Icing has been proven to be one of the main factors causing aviation accidents. Therefore, the development of convenient and intelligent icing detection technology for airplanes in high-cold areas before takeoff is of great significance to ensure its flight safety. Herein, a novel B-based phosphorescent material (h-PA/BA) was simply fabricated by heat treatment of boric acid (BA) and phenylboric acid (PA) precursors. The obtained h-PA/BA emits blue fluorescence (FL) and green phosphorescence (PL) with an observable time for 15 s (PL lifetime 1.203 s). More interestingly, the h-PA/BA can be dispersed well in aqueous solution with quenched PL, but a stronger PL can then be regenerated due to the phase transition from solution to solid (icing) by inhibiting the non-radiative process. The mechanism of PL generation-quenching-recovery for h-PA/BA under different states is studied in detail. By introducing h-PA/BA into commercial deicing liquid (DL), the novel DL developed with an ice warning function (i-DL) can successfully determine whether the airplane is icing according to the changes in FL and PL. This work opens the door to developing novel specific PL materials, which can expand their applications in airplane safety based on the phase-transition-induced phosphorescence during icing.
Hydrogel electrolytes hold great potential as flexible all-in-one supercapacitor materials due to their excellent flexibility and safety features. However, the practical application of common hydrogels as electrolytes is severely restricted because of their inferior mechanical performance, insufficient adhesion to electrode materials, and poor antifreezing properties under harsh conditions. In this study, a hydrogel electrolyte is developed via a phase transition method. The presence of in situ-generated nanocrystals within the hydrogel electrolyte has been confirmed by multiple techniques, significantly enhancing their mechanical properties. Specifically, the toughness of the nanohydrogel electrolyte has been improved by 60-fold, while the elongation at break has tripled. Furthermore, the nanohydrogel electrolyte has strong adhesion to electrode materials. Subsequently, a nanohydrogel-based all-in-one supercapacitor is constructed using polyaniline as the electrode through a convenient powder-coating technique. The supercapacitor achieves an impressive specific capacitance of 527 F/g at 30 °C and maintains a capacitance retention of 97% even after 15,000 cycles. Additionally, the freezing point of the nanohydrogel electrolyte is dramatically decreased to approximately −80 °C with the synergistic introduction of glycol, demonstrating its superior antifreezing characteristics. This nanohydrogel electrolyte can be used to construct flexible supercapacitors in frigid environments, and our design strategy can be expanded to other conductive polymers.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）