Sugar Tech
·
2020
·Vol. 22
·期 5
·830-841
·
IF 1.198
Chen Shuai,Zheng Wenjing,Liu Weixi,Liu Lei,Sun Weidong
Levulinic acid (LA) is an important biomass-based chemical. The preparation of LA from bagasse is of great practical significance for the comprehensive and efficient utilization of biomass. Biomass bagasse is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The cellulose is mainly degraded to glucose, and hemicellulose is mainly degraded to xylose, with dilute acid treatment at high temperature. In this research, we produced the LA from bagasse with dilute acid treatment at high temperature. The influences of residence time (10–60 min), reaction temperature (170–240 °C), liquid-to-solid ratio (5:1–25:1 mL/g), and acid concentration (1–5%) on the synthesis of LA were investigated by statistical methods, achieving a maximum LA yield of 16.25%. Additionally, LA was isolated and extracted from bagasses hydrolysate by ion exchange and vacuum distillation. The adsorption capacity of different resins was determined and compared. The optimal resin to acquire better adsorption capacity was determined. The better adsorption capacity was obtained when the D301 resin was selected as the filter for ion exchange. The height-to-diameter rate, eluent flow rate, elution volume of ion exchange column were 10, 0.84 BV/h, 56.4 mL, respectively. The eluent was then distilled under vacuum, collecting the components at 130–140 °C. The total yield and purity of LA were 67.1% and 78%, respectively.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生资源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Huaxiao Xie,Pan Deng,Zhentao Zhou,Heng Xiong,Xiumin Chen,Bin Yang,Baoqiang Xu
Lead sulfide and antimony trisulfide are obtained through the vacuum thermal decomposition of Jamesonite. However, in this process, the microscopic mechanism and stability, which affects their deep separation, is unclear. This mechanism was explored under vacuum conditions using thermodynamics and molecular dynamics calculations along with experimental research. At 5 Pa, PbS decomposes and volatilizes at 1173 K and Sb 2 S 3 volatilizes at 923 K. The dynamic simulation results show that PbS are more likely to decompose and generate Pb and S 2 than Sb 2 S 3 . The fracture mode of the bond in the thermal decomposition process of PbS is layer-by-layer expansion between layers. The binding ability of Sb atoms and S atoms is also relatively strong, and the binding volatilizes outward in the form of Sb 2 S 3 . In addition, according to the vacuum distillation experiment, 5 Pa and 923-973 K are considered to be the best separation conditions for separating PbS and Sb 2 S 3 . Under this condition, Sb 2 S 3 is completely volatilized, while PbS is neither volatilized nor decomposed, and the separation rate reaches the maximum. Therefore, this study clarified the decomposition and volatilization mechanism of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 at the theoretical level, and provided guidance for sulfide separation experiments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 3.7
Yingxi Gao,Tong Wei,Jie Wang,Yuming Tu,Zhiyong Zhou,Chencan Du,Zhongqi Ren
Nervonic acid (NA) is a long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid with significant potential for neural fiber repair. In this study, a mixed fatty acid methyl ester was synthesized as the raw material through saponification of Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil. Based on the differences in boiling points and relative volatilities of various components, a four-stage vacuum batch distillation process was employed to enrich the nervonic acid methyl ester (NAME). The effect of distillation process parameters on enrichment efficiency was investigated, including distillation temperature, operating pressure, and reflux ratio. The purity of NAME achieved as 91.20% under optimal conditions and the corresponding yield was 48.91%. To further increase the purity, a low-temperature crystallization process was adopted and a final purity of NAME was obtained as 97.56%. Simulation of the above four-stage batch distillation was conducted using Aspen Plus software, and a continuous distillation processes was further simulated to establish a theoretical basis for future industrial-scale production. The results of experiments and simulation demonstrate that the integrated process of vacuum distillation and low-temperature crystallization exhibits remarkable separation performances, providing robust guidance for the production of high-purity NA.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
VACUUM
·
2021
·
IF 3.627
Zhaowang Dong,Xueyi Guo,Bin Yang,Heng Xiong,Wenlong Jiang
Lead sulfide (PbS) is the main component of galena. The traditional method used to prepare metal lead from galena is disadvantaged by high energy consumption and severe pollution. In this paper, an eco-friendly yet simple process is proposed to prepare high-purity metal lead directly from lead sulfide. According to thermodynamic calculation, lead sulfide can be decomposed into metal lead under vacuum. The pathway to decomposition is based on the reaction of 2PbS (s) = 2 Pb (l) + S 2 (g). Besides, an investigation was conducted into the impact of temperature and holding time on the quality of decomposition products and the purity of lead in residue. The investigative results show that the decomposition rate of lead sulfide reached its maximum at 1050 °C for 60 min, which is about 50%, and the purity of the lead in the residue reached 99.51%. When the temperature reached above 1100 °C and the holding time exceeded 40 min, the purity of lead reached as high as 99.81%, but the quality of the residue stayed low. This method contributes a fresh idea to the eco-friendly utilization and efficient purification of galena for preparing high-purity metal lead.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Yang Huan,Meng Chaosong,Wei Xiaohui,Xiong Heng,Kong Xiangfeng,Yang Bin,Xu Baoqiang,Dong Zhaowang,He Yuhong
Lead sulfide (PbS) has substantial potential for applications in many fields, such as optical devices and solar cells. Although PbS can be obtained from complex lead-antimony sulfide ores by vacuum distillation, the evaporation mechanism of PbS under vacuum is still unclear. Herein, the evaporation kinetics of PbS at 973 K to 1173 K and 5 to 1000 Pa were investigated using a vacuum thermogravimetric furnace. The practical evaporation rate of PbS was obtained through linear and nonlinear fitting of the experimental data compared with the original theoretical evaporation rate and corrected for the Langmuir maximum evaporation coefficient. The evaporation coefficients and critical pressures of PbS at 973 K, 1023 K, 1073 K, 1123 K, and 1173 K were 0.5225, 0.4056, 0.2080, 0.1995, and 0.1007 as well as 12.49, 16.67, 20.83, 24.19, and 30.15 Pa, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the evaporation rate conforms to the logistic nonlinear model, and the critical pressure is positively correlated with temperature. This paper provides a kinetic data base for PbS vacuum evaporation and also provides a reference for improving the process conditions and production equipment parameters of PbS vacuum distillation. Meanwhile, it improves and develops the theory and practice of vacuum distillation for the preparation of high-purity sulfides and fills the gap of basic kinetic data of nonferrous sulfides.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Fundamental Research
·
2022
·
IF 0
Zhenghao Pu,Wei Wang,Zhe Wang,Mingyin Kou,Yiwa Luo,Jianbang Ge,Xin Tao,Mingyong Wang,Shuqiang Jiao
Despite its existence for more than 80 years, the titanium industry is still challenged by massive carbon emissions, high production costs, and large resource waste. More than one hundred million tons of Ti−bearing blast furnace slag (TB−slag) has been discarded in China because of the difficulty of reutilization, which requires efficient titanium extraction and recovery technologies. This paper describes a low−cost, carbon−emission−free method for Ti extraction and oxygen evolution via molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) vacuum distillation. After a comprehensive analysis of the binding energies and activities of liquid metals, the highlights of our study are as follows. 1) Sb has the best preferential deposition of Ti among a series of high−Ti−affinitive liquid metal cathodes (Cu, Ni, Pb, Sn, and Sb). 2) The Ir anode was first used in TB−slag with IrO 2 formed on its surface to protect it from further corrosion. 3) An alloy containing Ti and Ca can be obtained by MOE, and Ti and Ca metals can be refined by further vacuum distillation. 4) A closed loop is formed in the overall process owing to the recyclable Sb cathode and continuous feeding of TB−slag into the electrolyte. This simple, low−cost, and environmentally friendly method can realize the efficient utilization of Ti resources and achieve carbon neutrality.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2022
·
IF 5.479
Jinping Ma,Chi Zhang,Daxin Huang,Bin Yang,Yang Tian,Baoqiang Xu,Hongwei Yang,Xiumin Chen,Changming Chen,Yifu Li
Recovering valuable resources from waste sulfur slag is profoundly significant in terms of making profit and encouraging sustainable development within the tin industry. Sulfur slag is a hazardous waste , and a substantial amount of tin and cuprous sulfide is present in waste sulfur slag. However, tin and cuprous sulfide readily react to form stable metal compounds, which creates a barrier for effective sulfur slag recovery. The separation of copper-tin is essential for the efficient recovery and reuse of sulfur slag. In this paper, the physical composition and structural characteristics of the microstructure of sulfur slag were systematically characterized and confirmed. Thermodynamic calculations were then carried out to analyze the sulfuration reaction mechanism of tin and cuprous sulfide during the airtight sulfuration process and to study the volatilization of stannous sulfide and the decomposition properties of copper sulfide under vacuum conditions. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the products of tin and cuprous sulfide after being sulfided were SnS, SnS 2 , Sn 2 S 3 and CuS, but they decomposed and existed in the form of SnS and Cu 2 S. According to the difference of saturated vapor pressure , SnS and Cu 2 S can be separated under the vacuum condition with high temperature. Finally, experiments were conducted to verify the reliability of the thermodynamic analysis, with good agreement between the two. The extraction purities of stannous sulfide and cuprous sulfide reached 97.87 % and 97.70 %, respectively. The direct yield of tin and copper were 99.66 % and 99.27 %, respectively. The separation efficiency of tin and copper was 99.81 %. The results confirmed that the airtight sulfuration-vacuum distillation method is a feasible alternative for high-value metal resource recovery and reuse from waste sulfur slag. This research contributes to the understanding of the recovery of metal resources from sulfur slag with the airtight sulfuration-vacuum distillation process, showing that it is a significant competitive alternative to existing sulfur slag recovery methods.
研究领域:
冶金工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2018
·
IF 13.709
Yongling An,Yuan Tian,Lijie Ci,Shenglin Xiong,Jinkui Feng,Yitai Qian
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered favorable candidates for post-lithium-ion batteries, a quality attributed to their low cost, abundance as a resource, and high working potential (−2.93 V for K+/K). Owning to its relatively low potassiation potential and high theoretical capacity, antimony (Sb) is one of the most favorable anodes for KIBs. However, the large volume changes during K–Sb alloying and dealloying causes fast capacity degradation. In this report, nanoporous Sb (NP-Sb) is fabricated by an environmentally friendly vacuum-distillation method. The NP-Sb is formed via evaporating low-boiling-point zinc (Zn). The byproduct Zn can be recycled. It is further found that the morphology and porosity can be controlled by adjusting Zn–Sb composition and distillation temperature. The nanoporous structure can accommodate volume expansion and accelerate ion transport. The NP-Sb anode delivers an improved electrochemical performance. These results suggest that the vacuum-distillation method may provide a direction for the green, large-scale, and tunable fabrication of nanoporous materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Zhaowang Dong,Zhentao Zhou,Heng Xiong,Bin Yang,Yongnian Dai
Jamesonite is a significant complex mineral containing antimony, lead, iron and other elements. At present, the traditional smelting method has high sulfur dioxide pollution and low metal recovery. This paper puts forward a method of treating jamesonite by vacuum distillation. The decomposition behavior of jamesonite (Pb 4 FeSb 6 S 14 ) in argon and 10 Pa, the volatilization of pure sulfides and the vacuum distillation behavior of jamesonite under 10 Pa were also studied. The separation of lead and antimony via two methods, namely multi-step condensation and one-step multi-stage condensation was developed. The results show that the initial decomposition temperature of jamesonite is higher than 600 °C in argon and about 500 °C at 10 Pa. The final decomposition products are antimony trisulfide, lead sulfide and ferrous sulfide. The decomposition temperature can be effectively reduced under negative pressure. Pure antimony sulfide volatilizes violently at 630 °C-760 °C, and pure lead sulfide sublimates violently at 887–1098 °C, respectively. The purity of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide obtained by multi-step condensation experiment is 99.12% and 98.74%, respectively. The purity of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide obtained by one-step multi-stage condensation is 98.12% and 89.26%, respectively. Zinc sulfide is also enriched by a multi-stage condensation, with a purity of 99.40%. This method can achieve the separation of Sb 2 S 3 and PbS directly from jamesonite, significantly reduce the production cost compared to the traditional process.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2020
·
IF 2.678
Xiaomei Zhang,Li Dou,Chengsong Peng,Liang Shi,Xiaoli Ji
A new method involving a coupling reaction and vacuum distillation (RVD) was introduced to prepare the β -CD cross-linking polymeric adsorbent (PCD RVD ). The preparation conditions, including the molar ratio of cross-linking agent and β -CD, dosage of the solvent, reaction time, and vacuum distillation temperature and time, were investigated in detail. Compared with a product prepared at normal pressure, PCD RVD possessed a lower content of β -CD, a higher content of carboxyl groups, a lower adsorption selectivity, and a higher efficiency as well as adsorption capacity to remove dyes methylene blue (MB), and Rhodamine B (RhB), methyl orange (MO). The PCD RVD was characterised by FT-IR, TG, and SEM, and was employed for the adsorption of MB and RhB from an aqueous solution. Results showed that the adsorption quantity of MB ( Q e,MB ) was higher than that of Q e,RhB , except in the acidic medium. The equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model, and the calculated Q m,MB and Q m,RhB were 250.0 mg/g and 231.5 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics fitted the pseudo-second-order model. It was inferred that PCD RVD exhibited a high adsorption capacity for both dyes due to its more homogeneous polymeric network formed during RVD and the higher content of carboxyl groups. The differences between Q e,MB and Q e,RhB were mainly attributed to the size of MB and RhB.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Xingyu Shao,Wei Feng,Wenqian Wu,Zichao Guo,Wanghua Chen
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a key solvent for Octogen (HMX) recrystallization, faces challenges in safe recovery and cyclic use due to thermal instability. This study has developed a Wiped Film Evaporator/Distillation coupled (WFE) technology to achieve efficient DMSO recovery from HMX-contaminated solutions. Compared to the conventional vacuum distillation, this technique could significantly increase the effective recycle time of DMSO. Optimal parameters (115°C jacket temperature, 0.005 MPa operational pressure, 6 mL/min feeding speed) were determined via Response Surface Methodology (RSM), yielding > 95.5 wt% DMSO purity with < 0.03 wt% decomposition. The method enabled at least 21 reuse cycles without compromising HMX recrystallization quality ( β -crystal structure confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), defect-free morphology via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)). The safety of the recovery process can be achieved through lower jacket temperatures. Thermal analysis (Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC)/ Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)) validated that no significant decomposition of DMSO and HMX was present at the jacket temperature of 115°C. This improvement is attributed to the lower pressure drop and higher heat transfer efficiency of the wiped film evaporator relative to conventional reboiler. This work provides a sustainable strategy for solvent recycling in energetic material industries, balancing efficiency, safety, and cost-effectiveness.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
绿色化学
·
溶剂回收技术
·
含能材料工业
·
可持续工艺
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2018
·
IF 13.709
Yongling An,Huifang Fei,Guifang Zeng,Lijie Ci,Shenglin Xiong,Jinkui Feng,Yitai Qian
Silicon is considered as one of the most favorable anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Nanoporous silicon is synthesized via a green, facile, and controllable vacuum distillation method from the commercial Mg2Si alloy. Nanoporous silicon is formed by the evaporation of low boiling point Mg. In this method, the magnesium metal from the Mg2Si alloy can be recycled. The pore sizes of nanoporous silicon can be secured by adjusting the distillated temperature and time. The optimized nanoporous silicon (800 °C, 0.5 h) delivers a discharge capacity of 2034 mA h g–1 at 200 mA g–1 for 100 cycles, a cycling stability with more than 1180 mA h g–1 even after 400 cycles at 1000 mA g–1, and a rate capability of 855 mA h g–1 at 5000 mA g–1. The electrochemical properties might be ascribed to its porous structure, which may accommodate large volume change during the cycling process. These results suggest that the green, scalable, and controllable approach may offer a pathway for the commercialization of high-performance Si anodes. This method may also be extended to construct other nanoporous materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）