APPLIED ENERGY
·
2016
·
IF 5.746
Weizi Cai,Qian Zhou,Yongmin Xie,Jiang Liu,Guohui Long,Shuang Cheng,Meilin Liu
Biochar derived from orchid tree leaves is utilised as the fuel of a direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC), with yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as electrolyte and cermet of silver and gadolinium doped ceria (Ag-GDC) as the material of both cathode and anode, operating without any liquid medium or feeding gas. The performance of the DC-SOFC operated on the leaf char is higher than that operated on the best reported carbon fuel for DC-SOFCs, Fe-loaded activated carbon. XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and EDX are applied to characterize the leaf char. It turns out that the leaf char is with porous structure and there is much Ca along with some K and Mg uniformly distributing in the leaf char. The effects of the naturally existing alkaline earth metal and alkaline metal and their distribution on the performance of the DC-SOFCs operated on the leaf char are analyzed in detail.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
·
2017
·Vol. 33
·期 8
·1614-1620
·
IF 0.767
WANG Xiao-Qiang,LIU Jiang,XIE Yong-Min,CAI Wei-Zi,ZHANG Ya-Peng,ZHOU Qian,YU Fang-Yong,LIU Mei-Lin
A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) stack was prepared with 3 tubular cells electrically connected in series. To increase carbon storage in the stack, the anode was fabricated outside the tubular cells so that carbon fuel can be loaded at the exterior of the stack, which
is more spacious than the interior. The 3-cell-stack is operated directly with carbon as the fuel and oxygen in ambient air as the oxidant. With a total effective area of 10.2 cm2 and a 5% (w) Fe-loaded activated carbon fuel of 17 g, the stack reveals a peak power of 4.1
W at 800°C. The stack discharged at a constant current of 1.0 A for 19 h, giving a charge capacity of 19 A·h and an energy capacity of 31.6 W·h, which are much higher than those of a similar stack with anode on the inside and carbon loaded at the interior. The high capacity
of our DC-SOFC opens up potential applications in portable devices.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 6.274
Chaoqi Wang,Zhe Lü,Jingwei Li,Zhiqun Cao,Bo Wei,Huan Li,Minghao Shang,Chaoxiang Su
The rapid development of express logistics industry has yielded more carton wastes, how to utilize them as resources has become an important issue in recent years. In this paper, effective and multifunctional applications of waste carton are explored to obtain products of solid carbon fuel and tar via pyrolysis process . Solid carbon derived from waste carton is utilized as fuel for direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) with the symmetric perovskite La0.3Sr0.7Fe0.7Ti0.3O3-δ electrodes and scandium stabilized zirconia electrolyte for power generation . The maximum output performance of this DC-SOFC is up to 307.8 mW cm-2 at 850 °C. The cell fueled by 0.2 g carbonated waste carton is operated at constant resistance discharging mode of 20 Ω, and 5.8 h discharging with a capacity of 658 C is represented. Ash of the carton fuel is collected after operation. Infrared spectrum and surface-enhanced Raman spectrum are employed to characterize tar from pyrolysis, and they show that tar contains many organic matters with a potential to be used as chemical raw materials. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results show various inorganic salts and oxides in the ash, it means that the ash may be a promising candidate for fertilizer.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
·
2019
·Vol. 43
·期 13
·6970-6982
·
IF 3.343
Yong Jiao,Chongyang Wang,Liqin Zhang,Wenting An,Na Zhou,Guangming Yang,Wei Wang,Wei Zhou,Si-Dian Li
Summary Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can directly utilize solid carbon as fuel by integrating with the reverse Boudouard reaction in the anode chamber. Efficiency of the Boudouard gasification of solid carbon fuel is one of the crucial factors influencing the performance of direct carbon SOFCs (DC-SOFCs). In this paper, a novel Boudouard reaction catalyst derived from steel slag was first introduced into DC-SOFCs for improving the electrochemical performance. The catalytic activity of the steel slag was activated using the molten alkali method to decompose the inert mineral phases of the raw material. The steel slag–derived catalyst was loaded on the activated charcoal by a wet ball milling method. This kind of catalyst can match up to the readily available solid carbon fuels in cost. Promoted by this highly active Boudouard reaction catalyst, the initial Boudouard gasification temperature of the carbon fuel decreased by 99°C, and the producing rate of carbon monoxide doubled. Furthermore, the power outputs of the fuel cells increased from 91 to 159 mW cm −2 , and the fuel utilization increased from 17.10% to 46.43% at 825°C. This study demonstrates that the steel slag–derived catalyst is a promising material for the performance improvement of DC-SOFCs and may make a valuable contribution to their commercial application.
研究领域:
能源材料科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.939
Fangyong Yu,Tingting Han,Yishang Wang,Yujiao Xie,Jinjin Zhang,Haibin Sun,Jie Xiao,Naitao Yang
As a new way of power generation , direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) exhibit great potential in solution of energy crisis and environmental pollution. According to the working principle, the cell operation is a kinetically controlled process, and the reverse Boudouard reaction is the rate-determining step of the whole system. In this study, a Sr-based catalyst is successfully introduced to accelerate carbon gasification and thus enhance cell performance of DC-SOFCs. The electrochemical performance of DC-SOFCs operated on coconut active charcoal with various Sr loading contents (3 wt%–10 wt%), are studied and compared with that of DC-SOFCs with traditional Fe-catalyzed carbon fuel. Experimental results demonstrate that the best output of 316 mW cm −2 is achieved from the single cell powered with 5 wt% Sr-loaded coconut active charcoal at 850 °C, higher than those of DC-SOFCs fueled by pure and 5 wt% Fe-loaded active charcoal. The superiority of the Sr-based catalyst is also demonstrated by the operation stability of the corresponding DC-SOFC, which displays a relatively long operation time of 22.68 h at 0.25 A cm −2 with the fuel utilization of 18.3%. The SEM/EDX results indicate that the Sr-based catalyst exhibits good stability without agglomeration during cell operation at high temperature. In addition, the carbon gasification mechanism catalyzed by Sr-based catalyst is also proposed on the basis of these properties. This study indicates that the designed Sr-loaded coconut active charcoal is expected to be an alternative carbon fuel for DC-SOFCs.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Lin Li,Yujiao Xie,Tingting Han,Jinjin Zhang,Fangyong Yu,Gen Li,Jaka Sunarso,Naitao Yang,Yongdan Li
Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) are hopeful high-temperature energy conversion devices with all-solid-state structure, high efficiency, and low emission. The anode catalytic activity is a direct limiting factor in the electrochemical performance of DC-SOFCs. Here, we successfully fabricated a finger-like Ni-based anode/electrolyte in one step, followed by infiltrating BaO within the anode, which significantly improved the anodic reaction and DC-SOFC performance. At 850 °C, the BaO/Ni-YSZ anode-supported DC-SOFC gave the optimal output of 505 and 825 mW cm −2 powering by activated carbon and hydrogen, respectively, which were significantly superior to those of the cell with traditional Ni-YSZ anode. Moreover, DC-SOFC with BaO/Ni-YSZ anode exhibited more stable operation for 20.9 h under 100 mA at 850 °C, giving a relatively high fuel utilization of 23.4 %. These excellent performances can be partially attributed to the smaller particle sizes and more grain boundaries of the BaO/Ni-YSZ anode due to the BaO infiltration, which effectively enhanced the ionic conductivity and mechanical strength of the anode. More importantly, density functional theory simulation revealed that the infiltrated BaO in the Ni-YSZ anode enhanced the adsorption ability of Ni sites for carbon monoxide and oxygen ions, which led to the increased differential charge densities and the reduction in the energy barrier of electrochemical oxidation reaction, thus effectively improving DC-SOFC performance and conversion efficiency.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 7.139
Tingting Han,Yuxi Wu,Lin Li,Ziheng Xie,Yujiao Xie,Jinjin Zhang,Xiuxia Meng,Fangyong Yu,Naitao Yang
Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) is one of the most attractive thesises for clean and efficient utilization of solid carbon to produce electricity. According to the operating principle, DC-SOFC performance is closely associated with the carbon sources and catalysts of the reverse Boudouard reaction . Here, we report a high-performance DC-SOFC powered by the biochar derived from sunflower seed shell (SSS) with barium-based catalyst loaded. The physicochemical properties of the SSS biochar are characterized and analyzed detailly. The electrolyte-supported symmetrical SOFC fueled with the SSS biochar gives an output of 216 mW cm −2 at 850 °C, indicating a great potential of the SSS biochar for DC-SOFCs. More importantly, the best output of 265 mW cm −2 and open circuit voltage of 1.03 V are obtained from DC-SOFC operated on 5 wt% barium-loaded SSS biochar, which is comparable to the output of 273 mW cm −2 from the hydrogen-fueled SOFC at 850 °C with the identical configuration. The superiorities of the SSS biochar and barium-based catalyst are also reflected in the operation stability and fuel utilization of DC-SOFCs. The discharge platforms are stable and the longest lifetime is up to 28.0 h under 50 mA with the fuel utilization of 31.3%, which is very excellent and competitive. This work provides a new idea for the effective utilization of the SSS biochar and other biomass for DC-SOFCs.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Ke Miao,Tingting Han,Yuxi Wu,Lei Yu,Yujiao Xie,Jinjin Zhang,Fangyong Yu,Naitao Yang
Efficient and stable operation of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) hinges upon the kinetics of the reverse Boudouard reaction. Crop straw, possessing exceptional physicochemical properties, exhibits great potential to promote the reverse Boudouard reaction and cell performance. Here, we successfully developed two representative biochars derived from sesame and eggplant straw, conducting thorough physicochemical characterization and evaluating their application in DC-SOFCs. Results revealed a substantial impact of biochar intrinsic properties on DC-SOFC performance. At 850 °C, the single cell employing sesame straw biochar achieved the highest output of 228 mW cm −2 , while the DC-SOFC fueled with eggplant straw biochar yielded 214 mW cm −2 , both surpassing the 173 mW cm −2 output of the activated carbon-powered cell. Furthermore, the sesame straw biochar-fueled cell exhibited the longest operational lifetime of 30.7 h, with a fuel utilization as high as 34.4% at 850 °C and 50 mA. Similarly, the operational lifetime and fuel utilization of the eggplant straw biochar-fueled DC-SOFC were recorded as 21.1 h and 23.6%, respectively. These outcomes consistently outperformed activated carbon-powered DC-SOFC, demonstrating the crucial role of crop straw-derived biochar in enhancing DC-SOFC stability and efficiency. The improved cell performance was ascribed to the biochar's porous structure, larger specific surface area, more disordered carbon, and naturally occurring metal catalysts, which effectively accelerated the reverse Boudouard reaction and ensured an abundant provision of carbon monoxide for DC-SOFC operation.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.175
Wei Wang,Zhijun Liu,Yapeng Zhang,Peipei Liu,Qianyuan Qiu,Mingyang Zhou,Meilin Liu,Jiang Liu
A four-cell-in-series stack of solid oxide fuel cell is fabricated on a single yttrium-stabilized-zirconia electrolyte plate which is fabricated by tape casting technique. The slurry for the tape casting process is characterized and optimized through Zeta potential and viscosity measurements. The optimal slurry is used to prepare the electrolyte plate, with electrical connecting holes, for the stack. The stack is operated directly with 5 wt% Fe-loaded activated carbon as the fuel. With a total effective area of 8.8 cm 2 and carbon fuel of 5 g, this direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell stack shows an open circuit voltage of 3.82 V and an output power of 2.2 W at 820 °C. It gives a discharging platform of over 3.0 V for 10.5 h with a constant discharging current of 200 mA, at 800 °C. Then voltage drops to zero after discharging for 14 h, releasing a discharging energy of 8.6 W h. This work shows a possibility of developing direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells for applications of portable or distributed power sources.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
·
2021
·Vol. 46
·期 4
·4965-4974
·
IF 5.164
Weizi Cai,Xin Tong,Xiaomin Yan,Hualing Li,Yuzhi Li,Xinyu Gao,Yanning Guo,Weichuang Wu,Daishuang Fu,Xingkai Huang,Jiang Liu,Hailin Wang
Summary The inefficient application of fossil energy is one of the fundamental factors leading to global warming. Bioenergy is a renewable energy and also a carbon-neutral energy, with advantages of extensive sources, diverse products, and environmental friendliness. Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) is a novel high-efficient bioenergy technology, which is able to directly convert the chemical energy of biochar into power. A biochar derived from rice husk is applied to power an electrolyte-supported DC-SOFC. The maximum power density of the cell with pure rice husk biochar is 135 mW cm −2 at 850°C, which enhances to 214 mW cm −2 after using a Boudouard reaction catalyst. The microstructures, components and thermochemical parameters of the biochar are characterized and analyzed. The results show that the microstructure of the rice husk biochar is rough and porous. Na, K, Mg, Al, and other elements are found to present in the biochar. The physicochemical properties of the biochar and the enhanced electrical output of the DC-SOFCs are demonstrated and discussed in detail.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2018
·
IF 6.945
Haoran Xu,Bin Chen,Houcheng Zhang,Peng Tan,Guangming Yang,John T.S. Irvine,Meng Ni
In this paper, 2D models for direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) with in situ catalytic steam-carbon gasification reaction are developed. The simulation results are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. The performance of DC-SOFCs with and without catalyst are compared at different operating potential, anode inlet gas flow rate and operating temperature. It is found that adding suitable catalyst can significantly speed up the in situ steam-carbon gasification reaction and improve the performance of DC-SOFC with H 2 O as gasification agent . The potential of syngas and electricity co-generation from the fuel cell is also evaluated, where the composition of H 2 and CO in syngas can be adjusted by controlling the anode inlet gas flow rate. In addition, the performance DC-SOFCs and the percentage of fuel in the outlet gas are both increased with increasing operating temperature. At a reduced temperature (below 800 °C), good performance of DC-SOFC can still be obtained with in-situ catalytic carbon gasification by steam. The results of this study form a solid foundation to understand the important effect of catalyst and related operating conditions on H 2 O-assisted DC-SOFCs.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Zhibin Lu,Liang Wang,Xiaohui Qiu,Zheqin Chen,Yongmin Xie,Yan Liu,Ruixiang Wang
Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) offer the potential for clean and efficient conversion of chemical energy in carbon fuels into electricity. However, the reverse Boudouard gasification of carbon requires a high operating temperature (≥800 °C), which hinders the development of DC-SOFCs. We present a completely sealed DC-SOFC with in situ steam-carbon gasification. The cells have a symmetrical cell structure (Ag–Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 1.9 /La 0.9 Sr 0.1 Ga 0.8 Mg 0.2 O 3−δ /Ag–Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 1.9 ) and are loaded with K-loaded activated carbon fuel. Ca(OH) 2 and Li 4 SiO 4 are loaded into the anode chamber as the steam feedstock and CO 2 sorbent, respectively. Completely sealed DC-SOFCs with Ca(OH) 2 –C of 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 % have been tested at 700 °C. Compared with a cell with a conventional structure and a completely sealed cell without Ca(OH) 2 loading, the electrochemical performances of all the completely sealed cells with Ca(OH) 2 loading are significantly enhanced. The cell with Ca(OH) 2 to C of 15 % obtained the highest maximum power density of 75 mW cm −2 , which is approximately two-fold that of the conventional DC-SOFC. The mechanism for improving the performance of the cell is the introduction of steam. This study offers a new method to develop high-performance DC-SOFCs and reduce their operating temperatures.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）