MOLECULES
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2013
·Vol. 18
·期 5
·5684-5696
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IF 2.428
Xin Chao Liu,Li Gang Zhou,Zhi Long Liu,Shu Shan Du
The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil ofAcorus calamusrhizomes, its insecticidal activity against the booklouse, (Liposcelis bostrychophila) and to isolate any insecticidal constituents from the essential oil. The essential oil ofA. calamusrhizomes was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 32 components of the essential oil ofA. calamusrhizomes was identified and the principal compounds in the essential oil were determined to be α-asarone (50.09%), (E)-methylisoeugenol (14.01%), and methyleugenol (8.59%), followed by β-asarone (3.51%), α-cedrene (3.09%) and camphor (2.42%). Based on bioactivity-guided fractionation, the three active constituents were isolated from the essential oil and identified as methyleugenol, (E)-methylisoeugenol and α-asarone. The essential oil exhibited contact toxicity againstL. bostrychophilawith an LD50value of 100.21 µg/cm2while three constituent compounds, α-asarone, methyleugenol, and (E)-methylisoeugenol had LD50values of 125.73 µg/cm2, 103.22 µg/cm2and 55.32 µg/cm2, respectively. Methyleugenol and (E)-methylisoeugenol possessed fumigant toxicity againstL. bostrychophilaadults with LC50values of 92.21 μg/L air and 143.43 μg/L air, respectively, while the crude essential oil showed an LC50value of 392.13 μg/L air. The results indicate that the essential oil ofA. calamusrhizomes and its constituent compounds have potential for development into natural fumigants/insecticides for control of the booklice.Keywords:Acorus calamus;Liposcelis bostrychophila;fumigant;contact toxicity;essential oil composition
研究领域:
植物学
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昆虫学
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天然产物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Metabolites
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 3
·175
·
IF 3.7
Liang Chen,Jiaxin Li,Chengwei Fang,Jiepeng Wang
Background/Objectives: Epilepsy is a common chronic and recurrent neurological disorder that poses a threat to human health, andAcorus tatarinowiiSchott (ATS), a traditional Chinese medicine, is used to treat it. This study aimed to determine its effects on plasma metabolites. Moreover, the possible mechanism of its intervention in epilepsy was preliminarily explored, combined with network pharmacology. Methods: An epileptic model of rats was established using pentylenetetrazol. The potential targets and pathways of ATS were predicted by network pharmacology. Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometrynce Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometryance Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry and statistical analyses were used to profile plasma metabolites and identify ATS’s effects on epilepsy. Results: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that ATS was involved in regulating multiple signaling pathways, mainly including the neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction and GABAerGamma-aminobutyrate transaminaseAminobutyrate Transaminaseapse signaling pathway. ATS treatment restored 19 metabolites in epiGamma-aminobutyrate transaminaseminobutyrate Transaminase rats, affecting lysine, histidine, and purine metabolism. GABA-T was found as a new key target for treating epilepsy with ATS. The IC50of ATS for inhibiting GABA-T activity was 57.9 μg/mL. Through metabolomic analysis, we detected changes in the levels of certain metabolites related to the GABAergic system. These metabolite changes can be correlated with the targets and pathways predicted by network pharmacology. One of the limitations of this study is that the correlation analysis between altered metabolites and seizure severity remains unfinished, which restricts a more in-depth exploration of the underlying biological mechanisms. In the future, our research will focus on conducting a more in-depth exploration of the correlation analysis between altered metabolites and seizure severity. Conclusions: These results improved our understanding of epilepsy and ATS treatment, potentially leading to better therapies. The identification of key metabolites and their associated pathways in this study offers potential novel therapeutic targets for epilepsy. By modulating these metabolites, future therapies could be designed to better manage the disorder. Moreover, the insights from network pharmacology can guide the development of more effective antiepileptic drugs, paving the way for improved clinical outcomes for patients.
研究领域:
神经科学
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中药学
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代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Biology-Basel
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2025
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·488
·
IF 3.5
Liang Chen,Jiaxin Li,Wenhui Zhang,Jiepeng Wang
Simple SummaryAcorus tatarinowiiSchott (ATS) is a plant-based medicine that has been used historically to manage epilepsy, but its exact mechanisms are still not fully understood. This lack of clarity limits its use in clinical treatments. To explore how ATS might help prevent epilepsy, we used a rat model with chronic epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). We analyzed the brain’s chemical makeup using a technique called UPLC/MS and identified key differences with statistical methods like PCA and OPLS-DA. We also looked at the gut bacteria using 16S rRNA sequencing. Our results showed that giving ATS orally (50 mg/kg) significantly improved seizure latency and pathology in epileptic rats. Important factors included changes in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and gut flora. These findings provide a foundation for further research into ATS’s potential as an epilepsy treatment.As a phytotherapeutic agent with historical applications in epilepsy management,Acorus tatarinowiiSchott (ATS) remains pharmacologically enigmatic, particularly regarding its pathophysiological mechanisms. This knowledge gap significantly hinders the clinical application of ATS-based treatments. To explore the potential of ATS in combating epileptogenesis, we utilized a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced chronic epilepsy rat model. Brain metabolomic analysis was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed for screening differential metabolites. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and examined using Spearman correlation analysis. The results show that oral ATS (50 mg/kg) significantly improved the seizure latency and pathology of rats with epilepsy. Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and intestinal flora were crucial for ATS’s ability to counteract epilepsy. The therapeutic effects of ATS against epilepsy were investigated with brain metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis, providing the basis for further comprehensive research.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
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代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2021
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IF 4.821
Wei Wei,Qiang Han,Sheng Tian,Yanping Wang,Huiying Zhang,Haibo Wang,Qionglin Liang
The separation of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is of great significance in determining the efficacy of TCM as well as the pharmacological study of active ingredients, improving the scope of application of TCM and the efficiency of disease prevention and treatment. In the current study, we have successfully synthesized a core–shell structure magnetic microsphere Fe 3 O 4 -COF for the separation of α-asarone and β-asarone in the combined decoction of Acorous Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR) and Polygalae Radix (PR). The successful synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 -COF was demonstrated chemically and morphologically by using five characterizations such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Extraction conditions were investigated and optimized, including adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, sample pH value, elution solvent, elution time and volume of elution solution. Under the optimal experimental conditions, we got a low limit of detection (LOD) of α-asarone and β-asarone were 0.0379 μg/mL and 0.0432 μg/mL, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 2.3%. And the number and intensity of impurity peaks in the chromatogram after extraction of complex samples were significantly reduced and the good recoveries were still maintained after multiple extractions of complex samples, which showed satisfied specific adsorption and excellent resistance to matrix interference. The successful establishment of this method will provide a new direction for the separation and analysis of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.
研究领域:
药学化学
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分析化学
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中药学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Qian Yu,Xian Qiu,Jing Zhong,Chao Cao,Yuechan Liao,Zhiwei Zeng,Dawei Zhang,Chunyan Yan
Acorus tatarinowii , a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is used for the clinical treatment of memory impairment and dementia. In this research, AT50, the crude polysaccharide extracted from A. tatarinowii rhizome, significantly improved the memory and learning ability of mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and exerted excellent anti-neuroinflammatory effects. More importantly, AT50 returned the levels of NO, TNF- α , IL-1 β , PGE-2, and IL-6 in AD mouse brains to normal levels. To identify the active ingredients in AT50, a heteropolysaccharide ATP50–3 was obtained from AT50. Structural analysis indicated ATP50–3 consisted of α -L-Ara f -(1→, →2)- α -L-Ara f -(1→, →3)- α -L-Ara f -(1→, →5)- α -L-Ara f -(1→, α -D-Xyl p -(1→, →3,4)- β -D-Xyl p -(1→, →3)- α -D-Gal p -(1→, →3,6)- α -D-Gal p -(1→, →6)-4-OAc- α -D-Gal p -(1→, →3,4,6)- α -D-Gal p -(1→, →4)- α -D-Glc p -(1→, →2,3,6)- β -D-Glc p -(1→, →4,6)- α -D-Man p -(1→, →3,4)- α -L-Rha p -(1→, →4)- α -D-Gal p A-(1→, and →4)- α -D-Glc p A-(1 → residues and terminated with Xyl and Ara. Additionally, ATP50–3 significantly inhibited the release of proinflammatory factors in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells. ATP50–3 may be an active constituent of AT50, responsible for its anti-neuroinflammatory effects, with great potential to treat AD.
研究领域:
药理学
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神经科学
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传统中药
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Zhichao Wang,Yajun Shi,Fei Luan,Dongyan Guo,XiaoFei Zhang,Bingtao Zhai,Liang Feng,Junbo Zou
Essential oils, key active components in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with broad pharmacological activities, are prone to oxidation and degradation during storage and use, limiting their clinical application. This study, guided by the concept of "combination of medicine and adjuvant", uses PEG 20,000 modified artificial bezoar (MAB) as a Pickering emulsion stabilizer to encapsulate Acorus tatarinowii essential oil (ATEO). The MAB shows increased contact angle and remarkable changes in surface morphology and chemical structure. Single-factor experiments optimize the emulsion preparation conditions: MAB concentration at 15 mg/mL, oil phase volume fraction at 60 %, shear rate at 12,000 rpm, and shear time at 2 min. The resulting Pickering emulsion is of O/W type, with a particle size of 1300 nm and a zeta potential of 32.50 mV, exhibiting good stability. Ozone stability tests reveal that the Pickering emulsion effectively reduces the peroxide value (POV) and malondialdehyde value (MDA) of ATEO, curbing the oxidative degradation of its major components. In vitro and in vivo release behavior studies show that the Pickering emulsion encapsulated ATEO exhibits different regulatory effects on α- and β-asarone. Overall, this study offers a novel and effective strategy for enhancing the oxidative stability of essential oils in TCM.
研究领域:
药剂学
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中医药学
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食品科学
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材料科学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2015
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IF 4.074
Wuxia Zhang,Dan Song,Dan Xu,Tingting Wang,Lu Chen,Jinyou Duan
Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, three novel polysaccharides designated RATPW, RATPS1 and RATPS2 were isolated from Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography. Their structures were characterized using physicochemical and spectral methods. Chemical analysis indicated that RATPW (6.5 × 10 3 Da) mainly composed of glucose and fructose. RATPS1 (1.5 × 10 5 Da) contained galactose and arabinose, while RATPS2 (5.3 × 10 4 Da) contained ∼49.5% galacturonic acid along with rhamnose, fructose, galactose, and arabinose. In vitro , RATPS2 showed the most significant scavenging activity on DPPH and hydroxyl radical. Three polysaccharides could protect the PC12 cells from H 2 O 2 -induced damage. Immunological tests indicated that both RATPW and RATPS2 significantly stimulated NO production and phagocytic activity in RAW264.7, and promoted splenocyte proliferation. These data suggested that polysaccharides RATPW and RATPS2 had the potential as novel natural sources of antioxidative and immunopotentiating agents.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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免疫学
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传统中药
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2020
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IF 3.69
Jun Li,Ming Li,Ke Ye,Qixin Jiang,Mi Wang,Xiaodong Wen,Jie Yang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Xian-He-Cao-Chang-Yan formula (XHCF) is consisting of six crude drugs including Agrimoniae Herba, Coptidis Rhizoma , Aucklandiae Radix, Cicadae Periostracum, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and Platycodonis Radix at the ratio of 5:1.5:1.5:1.5:1.5:1. It has been used to improve syndromes of ulcerative colitis (UC) for many years. Aim of the study This study was designed to study the bioactive ingredients and therapeutic mechanisms of XHCF. Materials and methods The chemical profile of XHCF was characterized by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The effects and mechanisms of XHCF on UC were investigated in colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Results A total of 103 compounds were characterized in XHCF. XHCF could effectively improve acute colitis induced by DSS. More importantly, XHCF significantly decreased M1 macrophage markers (CD11c, IL-6 and IL-1β) whereas increased M2 macrophage markers (CD206) in colitis mice, suggesting it could regulate macrophage polarization. Furthermore, the levels of HK2 and lactic acid in colon tissues were significantly reduced by XHCF, indicating that XHCF could inhibit glycolysis. It also down-regulated HK2 expression in macrophages challenged by LPS. In addition, XHCF enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK both in vivo and in vitro , suggesting the involvement of AMPK in XHCF function. Conclusions XHCF ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice via inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization, probably by the modulation of macrophage metabolic reprogramming via AMPK, contributing to its anti-inflammatory activity. The synergistic actions of multiple ingredients might be responsible for the therapeutic benefits of XHCF on UC.
研究领域:
药理学
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免疫学
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胃肠病学
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中医
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）