CHROMATOGRAPHIA
·
2017
·Vol. 80
·期 12
·1733-1739
·
IF 1.402
Zhang Chaozheng,Zheng Yu,Ma Shenxi,Wu Zhiguo
Abstract Bile acids are essential materials in the fatty acid cycle. Thus, understanding the metabolism of bile acids is significant. In this study, LC–MS was employed to analyze the composition and content of bile acids in rat cecal contents. Six individual bile acids were determined simultaneously. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 10 mmol L −1 of ammonium acetate solution. The flow rate was 0.2 mL min −1 , and the total analysis time was 34 min. Under the developed conditions, all calibration curves for the six individual bile acids were achieved, and all correlation coefficients exceeded 0.99. Meanwhile, satisfactory results were obtained in the range of 50–500 µg g −1 for the six individual bile acids in the rat cecal contents. The LOD and LOQ of the bile acids were as low as 2.5 and 10 µg g −1 in the rat cecal contents, respectively, and the relative standard deviations of the peak area were within 1.25–2.01%. The dried residues after extraction were selected as the blank matrix. The overall recovery efficiencies of the bile acids in biological samples were increased to 97.2–103.2%. Therefore, the developed method can be used to quantify individual bile acids at extremely low levels in rat cecal contents. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分析化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Animals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·498
·
IF 3
Yan Zeng,Liwen Jiang,Bingyu Zhou,Yubo Liu,Lingang Wang,Zhijin Hu,Chunping Wang,Zhiru Tang
Simple SummaryThis research assessed the effect of organic iron made bySaccharomyces cerevisiae(yeast iron) on digestion, utilization, antioxidation and caecum microflora in weaned piglets. An amount of 20 piglets which had been weaned after 28 days were divided into 4 groups. The basal diet of these 4 groups contained, respectively, 104 mg/kg iron of ferric sulfate or 84 mg/kg, 104 mg/kg or 124 mg/kg iron of yeast iron. The results suggested that a diet containing 84 mg/kg iron of yeast iron has the same effect as a diet containing 104 mg/kg iron of ferric sulfate, and that a diet containing 104 or 124 mg/kg iron of yeast iron is superior to a diet containing 104 mg/kg iron of ferric sulfate.AbstractOrganic iron is expected to replace inorganic iron used in diets as an iron source. Organic iron possesses high absorption efficiency and low fecal iron excretion. This study aims to study the effect of organic iron produced bySaccharomyces cerevisiae(yeast iron) on digestion, utilization, antioxidation and caecum microflora in weaned piglets. In total, 20 piglets that had been weaned after 28 days were divided into 4 groups, each of which followed a different basal diet. The basal diet of each of these 4 groups contained, respectively, 104 mg/kg iron (ferrous sulfate, CON), 84 mg/kg iron (yeast iron, LSC), 104 mg/kg iron (yeast iron, MSC) or 124 mg/kg iron (yeast iron, HSC). This experiment lasted 35 d. The apparent digestibility of iron in LSC, MSC and HMS was higher than that in CON (p< 0.01) and the fecal iron content in LSC, MSC and HMS was lower than that in CON (p< 0.01). Serum iron contents in LSC, MSC and HMS were higher than that in CON (p< 0.01). The iron contents of the heart, lungs, liver, kidney and left gluteus muscle in the MSC and HMS groups were higher than that in CON and LSC (p< 0.05). Serum catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activity, superoxide anion, glutathione, hydroxyl free radical scavenging rate, total antioxidant capacity, and liver superoxide anion clearance rate and peroxidase in MSC and HMS were higher than that in CON and LSC (p< 0.05). The contents of nitric oxide and peroxide of the weaned piglets in MSC and HMS were lower than that in CON and LSC (p< 0.05). The abundance of Firmicutes, Blautia and Peptococcus in LSC, HSC and MSC was higher than that in CON (p< 0.01). The abundance of Lactobacillus in CON and LSC was higher than that in MSC and HSC (p< 0.01). The abundance of Acinetobacter, Streptococcus and Prevotella in LSC, MSC and HSC was lower than that in CON (p< 0.01). The results suggested that a diet containing 84 mg/kg iron of yeast iron has the same effect as a diet containing 104 mg/kg iron of ferric sulfate, and that a diet containing 104 or 124 mg/kg iron of yeast iron is superior to a diet containing 104 mg/kg iron of ferric sulfate.Keywords:Saccharomyces cerevisiae;organic iron;antioxidant capacity;caecum microflora;weaned piglets
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
微生物学
·
兽医学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animals
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 14
·2108
·
IF 2.7
Guangtian Cao,Xiyue Liu,Huixian Wang,Jia Kang,Feiyang Wang,Molin Li,Wenqi Sun,Xiaosi Lv
Simple SummaryRecently, plant extracts have been confirmed to effectively inhibit diseases in poultry production, especially with the prohibition of antibiotics. Plant-derived compounds have also been shown to improve the growth performance of broilers owing to their biological functions. We suspected that the lycopene, treated as one of the most potent antioxidants, may beneficially contribute to the broilers, and we arranged the present trial based on the differential addition dosages. Data confirmed the growth promotion of lycopene through improving intestinal morphology, enhancing hepatic antioxidant capacity, and increasing beneficial cecal species. Hence, we suggested that lycopene is one kind of profitable plant extract, which may beneficially improve the growth performance of yellow-feather broilers.Lycopene (Lyc) possesses strong antioxidant activity through its ability to scavenge singlet oxygen and modulate immune responses in livestock and poultry. As few studies have examined the effects of Lyc on hepatic antioxidant capacity in broilers, we evaluated the effects of dietary Lyc supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microflora composition in yellow-feather broilers. We randomly assigned 480 one-day-old yellow-feather broilers to four dietary treatments: a basal diet with no additive (Con), and a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg (Lyc150), 250 mg/kg (Lyc250), or 500 mg/kg (Lyc500) of lycopene. Compared to Con, Lyc supplementations significantly increased average daily gain by more than 14% from days 29 to 56. Additionally, Lyc250 significantly increased by over 6.4% in average daily feed intake from days 1 to 28, as well as by over 50% in hepatic levels of total antioxidant capacity and 65% in catalase on day 56. Lyc250 significantly increased villus height and decreased the villus-to-crypt ratio. Moreover, both Lyc250 and Lyc500 significantly downregulated hepatic Bax mRNA expression. Further, Lyc150 and Lyc250 significantly increased the relative abundance ofFermentum_g_Lactobacilus,Enterococcus_cecorum_g_Enterococcus, andRuminococcus sp_g_Ruminococcus, but decreasedAcetobacter_lovaniensis_g_AcetobacterandLactobacillus_amylolyicus_g_Lactobacilus. Overall, our study found that Lyc supplementation significantly improved growth performance, enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity, and modulated cecal microflora through increasing beneficial species in yellow-feather broilers.
研究领域:
动物科学
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营养学
·
家禽养殖
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微生物学
·
抗氧化研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2018
·
IF 4.019
Mi Lan,Yang Bin,Hu Xialu,Luo Yang,Liu Jianxin,Yu Zhongtang,Wang Jiakun
The rumen and the hindgut represent two different fermentation organs in herbivorous mammals, with the former producing much more methane than the latter. The objective of this study was to elucidate the microbial underpinning of such differential methane outputs between these two digestive organs. Methane production was measured from 5 adult sheep and 15 adult rabbits, both of which were placed in open-circuit respiratory chambers and fed the same diet (alfalfa hay). The sheep produced more methane than the rabbits per unit of metabolic body weight, digestible neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber. pH in the sheep rumen was more than 1 unit higher than that in the rabbit cecum. The acetate to propionate ratio in the rabbit cecum was more than threefold greater than that in the sheep rumen. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries revealed distinct microbiota between the rumen of sheep and the cecum of rabbits. Hydrogen-producing fibrolytic bacteria, especially Butyrivibrio, Succiniclastium, Mogibacterium, Prevotella, and Christensenellaceae, were more predominant in the sheep rumen, whereas non-hydrogen producing fibrolytic bacteria, such as Bacteroides, were more predominant in the rabbit cecum. The rabbit cecum had a greater predominance of acetogens, such as those in the genus Blautia, order Clostridiales, and family Ruminococcaceae. The differences in the occurrence of hydrogen-metabolizing bacteria probably explain much of the differential methane outputs from the rumen and the cecum. Future research using metatranscriptomics and metabolomics shall help confirm this premise and understand the factors that shape the differential microbiota between the two digestive organs. Furthermore, our present study strongly suggests the presence of new fibrolytic bacteria in the rabbit cecum, which may explain the stronger fibrolytic activities therein.
研究领域:
微生物学
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动物科学
·
环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications
·
2015
·
IF 3.088
Lin Zhu,Yu-Qing Zhang
N,O-Carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCC) can prevent postsurgical adhesion formation. Here, we described the preparation of a novel silkworm pupa NOCC and its effects on the prevention of postoperative adhesion in a rat cecal abrasion model. The degree of deacetylation (DDA) of silkworm pupa chitosan was only 49.87 ± 0.86%; regardless, it was used as the raw material to construct the novel silkworm pupa NOCC, which had a weaker crystallinity than the NOCC standard. Sixty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups and treated as follows: 0.9% normal saline solution as a negative control, medical anti-adhesion gel as a positive control and the silkworm pupa NOCC anti-adhesion solution. Two and three weeks after surgery, the animals were killed and the adhesion formation was scored. The silkworm pupa NOCC solution significantly decreased the levels of WBC, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 but had no effect on IL-4. Additionally, a lower level of TGF-β 1 expression was found in the silkworm pupa NOCC group, and significantly less collagen ( P < 0.01) and fewer inflammatory cells and fibroblasts were detected in the animals of this group. These results suggested that the novel NOCC from silkworm pupa using the method described here have potential applications in the prevention of postoperative intestinal adhesion.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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药理学
·
外科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
·
2021
·Vol. 101
·期 9
·1118-1129
·
IF 5.662
Wang Xin,Li Xing-Liang,Qin Li-Jie
Myocardial injury is a severe complication of sepsis and contributes substantially to the death of critically ill patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced myocardial injury. In this study, we investigated the role of lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in septic myocardial injury and explored its mechanism. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated H9C2 cells and rats subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were used as the in vitro and in vivo models. After exposure to LPS, XIST and c-Fos levels were upregulated, but miR-150-5p was downregulated in H9C2 cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissues. XIST affected viability, apoptosis, and pyroptosis in LPS-challenged H9C2 cells. Moreover, XIST knockdown attenuated LPS-induced injury in H9C2 cells by targeting the miR-150-5p/c-Fos axis. c-Fos could bound to the promoter of the TXNIP/XIST gene and enhanced TXNIP/XIST expression. Silencing of XIST improved cardiac function and survival rate and reduced apoptosis and pyroptosis by regulating the miR-150-5p/c-Fos axis in septic rats in vivo. Taken together, our data show that XIST/miR-150-5p/c-Fos axis affected septic myocardial injury, which may indicate a novel therapeutic strategy for sepsis-induced myocardial injury.
研究领域:
分子生物学
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心脏病学
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传染病学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
·
2023
·
IF 2.7
Gongyan Liu,Haitao Sun,Ce Liu,Liya Bai,Liping Yang,Wenxue Jiang,Shuxia Gao
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary fibre sources on growth performance, gastrointestinal tract development, caecal fermentation and bacterial composition in the caecal contents of rabbits. A total of 120 35-day-old weaned Minxinan black rabbits were divided into three groups and fed a diet composed of peanut straw powder (Group A), alfalfa powder (Group B) and soybean straw powder (Group C) as the main fibre source. The final body weight and average daily gain in Group B were higher than those in Group C, and the average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio in Group A were lower than those in Group C ( p < 0.05). The relative weights of the stomach, small intestine and caecum of rabbits in Group C were higher than those in Groups of B and A, and the relative weights of the caecal contents in Group C were lower than those in Groups A or B ( p < 0.05). The pH value and propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations in the caecum of Group C were lower than those in the caecum of Groups A or B, and the concentration of acetic acid in the caecum was lower ( p < 0.05). The dominant microbes in the caecal contents of Minxinan black rabbits were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria at the phylum level, and the number of species, Chao1 index and ACE index measured was different between the B–C and A–C groups ( p < 0.05). Different dietary fibre sources could affect the growth performance, gastrointestinal tract development and intestinal microbiota of rabbits, and the nutritional value of alfalfa powder was better than that of peanut straw and soybean straw.
研究领域:
动物营养
·
微生物学
·
胃肠生理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Nutrition
·
2021
·
IF 6.576
Yang Dongting,Lyu Wentao,Hu Ziyi,Gao Jiting,Zheng Zhiyao,Wang Weijun,Firrman Jenni,Ren Daxi
Hypercholesteremia or high cholesterol is one of the important factors leading to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. The application of probiotics with cholesterol-lowering characteristics has become increasingly popular over the past decade due to their contribution to human health. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. A hyperlipidemic model was established through a high cholesterol diet in golden hamsters, after which lyophilized Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 were orally administered individually for 8 weeks. The physiological characteristics of golden hamsters and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the colon were assessed by automatic Biochemical Analyzer and gas choromatograph, respectively. A MiSeq sequencing-based analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region) in the cecum content was performed to analyze the cecum microbiota. Correlations between sets of these variables were also investigated using the R package “corrplot.” Results showed that neither Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 nor Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 inhibited body weight increase. However, supplementation with Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 for 8 weeks increased colon SCFA levels (P < 0.05), decreased serum low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, and also induced changes in the cecum microbiota of hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. Remarkably, oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 increased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides in the cecum, which served as a biomarker for colon SCFA production and improvement of serum cholesterol levels. In a word, Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 improved hyperlipidemia in golden hamsters, which correlated with an increase in SCFA levels and relative abundance of Parabacteroides, indicating its potential importance in functional foods that can help lower cholesterol.
研究领域:
微生物学
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营养学
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分子生物学
·
胃肠病学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
·
2020
·Vol. 394
·期 1
·165-175
·
IF 2.05
Xu Haibo,Qi Qian,Yan Xixin
Myricetin belongs to the flavonoid family which is derived from plant source. It is well-known for the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties yet the clinical use of myricetin awaits further discovery. Acute lung injury (ALI) is commonly caused by sepsis which leads to enormous burden with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, a murine sepsis model was constructed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The indicated dose of myricetin (100 mg/kg) was further administrated intragastrically. The survival rate test indicated that myricetin significantly improved the vitality of CLP-operated mice. The pathological changes in morphology, biomarkers of inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, and mitochondrial damage were further detected. Myricetin showed significant inhibitory effects on these changes in CLP-induced mice. Furthermore, expression levels of transcription factor Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) along with DNA binding activity of Nrf2 were analyzed by western blot and EMSA, indicating that myricetin positively regulates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in CLP-induced sepsis mice. Murine sepsis models with knockdown of Nrf2 and control were further established and suggested that myricetin might exert protective effects on sepsis lung injury in dependent with Nrf2. Our study provides novel mechanisms for the protective effect of myricetin in sepsis-associated acute lung injury.
研究领域:
药理学
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免疫学
·
病理学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Functional Foods
·
2020
·
IF 3.701
Xiao Guo,Kaikai Li,Ailing Guo,Erhu Li
In this study, an in vivo animal experiment was performed, to investigate the intestinal absorption and distribution of naringin, hesperidin, and their metabolites by using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-PDA analysis. The bioavailability of naringin or hesperidin in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon was calculated. A total of 7 and 13 metabolites were found and tentatively identified in intestinal tissue after orally administered naringin and hesperidin in mice, respectively. Sulfates of naringin could be absorbed by ileum and cecum, de-glycosylation metabolites could be absorbed by duodenum, and phenolic acids could be absorbed by the cecum and colon. Sulfates of hesperidin could be absorbed by duodenum and ileum, de-glycosylation metabolites could be absorbed by cecum, and phenolic acids could be absorbed by ileum, cecum and colon. Jejunum did not absorb metabolites of naringin or hesperidin. Results could be beneficial for understanding the intestinal bioactivities of naringin and hesperidin.
研究领域:
药理学
·
生物化学
·
营养学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2023
·
IF 17.1
Zhen Li,Yuanji Feng,Sijia Zhang,Tong Li,Huixin Li,Dianwei Wang,Kai Hao,Chaoliang He,Huayu Tian,Xuesi Chen
Sepsis is a disease caused by infection, which is characterized by a dysregulated immune response in the host and affects more than 30 million people worldwide each year. However, the current single therapeutic approaches are not effective in controlling the progression of sepsis. Here, we synthesize a nanoparticle (TMP) containing tannic acid (TA), Polymyxin B (PMB), and Mn2+ (Mn) by a simple one-pot method. TMP has the following characteristics: (1) All components have good biocompatibility; (2) simple preparation process without subsequent processing; (3) antibacterial and remove multiple inflammatory mediators; and (4) effectively mitigating cytokine storm both in the acute lung injury (ALI) and the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Our results demonstrate the critical role of targeting multiple mediators to mitigate cytokine storms for the treatment of sepsis.
研究领域:
纳米技术
·
免疫学
·
药学
·
传染病学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Hongqiao Hou,Bowen Jiang,Aiqing Zhu,Junjun Hou,Zhe Qu,Ruping Liu,Aiqun Li
This study was designed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Sufentanil on acute lung injury in septic mice based on network pharmacology and animal experiments, and to provide new ideas for clinical treatment. To this end, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for common targets was first constructed with Swiss Target Prediction Database, GeneCards Database, Draw Venn Diagram Software, STRING 11.5 Database, Cytoscape 3.10.0 Software and Metascape Database, and then key targets were subject to enrichment analysis by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to obtain the key targets of Sufentanil for the treatment of pulmonary sepsis, and then verified by animal experiments. A sepsis model was constructed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in this study, and lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were taken from each group of mice. The morphological changes of lung tissues and apoptosis were observed by HE and TUNEL staining, the content of inflammatory factors in the lung tissues was detected by ELISA, and the expression of proteins, such as p-JAK2 and p-STAT3, was detected in the lung tissues by Western blotting. According to the results of network pharmacology, a total of 40 common targets of were screened out for Sufentanil and pulmonary sepsis, and GO enrichment analysis involved 1,483 biological processes (BPs), 84 cellular components (CCs) and 125 molecular functions (MFs); KEGG enrichment analysis identified 137 signaling pathways with p < 0.05 such as JAK-STAT. According to the results of animal experiments, compared with the control group, mice in the model group had severe lung tissue injury and elevated expression of relevant inflammatory factors in lung tissue. Compared with the model group, CLP + Sufentanil group showed reduced pathomorphologic lesions, lower expression of inflammatory factors and apoptosis level, as well as lower expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 proteins in lung tissue. The results of animal experiments were consistent with network pharmacology. In summary, Sufentanil may improve lung injury in septic mice by inhibiting the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, which provides a basis for research on the mechanism of Sufentanil on pulmonary sepsis and clinical treatment.
研究领域:
药理学
·
免疫学
·
分子生物学
·
病理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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