
DOI
LANGMUIR
·
2017
·
IF 3.833
Jian Zhang,Ran Kou,Guangming Liu
Strong polyelectrolyte brushes (SPB) and weak polyelectrolyte brushes (WPB) have different origins with response to pH, which makes their pH-responsive properties sensitive to salt concentration in different ways. Herein, we have employed poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride] (PMETAC) and poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) brushes as model systems for SPB and WPB, respectively, to investigate the effect of salt concentration on the pH responses of SPB and WPB using several surface-sensitive techniques. The pH-responsive properties of the PMETAC brushes are governed by the reorganization of the interchain hydrogen bonds between the grafted chains, whereas the pH response of the PDMAEMA brushes is controlled by the charge of the grafted chains. The response of the properties of the PMETAC brushes including hydration, conformation, and surface wettability becomes weaker with increasing salt concentration induced by the competitive adsorption of counterions to the brushes between OH– and Cl–. The weakening of the pH response of the PMETAC brushes is more remarkable at the relatively high pH values. The pH response of the PDMAEMA brushes also exhibits a salt-concentration dependence. As the salt concentration increases, the weakening of the pH response of the PDMAEMA brushes is attributed to the decrease in osmotic pressure within the brushes at relatively low pH values.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·
IF 3.412
Xin-Sheng Qin,Zhi-Gang Luo,Xi-Chun Peng,Xuan-Xuan Lu,Yu-Xiao Zou
The development of multilayered interfacial engineering on the emulsion freeze–thaw properties has recently attracted widespread attention, because of the essential freeze–thaw storage process in some emulsion-matrix food products. In this research, we studied the role of salt concentration on the freeze–thaw properties of quinoa protein (QPI) nanoparticles-stabilized Pickering emulsions. The QPI nanoparticles (particle concentration c = 2%, w/v) with increasing particle size and surface hydrophobicity (H0) were fabricated by ultrasound treatment at 100 W for 20 min, by varying the NaCl addition (salt concentrations, 0–500 mM). The sonicated QPI nanoparticles with increasing salt concentrations showed higher β-sheet structure contents and stronger hydrophobic interactions, which were attributed to the decreasing charged groups and particle aggregation by electrostatic interactions. As compared to the sonicated QPI nanoparticles-stabilized Pickering emulsions (c = 2%, oil fraction φ = 0.5) without salt accretion, the emulsions with salt accretion exhibited better freeze–thaw properties after three freeze–thaw circulations, which might be mainly caused by the generation of gel-like three-dimensional structure and multilayered network at the droplets’ interface with smaller droplet sizes. Increasing the salt concentration progressively enhanced the freeze–thaw properties of sonicated QPI nanoparticles-stabilized Pickering emulsions probably due to the inhibit formation of ice crystal by the “salting-out” effects. The results of this study would provide great significance to investigate the role of salt concentration in the freeze–thaw properties of protein-stabilized Pickering emulsions.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
·
2012
·Vol. 14
·期 19
·6812-6816
·
IF 3.573
Zhenli Luo,Xiaoyan Wang,Guangzhao Zhang
The sedimentation of quaternized poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (QP4VP) or poly(N-methyl 4-vinyl pyridine iodide) in aqueous solution has been investigated by using an analytical ultracentrifuge (AUC) via sedimentation velocity (SV). When NaI is introduced, either the sedimentation coefficient (s) or apparent molar mass (Mw) of QP4VP increases with NaI concentration because the polyelectrolyte chains aggregate or even form precipitates due to hydrophobic interaction. Upon addition of NaCl, either s or Mw exhibits a maximum as NaCl concentration increases. The sedimentation in NaBr solution falls in between. Besides, the diffusion coefficient (D) shows a minimum as the added salt concentration increases when either of the salts is added. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) measurements show that the enthalpy change increases from NaI over NaBr to NaCl when each of them is mixed with QP4VP, revealing that the order of the strength of the anion–pyridinium interaction is I− > Br− > Cl−. When I− ions are added, they only screen the electrostatic interaction and no counterion competition happens. Upon addition of Cl− or Br− ions, the original counterions (I−) win the competition at low Cl− or Br− concentration, so that the added anions only screen the electrostatic interaction. When the concentration of Cl− or Br− ions is high enough, they replace I− ions to interact with the polyelectrolyte chains due to osmotic pressure. The present study demonstrates that the complex dynamics of the polyelectrolyte is greatly influenced by the ion-specific effect.
研究领域:
生物物理学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）