Kai Liu,Fei Ding,Jiaquan Liu,Qingqing Zhang,Xingjiang Liu,Jinli Zhang,Qiang Xu
A cross-linking succinonitrile (SN)-based composite polymer electrolyte (referred to as “CLPC–CPE”), in which vinyl-functionalized SiO2 particles connect with trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylate (TPPTA) monomers by covalent bonds, was prepared by an ultraviolet irradiation (UV-curing) process successfully. Vinyl-functionalized SiO2 particles may react with TPPTA monomers to form a cross-linking network within the SN-based composite polymer electrolyte under ultraviolet irradiation. Vinyl-functionalized SiO2 particles as the fillers of polymer electrolyte may improve both the thermal stability of CLPC–CPE and interfacial compatibility between CLPC–CPE and electrodes effectively. There is no weight loss for CLPC–CPE until above 230 °C. The ionic conductivity of CLPC–CPE may reach 7.02 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 25 °C. CLPC–CPE has no significant oxidation current until up to 4.6 V (vs Li/Li+). The cell of LiFePO4/CLPC–CPE/Li has presented superior cycle performance and rate capability. The cell of LiFePO4/CLPC–CPE/Li may deliver a high discharge capacity of 154.4 mAh g–1 at a rate of 0.1 C after 100 charge–discharge cycles, which is similar than that of the control cell of LiFePO4/liquid electrolyte/Li. Furthermore, the cell of LiFePO4/CLPC–CPE/Li can display a high discharge capacity of 112.7 mAh g–1 at a rate of 2 C, which is higher than that of the cells assembled with other plastic crystal polymer electrolyte reported before obviously.
Xuan Zhang,Chao Wei,Ying-Jie Hao,Xi Yan,Yan Chen,Xiao-Jing Guo,Wan-Zhong Lang
Construction of the hierarchical surface topographies is advantageous to develop the highly-permeable membrane with super hydrophobicity , which is conductive to the precise purification of water-in-oil emulsions. Herein, the robust superhydrophobic poly(vinylidede) fluoride (PVDF) membrane with the artificially tunable surface topographies was constructed by spraying the hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) particles onto the nascent cast film prior to the thermally induced phase separation. Benefiting from the self-adhesive property of PVDF, the SiO 2 particles of two different sizes were firmly immobilized to the membrane surface, endowing resultant membranes with the micro-nano coarse structure and therefore the specific characteristic of super-hydrophobicity. The resulted membrane prepared at the optimal conditions exhibited the water contact angle and the water sliding angle of 160 ± 4° and 3 ± 2° respectively, accompanied with the averaged pore size of 330.8 ± 11.0 nm. Accordingly, it displayed the improved permeation fluxes of 1698 ± 119 L∙m −2 ∙h −1 and 2000 ± 129 L∙m −2 ∙h −1 with regard to the separation of the water-in-toluene and water-in-chloroform emulsions respectively, along with the separating efficiencies of 99.0 ± 0.2% and 98.7 ± 0.2% in terms of the oil purity in the penetrated solutions. Besides, the favorable reusability and stability of fabricated membranes demonstrated by the destructive experiments and cyclic performance tests might provide guarantee for the industrial water-in-oil emulsions purification.
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