MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 23
·5522
·
IF 4.2
Gen Liu,Faxin Du,Zhangjun Yao,Guangzhao Li,Wen Kuang,Chongyu Zhu,Yi Liu,Honglin Chen,Fumei Wang,Ce Zhou,Xueli Wei,Wenyan Wang,Rui Han
Integrating rubber with superior low-temperature capabilities, such as ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), is a strategic approach to bolster the low-temperature performance of fluoroelastomer (FKM). However, FKM and EPDM are thermodynamically incompatible. This work synthetized three EPDM-based polar macromolecular compatibilizers, epoxidized EPDM (EPDM-EP), 2,2-trifluoroethylamine-grafted epoxidized EPDM (EPDM-TF), and 2,4-difluorobenzylamine-grafted epoxidized EPDM (EPDM-DF), to enhance the compatibility between FKM and EPDM. These compatibilizers were subsequently incorporated into FKM/EPDM rubber blends. The results revealed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of FKM/EPDM decreased by 1.3 °C, 2.68 °C, and 2.78 °C, respectively, upon the addition of 10 phr of EPDM-EP, EPDM-TF, or EPDM-DF. Moreover, the Tgof the two phases converged. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength of the FKM/EPDM rubber blends were also enhanced by the inclusion of these compatibilizers. Notably, EPDM-TF and EPDM-DF exhibited remarkable compatibilization effects due to an increase in polarity. This research not only sheds light on the potential for developing new compatibilizers but also paves the way for innovative applications of FKM and its derivatives.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2023
·Vol. 34
·期 5
·1622-1632
·
IF 3.4
Chongdong Yu,Jianxiang Feng,Kailin Feng,Zhixiang Mo,Yulin He,Qingting Wang,Anyang Yu,Zhiwen Leng,Pu Shi,Yuejun Liu
Polylactic acid/starch (PLA/ST) composites are all sustainable origin, have huge cost advantages and degradation tendency to replace petroleum-based plastics. However, thermodynamic incompatibility between PLA and starch dragged the performance far below expectations. Considering that ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE), glycerol triglycidyl ether (GTE), and pentaerythritol glycidyl ether (PGE) have branched multi-epoxy structure, high epoxy value, and excellent wettability, we firstly explored those materials as compatibilizers in PLA/ST composites. The reactive compatibilization between the epoxy groups on EGDE, GTE, and PGE with the hydroxyl groups on PLA and ST is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses. The mechanical properties show that the introduction of only 3 wt% GTE in PLA/ST composites can induce the tensile strength and elongation at break to be increased by 80% and 38%, respectively. The rheological tests indicate that the introduction of only 3 wt% GTE in PLA/ST composites increased the slopes of Han plots from 0.48 to 0.88. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses show that the crystallinity increases with the content of compatibilizer, up to 31%. The reduction of the gap between PLA and starch interfaces characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) demonstrated that the compatibility of PLA and ST was improved. Furthermore, the effects of EGDE, GTE, and PGE with the same epoxy value but different branch chains on the compatibilization of PLA/ST blends are further discussed. The results show that GTE and PGE with star-shaped branched structure has a better compatibilization effect on PLA/ST blends than EGDE with linear branched structure.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Industrial Textiles
·
2018
·
IF 1.283
Feichao Zhu,Juanjuan Su,Mingjun Wang,Munir Hussain,Bin Yu,Jian Han
With increasing demands on the high-performance and environmental-friendly melt-blown nonwovens (MBs) for separation and filtration, herein, we reported a poly(lactic acid)/polyamide 11 (PLA/PA11) 100% bio-based MBs in situ compatibilized by dual-monomer glycidyl methacrylate–styrene melt-grafted poly(lactic acid) (PLA-g-(St-co-GMA)). The morphology, crystallization, thermal and rheological behaviors of reactive extruded PLA/PA11/PLA-g-(St-co-GMA) melt blends were investigated, and the structure and filtration performance of corresponding MBs were fully characterized. The results indicated that the interface between PLA and PA11 were effectively improved due to the compatibilizer of PLA-g-(St-co-GMA). PA11 promoted the cold crystallization and enhanced the thermal stability of PLA matrix. The reactive blends displayed a higher viscosity with unchanged rheological behaviors compared with PLA. In comparison with PLA MBs, the average fiber diameter and pore size of PLA/PA11/PLA-g-(St-co-GMA) MBs were slightly increased, whereas the strength and toughness were significantly improved. All the PLA/PA11/PLA-g-(St-co-GMA) MBs presented high air permeability and low filtration resistance. High filtration efficiency (>99.8%) could also be obtained especially for the target particles with diameters larger than 2.5 µm.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Bangdong Ge,Zongsheng Liu,Yi Zheng,Shiyang Zhu,Meng Ma,Si Chen,Yanqin Shi,Huiwen He,Yulu Zhu,Xu Wang
PC/ABS (polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) alloy has poor mechanical properties due to its poor compatibility and weak interfacial adhesion, which limits its application range. Therefore, it is necessary to compatibilize and modify the PC/ABS alloy to improve the compatibility and enhance the interfacial adhesion of the two phases. Reactive compatibilizers are frequently utilized to enhance the compatibility of incompatible polymer blends. However, traditional reactive compatibilizers often form graft copolymers with asymmetric molecular structure during melt blending, which frequently "migrate in" and "migrate out" under the influence of shear force, leading to a decrease in the compatibilization efficiency of compatibilizers. In this work, ethylene-maleic anhydride alternating copolymer (ZeMac) with more reactive sites was used as a reactive compatibilizer, and amino-terminated polystyrene (PS–NH 2 ) with good compatibility with ABS was synthesized via free radical polymerization. Combined with the difference of affinity between PC, ABS and ZeMac, and the difference of reactivity between PC, PS-NH 2 and ZeMac, a double-comb compatibilizer was constructed in-situ at the interface of the two phases by changing the blending sequence of raw materials in the melt blending process. Firstly, PC was blended with ZeMac, and then blended with ABS and PS-NH 2 to prepare (PC/ZeMac-1)/(ABS/PS-NH 2 -1) alloy with excellent comprehensive properties. Compared with PC/ABS alloy, the notched impact strength of (PC/ZeMac-1)/(ABS/PS-NH 2 -1) alloy increased from 62.0 kJ/m 2 to 90.2 kJ/m 2 , increased by 45 %. It can be seen from the microstructure of the cyclic tensile section that the debonding phenomenon of the PC/ABS alloy interface gradually weakened with the addition of ZeMac and PS-NH 2 , which proved that the compatibility of PC and ABS phases was improved. This study provides a certain reference value for the design of high-efficiency compatibilizers and the preparation of high-performance composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials
·
2020
·
IF 0
Yang Pan,Guangfeng Wu,Huifang Ma,Shujie Zhou,Huixuan Zhang
Herein, graft-modified ethylene-1-octene copolymer (POE-g-GMA) and styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS-g-GMA) were found to be excellent reactive compatibilizers for immiscible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blends via in-situ reaction compatibilization. With increase in compatibilizer amount, uniform phase morphology was observed in all the blends. Thus, exhibiting enhanced mechanical properties, especially, the notched Izod impact strength. In comparison with SBS-g-GMA, compatibilizer POE-g-GMA demonstrated greater impact on the compatibility. The addition of 15% POE-g-GMA produced blends with best mechanical properties. Besides, both POE-g-GMA and SBS-g-GMA enhanced the melt viscosity of PET/HDPE blends.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.879
Liangjun Li,Hangbo Yue,Qiqi Wu,Juan P. Fernández-Blázquez,Peter S. Shuttleworth,James H. Clark,Jianwei Guo
Cottonseed protein (CP) was compounded with polycaprolactone (PCL) in different concentrations by melt blending , and then hot-pressed to prepare CP/PCL blend films. A co-continuous phase is formed when the CP/PCL content is 50/50, and the tensile strength , modulus and toughness are 9, 10, and 63 times greater than that of neat CP film . This remarkable improvement is mainly due to the intrinsic flexibility of long PCL polymer chains, whilst the polymeric crystalline structure can still be formed. Furthermore, 1 wt% of compatibilizing agent — glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) or maleic anhydride (MA), is added to the blends. Measurements from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of chemically reactive compatibilization between the compatibilizer and CP or PCL phase, and the two phases with strong binding forces are well dispersed. Meanwhile, the compatibilizer can induce the protein secondary structure to unfold, further increasing the physical compatibilization between the protein and polymer chains, which has a noticeable contribution to the blend's mechanical, hydrophobic properties and thermal stability. This work adds new element to the knowledge of compatibilization in terms of optimised interfaces of polymer blends , and provide new insights into fabricating high performance protein derived bioplastics and biocomposites .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 29
·期 6
·991-1001
·
IF 2.7
Hua Zhou,Liangdong Ye,Dongming Chen,Ziwei Li,Shanrong Li,Dacheng Li,Zhiyi Huang,Zhouqiao Wei,Shaorong Lu
Graphite is a thermally conductive filler. However, when dispersed into high density poly(ethylene) (HDPE) resin, graphite particles tend to agglomerate and requires a compatibilizer to achieve desired thermal/physical properties. In this study, oleic acid (OA), a bio-based additive and polyethylene-polyamines (PEPA) were used to synthesize a new compatibilizer, PEPA-g-OA, containing numerous NR 2 groups. The experimental results showed that PEPA-g-OA can significantly improve the compatibility between graphite particles and the HDPE matrix due to uniform dispersion of graphite in the HDPE matrix. When the graphite content was 25 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the composite recorded 1.2 W m −1 K −1 (three times that of neat HDPE) and the volume resistivity was 1.8 × 10 9 Ω cm, indicating excellent electrical insulation. Compared to the composites with no graphite content, the properties of the composites with 25 wt% graphite content exhibited narrower melting and crystallization peaks, more stable mechanical properties, and higher ultraviolet aging resistance. Synthesized new bio-based compatibilizer and thermally conductive and electrically insulating composites developed in this study can be useful in different industrial fields for the preparation of the next generation composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Yueqiang Yang,Han Wan,Baiwang Wang,Bitun Wang,Kang Chen,Haiyan Tan,Ce Sun,Yanhua Zhang
Bamboo fiber (BF) is favored by people for its renewability, low cost, fast growth, low density, high hardness, pollution-free, and easy harvesting. However, when preparing composites by blending and extruding BF and degradable plastic PLA , the significant difference in polarity between the two leads to a significant decrease in mechanical properties, which limits the application of BF in bamboo plastic composites. In order to improve the compatibility between PLA and BF, this study used polymerized carbodiimide (PCD) as a compatibilizer to prepare modified BF/PLA composites and investigate the effect of BF content on the composites. The results showed that the addition of PCD increased the flexural strength , flexural modulus , impact strength , tensile modulus and tensile strength of PCD-BF/PLA compared to BF/PLA composites, with the impact strength increasing the most significantly by 20.91 %. Meanwhile, the tensile strength improved by 15.06 % from 55.1 MPa to 63.4 MPa, and the flexural strength improved by 14.82 % from 80.3 MPa to 92.2 MPa. The experimental investigation of BF content revealed that when the ratio of BF to PLA was 4:6, the impact and flexural strength of the BF composites did not significantly decrease, but the flexural modulus and tensile strength increased, with the flexural modulus increasing the most significantly by 90.53 % compared to PLA, while the cost has been reduced by 13.80 %. The porosity experiment also showed that as the BF content increased, when the ratio of BF to PLA was 4:6, the porosity of the composite material was only 3.98 %, which was not further significantly increased compared to 3.62 %. The prepared high proportion biomass can be used in tableware, and other fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2020
·Vol. 31
·期 7
·1602-1611
·
IF 2.578
Yongjie Zhang,Xiaopei Li,Wenqin Zhu,Mingshuai Fan,Shuwei Wang,Minjie Qu,Yi Zhang,Shuai Wang
Polysiloxane/polyolefin copolymers have drawn much attention recently and emerged as a new group of functional polyolefin since they possess distinctive properties and find great potential applications in many areas (eg, compatibilizer, processing aid and surface modifier). However, traditional routes to synthesize polysiloxane/polyolefin copolymers generally require multi-step labor-consuming procedures. Herein, we report a novel one-step synthesis of polydimethylsiloxane graft polyethylene (PDMS- g -PE) mimics. It was found that PDMS- g -PE mimics, namely vinylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane-(C30-45 alkyl)methylsiloxane copolymers (short for VD-AMS), could be formed via a one-step synthetic procedure based on the siloxane equilibrium process between silanol-terminated vinylmethylsiloxane-methylsiloxane copolymer and (C30-45 alkyl)methylsilicone. The chemical structures of VD-AMS were characterized unambiguously using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry. The correlation between reaction conditions and the structural parameters of VD-AMS was established. Based on our experimental results, a plausible mechanism for the synthesis of VD-AMS was proposed. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that VD-AMS could function as an efficient compatibilizer for immiscible PE/silicone blend. Given that the precursors of VD-AMS are commercially available with low prices and that VD-AMS can be easily synthesized under mild conditions, we believe VD-AMS can represent as a competitive potential compatibilizer due to its relatively low cost.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 22
·52234
·
IF 3.057
Changkai Linghu,Lijin Xie,Le Yang,Xiaolong Li,Yao Tao,Yinhan Xu,Zhu Luo
Grafted maleic anhydrides (MAHs) are common compatibilizers, and the Epoxy (EP) group exhibits high activity of epoxy functional groups and strong affinity with both acidic and basic groups. Therefore, high efficiency and broad-spectrum compatibilizers can be obtained by grafting these two monomers onto the polymer molecular chain. In this study, the grafted MAH was used as the graft platform to add the second graft monomer, and the bisphenol A epoxy resin (E51) with two epoxy functional groups or the tri-epoxy functional triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC), was added into the polylactic acid molecular chain, in order to prepare the double-monomer grafted PLA compatibilizers. Three kinds of compatibilizers, polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MAH), polylactic acid double grafted maleic anhydride/bisphenol A epoxy resin (PLA-g-MAH-E51), and polylactic acid double grafted maleic anhydride/triglycidyl isocyanurate (PLA-g-MAH-TGIC) were successfully prepared using this single-step method. Finally, FTIR and 1 H-NMR were adopted to measure the grafting degrees and structures of the grafted products. The grafting degree of PLA-g-MAH20% was 5.36%, the MAH and EP grafting degrees of PLA-g-MAH 20%-E51 6% were 2.47% and 1.15%, respectively, and the MAH and EP grafting degrees of PLA-g-MAH 20%-TGIC6% were 2.30% and 0.93%, respectively. A portion of that EP was grafted onto the PLA molecular chain by reacting with grafted anhydride, resulting in a decrease in the number of grafted anhydride groups.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymer Chemistry
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 6
·544-552
·
IF 4.6
Fuyue Tian,Jing Hu,Yanyan Song,Nanying Ning,Bing Yu,Ming Tian
TPU/MVQ blends are widely used in biomedical electronic equipment, intelligent wearable materials, and other fields. As they are immiscible systems, compatibilization of TPU/MVQ blends is required. Several types of compatibilizers have been developed to enhance the compatibility between TPU and MVQ, but some challenges still exist such as poor amphiphilicity and difficulties in controlling their structures. In this study, modified POSS nanoparticles (NPs) with an octahedral cage structure and reactive functional groups were used as the matrix. POSS nanoparticles with stable amphiphilicity and easily controllable structures were successfully synthesized through grafting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains and chain segments similar to polyurethane (PU). The compatibility with silicone rubber is enhanced by the physical entanglement between PDMS chains and MVQ, while PU analogues enhance the interfacial interaction with TPU through the combined effect of physical entanglement and hydrogen bonding. After compatibilization, the average diameter (Dn) of the dispersed phase with 10 wt% compatibilizers is only ∼1/5 compared with that without a compatibilizer, and the interface thickness is 4.1 times compared with that without a compatibilizer. Moreover, due to the Pickering effect, the obtained system is stable even after annealing at 180 °C, with the Dn value of the dispersed phase only increased by 7.5%, while the Dn value of the dispersed phase increased by 45.1% when using a commercial compatibilizer (silane modified polyurethane, abbreviated as V-165). The amphiphilic POSS nanoparticles not only provide an effective compatibilization solution for the industrial development of TPU/MVQ thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs), but also open up new avenues for the preparation of other incompatible blend materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2014
·
IF 2.235
Zhu Xiong,Xinyan Dai,Ruoyu Zhang,Zhaobin Tang,Haining Na,Jin Zhu
A biobased monofunctional compatibilizer (called Epicard) is first synthesized by the reaction of cardanol with epichlorohydrin as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR. Subsequently, biosourced polymers, polylactide (PLA) and starch, are melt-blended by a twin-screw extruder with Epicard. Confirmed by the measurements of contact angle and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance of the extracted starches from PLA/starch/Epicard blends, the Epicard only possesses a monoepoxy group to mainly react with starch and then increased the hydrophobicity of the starches during the melt-blending process. As a result, an obvious improvement to the interfacial adhesion between starch and PLA is observed by the scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the tensile properties of PLA/starch blends are effectively improved with the addition of Epicard. This study suggests a simple but effective material technique by utilizing a novel plant oil modifier to increase interfacial adhesion in fabricating fully biobased PLA/starch blends with superior tensile properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）