APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2018
·
IF 4.439
Kai Jia,Qiming Feng,Guofan Zhang,Wanying Ji,Wukai Zhang,Bingqian Yang
Smithsonite is a readily dissolvable carbonate mineral that is naturally hydrophilic, making recovery of this ore by flotation difficult. The flotation results showed that conditioning with only sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) did not successfully allow the smithsonite samples to float, whereas treatment with a combination of S(II), Pb(II) and xanthate (with Na 2 S as the sulfurizing reagent, lead ions (Pb(II)) as the activator, and xanthate as the collector) improved the flotation of smithsonite, achieving a mass recovery of 95.8%. A combination of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in conjunction with depth profiling , was used to investigate the chemical nature of the sulfur and lead species on the smithsonite surface. For S(II)-conditioned smithsonite, a layer of ZnS formed on the smithsonite (ZnCO 3 ) substrates; this newly formed ZnS coating was amorphous or poorly crystallized. For smithsonite samples conditioned with S(II) and Pb(II), the microstructures and the phase constituents, obtained by AFM and XRD analyses, confirmed the formation of the PbS species with a cubic galena structure on the surface. XPS depth profiling showed that the PbS layer was 18-nm thick, which corresponds to 30 PbS molecular layers . This study presents direct evidence that the coating of the activation product, PbS, on the smithsonite surface was similar to a relatively thick galena layer, which led to successful flotation.
研究领域:
矿物学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 5
Qinbo Cao,Yan Yan,Heng Zou,Haiyu Zhang,Dianwen Liu,Shuming Wen
The S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ system can be used to depress PbS, where the activation of S 2 O 8 2− leads to the generation of SO 4 • − radicals that oxidize PbS. However, a high S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ dosage is needed for PbS depression (0.15 mol/L). In this study, ultrasonication was employed to improve the depression ability of S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ . The flotation and contact angle results implied that 120-kHz ultrasonication enhanced the depression ability of S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ for PbS, resulting in a decrease in the S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ dosage. Ultrasonication induced hot spots (5000 K) in the PbS slurry and on the PbS surface. These hot spots may cause the thermal activation of S 2 O 8 2− to generate SO 4 • − radicals, facilitating the oxidation of PbS. Thus, the ultrasound-assisted treatment increased the oxidation level of PbS. The XPS study revealed that ultrasonication favored the oxidation of S 2− on the PbS surface to SO 4 2− , such that the surface was covered with PbSO 4 and the hydrophobicity of PbS was lowered. However, ultrasonication did not considerably increase the oxidation state of the CuFeS 2 surface; thus, CuFeS 2 could still be floated and separated from PbS. This study provides a novel strategy for separating PbS–CuFeS 2 mixtures.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
·
2022
·
IF 3.841
Huaxiao Xie,Zhentao Zhou,Heng Xiong,Xiumin Chen,Pan Deng,Yizhao Wang,Huan Yang,Chaosong Meng
Jamesonite (Pb 4 FeSb 6 S 14 ) is a complex antimony sulfide mineral and an important raw material for the extraction of lead and antimony. Under vacuum conditions, the internal interaction mechanism of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 during thermal decomposition is unclear and difficult to separate. In order to explore the interaction mechanism between PbS and Sb 2 S 3 , the thermodynamic data of Pb-S and Sb-S systems were firstly calculated by thermodynamic calculation method, PbS and Sb 2 S 3 cluster substances that may exist in the gas phase were obtained under the given temperature conditions. On this basis, ab initio molecular dynamics was used to calculate the mean square displacement and diffusion coefficient of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 gas phase clusters. The vacuum distillation experiments of lead sulfide and antimony trisulfide confirmed the volatilization and diffusion of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 , and verified the theoretical calculation results. According to the experiment, the volatilization temperature of Sb 2 S 3 is much lower than that of PbS. The theoretical calculation results are consistent with the experimental results, which indicates that the calculation of the diffusion properties of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 gas phase clusters by molecular dynamics simulation is reliable. This is also an effective and simple method to predict whether the mixed melt of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 can be separated, which provides theoretical guidance for the vacuum separation of PbS and Sb 2 S 3 .
研究领域:
矿物学
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材料科学
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热力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Deying Kong,Yu Zhang,Dali Cheng,Enze Wang,Kaiyuan Zhang,Huachun Wang,Kai Liu,Lan Yin,Xing Sheng
Lead halide perovskite materials have been emerging as promising candidates for high-performance optoelectronic devices. Significant efforts have sought to realize monocrystalline perovskite films on a large scale. Here, we epitaxially grow monocrystalline methylammonium lead tribromide (MAPbBr3) films on lattice-matched gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrates on a centimeter scale. In particular, a solution-processed lead(II) sulfide (PbS) layer provides a lattice-matched and chemical protective interface for the solid–gas reaction to form MAPbBr3 films on GaAs. Structure characterizations identify the crystal orientations in the trilayer MAPbBr3/PbS/GaAs epistructure and confirm the monocrystalline nature of MAPbBr3 on PbS/GaAs. The dynamic evolution of surface morphologies during the growth indicates a two-step epitaxial process. These fundamental understandings and practical growth techniques offer a viable guideline to approach high-quality perovskite films for previously inaccessible applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电材料
·
晶体生长
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2021
·
IF 4.126
Tamara Russ,Zhixiang Hu,Benjamin Junker,Huan Liu,Udo Weimar,Nicolae Barsan
Lead sulfide (PbS) is a p-type semiconductor that is often applied in photodetectors and solar cells. One major problem that researchers are regularly confronted with is the loss of performance when operated in air. The sensitivity to the ambient, however, makes it an interesting material for the application in gas sensors. Although a lot of research has been focused on the aging of PbS, the influencing factors and the associated material changes are still a matter of debate. Resistance measurements of differently prepared PbS samples operated as sensors for the detection of NO2 (a strongly oxidative gas) in combination with surface-sensitive methods (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) enabled the investigation of the changes associated with aging and their influence on the sensing mechanism. The aging mechanism was found to be predominantly influenced by the presence of residuals of the stabilizing agent oleic acid that was adsorbed at the surface of the colloidal quantum dots. Additionally, it was found that a byproduct of the consumption of oleic acid enhanced the detected sensor signal.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Yang Huan,Meng Chaosong,Wei Xiaohui,Xiong Heng,Kong Xiangfeng,Yang Bin,Xu Baoqiang,Dong Zhaowang,He Yuhong
Lead sulfide (PbS) has substantial potential for applications in many fields, such as optical devices and solar cells. Although PbS can be obtained from complex lead-antimony sulfide ores by vacuum distillation, the evaporation mechanism of PbS under vacuum is still unclear. Herein, the evaporation kinetics of PbS at 973 K to 1173 K and 5 to 1000 Pa were investigated using a vacuum thermogravimetric furnace. The practical evaporation rate of PbS was obtained through linear and nonlinear fitting of the experimental data compared with the original theoretical evaporation rate and corrected for the Langmuir maximum evaporation coefficient. The evaporation coefficients and critical pressures of PbS at 973 K, 1023 K, 1073 K, 1123 K, and 1173 K were 0.5225, 0.4056, 0.2080, 0.1995, and 0.1007 as well as 12.49, 16.67, 20.83, 24.19, and 30.15 Pa, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the evaporation rate conforms to the logistic nonlinear model, and the critical pressure is positively correlated with temperature. This paper provides a kinetic data base for PbS vacuum evaporation and also provides a reference for improving the process conditions and production equipment parameters of PbS vacuum distillation. Meanwhile, it improves and develops the theory and practice of vacuum distillation for the preparation of high-purity sulfides and fills the gap of basic kinetic data of nonferrous sulfides.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Ya Wang,Huicheng Hu,Mohan Yuan,Hang Xia,Xingchen Zhang,Jing Liu,Ji Yang,Shaoqiu Xu,Zhaorong Shi,Jungang He,Jianbing Zhang,Liang Gao,Jiang Tang,Xinzheng Lan
Lead sulfide (PbS) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) for photodetectors (PDs) have garnered great attention due to their potential use as low-cost, high-performance, and large-area infrared focal plane arrays. The prevailing device architecture employed for PbS CQD PDs is the p–i–n structure, where PbS CQD films treated with thiol molecules, such as 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT), are widely used as p-type layers due to their favorable band alignment. However, PbS-EDT films face a critical challenge associated with low film quality, resulting in many defects that curtail the device performance. Herein, a controlled oxidization process is developed for better surface passivation of the PbS-EDT transport layer. The dark current density (Jd) of PbS CQD PDs based on optimized PbS-EDT layer shows a dramatic decrease by nearly 2 orders of magnitude. The increase of carrier lifetime and suppression of carrier recombination via controlled oxidation in PbS-EDT CQDs were confirmed by transient absorption spectra and electrochemical impedance spectra. The device based on the optimized PbS-EDT hole transport layer (HTL) exhibits a specific detectivity (D*) that is 3.4 times higher compared to the control device. Finally, the CQD PD employing oxidization PbS-EDT CQDs is integrated with a thin film transistor (TFT) readout circuit, which successfully accomplishes material discrimination imaging, material occlusion imaging, and smoke penetration imaging. The controlled oxidization strategy verifies the significance of surface management of CQD solids and is expected to help advance infrared optoelectronic applications based on CQDs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Xiaofang Shen,Zhaoxia Li,Yan Cui,Yuehong Pang
Thiol biomolecule of glutathione (GSH) combined with lead ion as precursor for synthesis of hierarchical PbS via hydrothermal degradation has been developed. The precursor and as-prepared PbS were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical technique. Flower-shaped micron crystals, submicron-sized spherical particles and dendritic PbS were controllably synthesized by adjusting pH value of the precursor solutions. GSH acted as both soft template and sulfur source in the synthesis. To investigate the suitability of PbS for pesticidal sensing application, an pesticidal biosensor based on the AChE-CHIT/dendritic PbS/GCE has been devised. Organophosphate pesticide dimethoate was selected as model to examine the feasibility of pesticidal bio-sensing. Under the optimum conditions, a quantitative measurement of dimethoate was achieved with the linear range of 0.05 μM to 1.0 μM and the detection limit of 0.02 μM.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Geochemistry
·
2024
·
IF 2.6
Zhicheng Liu,Fen Jiao,Yanfang Cui,Xiang Lin,Wenqing Qin,Qian Wei
The high content of pyrite in high‑sulfur lead–zinc sulfide resources affects the electrochemical properties and floatability of galena and sphalerite, which results in difficult flotation separation. In this study, the negative effects of a high-alkaline process were weakened by introducing an efficient mixed depressant CaO + Na 2 SO 3 in selective flotation separation of galena from pyrite. Flotation separation tests of real ore samples showed that the mixed depressant was more efficient than single CaO (5000 g/t), and the best process conditions of Pb grade 64.01 % and Pb recovery 88.45 % were obtained. The effects of Na 2 SO 3 on the electrochemical interaction between the two minerals were studied by micro-flotation tests, electrochemical, ion dissolution, UV–Vis measurements, zeta potential measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detections. Results indicated that Na 2 SO 3 could weaken the galvanic interaction between galena–pyrite and reduce the Pb 2+ dissolution from the galena surface. Na 2 SO 3 could desorb the collector ethyl xanthate pre-adsorbed on the pyrite surface.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·Vol. 185
·期 7
·1-7
·
IF 5.705
Wang Panpan,Cao Ling,Wu Ying,Di Junwei
Under visible-light irradiation, a cathodic photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor is presented for highly sensitive determination of Cr(VI) at a potential of −0.25 V (vs SCE). PbS quantum dots (QDs) were capped with mercaptoacetic acid and assembled on the surface of an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode via the linker poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) providing a photoactive sensor. Cr(VI) accepts the photoelectrons generated by the PbS QDs. This promotes the separation of electron holes and enhances the cathodic photocurrent generated by a 470-nm LED. The sensor has 10 pM detection limit and a linear working range from 0.02 nM to 2 μM of chromate. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Cr(VI) and total chromium in spiked environmental water samples.
Schematic illustration of the photocurrent enhancement response of ITO/PbS toward chromium(VI). In the presence of Cr(VI) (red line), Cr(VI) accepts the photoelectrons generated by the PbS QDs under 470-nm LED irradiation, resulting in improved photocurrent of ITO/PbS.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Zhaowang Dong,Zhentao Zhou,Heng Xiong,Bin Yang,Yongnian Dai
Jamesonite is a significant complex mineral containing antimony, lead, iron and other elements. At present, the traditional smelting method has high sulfur dioxide pollution and low metal recovery. This paper puts forward a method of treating jamesonite by vacuum distillation. The decomposition behavior of jamesonite (Pb 4 FeSb 6 S 14 ) in argon and 10 Pa, the volatilization of pure sulfides and the vacuum distillation behavior of jamesonite under 10 Pa were also studied. The separation of lead and antimony via two methods, namely multi-step condensation and one-step multi-stage condensation was developed. The results show that the initial decomposition temperature of jamesonite is higher than 600 °C in argon and about 500 °C at 10 Pa. The final decomposition products are antimony trisulfide, lead sulfide and ferrous sulfide. The decomposition temperature can be effectively reduced under negative pressure. Pure antimony sulfide volatilizes violently at 630 °C-760 °C, and pure lead sulfide sublimates violently at 887–1098 °C, respectively. The purity of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide obtained by multi-step condensation experiment is 99.12% and 98.74%, respectively. The purity of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide obtained by one-step multi-stage condensation is 98.12% and 89.26%, respectively. Zinc sulfide is also enriched by a multi-stage condensation, with a purity of 99.40%. This method can achieve the separation of Sb 2 S 3 and PbS directly from jamesonite, significantly reduce the production cost compared to the traditional process.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Nanoscience
·
2013
·
IF 0
CHAO LIU,YANG JIANG,JIAN HUANG,HONGYAN DUAN
Lead sulfide ( PbS ) quantum dots (QDs) capped with oleic acid and oleic amine were synthesized by using safe and innocuous sulfur powder as S source instead of the bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfide ((TMS) 2 S). QDs with size distribution from 20 nm to 3 nm were gained by controlling the experiment parameters such as heating temperature, capping agents and the growth time. The morphology and crystal structure of the as-prepared PbS QDs were characterized by (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) images and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). This method may offer a new route to synthesize PbS QDs for photovoltaic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）