Environmental Technology & Innovation
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2026
·
IF 7.3
Gangan Wang,Jianfei Zou,Junqi Li,Chaoyi Chen,Xin Lin,Ming Zhang
Bauxite residue, a highly alkaline by-product of alumina production, poses significant environmental challenges worldwide. This study presents an integrated process for the comprehensive treatment of bauxite residue, coupling the recovery of valuable metals (Al and Fe) with CO 2 sequestration. The process involves low-temperature roasting of bauxite residue with ammonium bisulfate, followed by water leaching, sequential recovery of Al and Fe from the leaching solution, and carbonation of the leaching residue. Under optimized roasting conditions (ammonium bisulfate dosage of 1.8 times the theoretical amount, 400 °C, 90 min) and leaching conditions (95 °C, liquid−solid ratio of 3 mL/g, 60 min), extraction efficiencies of 95.9% for Al and 98.6% for Fe were achieved. Aluminum was selectively recovered from the leaching solution as ammonium alum via crystallization. After recrystallization under optimized conditions, the recrystallization efficiency reached 89.3% with an Fe impurity content as low as 0.068 wt%. Iron was subsequently precipitated as an Fe-rich product (42.06 wt% Fe) with > 99.99% efficiency. The leaching residue was carbonated using (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 , achieving a carbonation efficiency of 96.28% and a CO 2 sequestration capacity of 100.61 kg per 1000 kg of bauxite residue. This process also effectively removed sodium (from 6.31 wt% in the original bauxite residue to 0.09 wt% in the carbonated slag), rendering the slag suitable for construction materials or soil improvement. The recovered sulfates can be recycled as a roasting agent for the subsequent bauxite residue treatment. This integrated approach offers a promising circular economy strategy for the sustainable management of bauxite residue, combining valuable metal recovery with effective CO 2 sequestration.
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高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 6
Jie Huang,Junfeng Li,Jiang Zhang,Qihang Li,Zhengguang Tao,Zhibin Yang
An atmospheric pressure leaching process using a citric acid-ammonium bisulfate mixture was proposed to extract Ni from low-grade laterite nickel ore with transition-type characteristics with high efficiency. The effects of stirring speed, citric acid concentration, ammonium bisulfate concentration, leaching temperature, leaching time, and liquid-to-solid ratio on the leaching behavior of multiple metal elements were systematically investigated low-grade laterite nickel ore with a particle size below 32.90 μm. Under the optimal conditions: stirring speed, 400 rpm; citric acid concentration, 1.5 mol/L; ammonium bisulfate concentration, 0.7 mol/L; leaching temperature, 90 °C; leaching time, 150 min; and liquid-to-solid ratio, 10 mL/g. The leaching efficiencies of Ni, Co, Mn, and Mg reached 94.1 %, 92.1 %, 93.0 %, and 73.2 %, respectively, whereas the leaching efficiency of Fe was 43.8 %, demonstrating favorable metal selectivity and enrichment performance. Kinetic analysis revealed that the leaching of Ni followed the shrinking core model and was jointly controlled by interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion processes, with an apparent activation energy of 38.60 kJ/mol. Particle size analysis showed that the introduction of ammonium bisulfate facilitated the shrinking and disintegration of mineral particles. Furthermore, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM-EDS characterizations confirmed that the mixed-acid system effectively disrupted the crystalline silicate structures and iron-rich phases in the ore, thereby promoting Ni liberation and enhancing its leaching efficiency. This study provides a feasible technical route for the low-temperature, atmospheric-pressure, and environmentally friendly extraction of Ni from low-grade laterite nickel ore, and offers valuable insights for subsequent metal separation and high-value resource utilization.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2025
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IF 4.7
Mengnan Zhang,Weilong Hu,Zhongyu Li,Yuanqing Zhang,Hao Zhang,Zao Zeng,Shiquan Wang,Zhijun Ma,Jianwen Liu
The development of sustainable recycling technologies for spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) batteries is crucial to address critical challenges in resource scarcity and environmental sustainability. Herein, we present an improved pyrometallurgical method utilizing ammonium bisulfate (NH 4 HSO 4 )-assisted low-temperature roasting for efficient lithium recovery. Through systematic optimization, the roasting of spent LiFePO 4 (S-LFP) cathodes with NH 4 HSO 4 at 300 °C for 3 h followed by water leaching achieves 98.5 % lithium recovery efficiency while maintaining a low iron leaching of 4.6 %. Furthermore, the regenerated LiFePO 4 (R-LFP) cathode material synthesized from recycled FePO 4 and Li 2 CO 3 precursors exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, retaining the discharge capacity of 140.5 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 1 C rate. Compared with conventional recycling methods, this process eliminates hazardous acid/base consumption and reduces energy requirements through lower operational temperatures. Our findings provide a practical pathway for closed-loop recycling of LiFePO 4 batteries while addressing both economic viability and environmental concerns in lithium-ion battery sustainability.
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Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy
·
2026
·
IF 3.2
Teng Liumei,Liu Jiangqi,Zhou Huichen,Jin Xiao,Guo Chaozhong,Liu Weizao,Liu Qingcai,Yang Chen
The significance of recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has increased due to the rapid development of electric vehicles. This work developed a facile and green process that used recyclable ammonium hydrogen sulfate (NH 4 HSO 4 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to efficiently extract valuable metals from spent LIBs cathodes. During the investigation, NH 4 HSO 4 was employed as the leaching agent and H 2 O 2 served as the reducing agent. A series of single-factor experiments were performed to explore the effects of NH 4 HSO 4 concentration, reducing agent type and concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and liquid–solid ratio on extraction efficiency. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and valence state of cathode materials were determined using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersion spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the synergistic impact of NH 4 HSO 4 and H 2 O 2 could greatly improve the leaching efficiency of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn. And the ideal leaching conditions resulted in Li, Ni, Co, and Mn leaching efficiencies of 98.7%, 97.68%, 98.32%, and 97.46%, respectively. This research established a theoretical framework and offered technical support to enhance the efficient retrieval of discarded LIBs. Graphic
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Catalysts
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·1430
·
IF 4.501
Yang Gao,Li Cao,Xiaodong Wu,Xu Zhang,Ziran Ma,Rui Ran,Zhichun Si,Duan Weng,Baodong Wang
CeNbTi catalyst was poisoned in different sulfur poisoning atmospheres at 300 °C for 6 h and then was evaluated for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOxwith NH3. The catalyst deactivation upon SO2exposure was effectively inhibited in the presence of NH3. Temperature-programmed decomposition (TPD) analyses were applied to identify deposit species on the poisoned catalysts by comparison with several groups of reference samples. Diffuses reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) over CeNbTi catalysts with different poisoning pretreatments and gas purging sequences were designed to investigate the roles of NH3in the removal of surface sulfites and sulfates. More ammonium sulfates including ammonium bisulfate and ammonium cerium sulfate were generated instead of inert cerium sulfate in these conditions. The mechanisms about the formation and transformation of surface deposits upon sulfur poisoning w/wo NH3were explored, which provided a basis for developing Ce-based mixed oxides as SCR catalysts for stationary sources.Keywords:ceria;SCR;sulfur;NH3;TPD;DRIFTS;deposit
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BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2022
·Vol. 39
·期 3
·661-669
·
IF 1.772
Jin Zhengwei,Yu Changjun,Wang Ruyang,Wei Wei,Jing Yunhuan,Wang Qi
The production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from carbonate-free minerals and CO 2 from industrial exhaust gas could lower energy consumption and promote CO 2 sequestration. The present study proposes a chemical looping process for the production of PCC from wollastonite (calcium silicate) and CO 2 from industrial exhaust using ammonium chloride as the looping medium; this study also included a pilot setup with a capacity of 3 kg of carbonate per hour to demonstrate the process. The process consisted of three phases: extraction of calcium from the wollastonite with hydrochloric acid; carbonation of the CO 2 in the extract solution in the presence of ammonia to produce calcium carbonate while generating ammonium chloride; and regeneration of hydrochloric acid and ammonia by the decomposition of ammonium chloride. A special air-lift reactor with an integrated settling vessel was designed for the carbonation reaction. The extraction and carbonation conditions were optimized, and fine calcium carbonate with a purity greater than 98% and a particle size of 2 μm was produced. The overall utilization of the calcium from wollastonite and the CO 2 reached 99 and 90%, respectively. This process avoids the high-temperature pyrolysis of limestone and thus consumes less energy. It also sequesters CO 2 from industrial exhaust and is a green and high-performing process for the production of PCC.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
·
2023
·
IF 5.8
Chuanhui Teng,Wei Lv,Yuqin Chen,Linfeng Liu,Jiaqing Yin,Shengnan Li,Zhiyi Min,Qi Zhang,Weichong He,Kunfang Ma,Xinrui Li,Xiang Cao,Hongliang Xin
Since ischemic stroke occurs by a combination of multiple mechanisms, therapies that modulate multiple mechanisms are required for its treatment. The combination of edaravone (EDA) and borneol can significantly ameliorate the symptoms of neurological deficits in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion model in rats. In this study, the solubility of borneol and edaravone was improved by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and PEG 400 . Furthermore, a nasal temperature-sensitive hydrogel containing both edaravone and borneol inclusion complex (EDA-BP TSG S ) was developed to overcome the obstacles of ischemic stroke treatment including the obstruction of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the unavailability and untimely of intravenous injection. The effectiveness of the thermosensitive hydrogel was investigated in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model rats (MCAO/R). The results showed that EDA-BP TSG S could significantly alleviate the symptoms of neurological deficits and decrease the cerebral infarct area and the degree of brain damage. In summary, nasal EDA-BP TSG S is a secure and effective brain-targeting formulation that may provide a viable option for the clinical prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Ao Zhou,Zhihong Liu,Zhiyong Liu
With the imminent peak in the retirement of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries worldwide, the development of efficient methods for recycling valuable elements from LIBs has attracted considerable attention. In this work, a novel method of NH 4 HSO 4 reduction roasting-selective ammonia leaching was proposed to thoroughly separate Li and Mn from the spent LiMn 2 O 4 cathode materials . Using the TG-DSC-FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS and ICP methods, the detailed mechanism of reduction roasting process was revealed, showing that the Mn 4+ and Mn 3+ in the spinel structure of LiMn 2 O 4 were reduced by the NH 4 + from the molten ammonium salt, and transformed into water-soluble MnSO 4 and Li 2 Mn 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . According to the water-leaching performance of the roasting products, the sulfation conversion rate of Mn reaches 98.1 %, while Li is almost completely transformed under the optimal roasting conditions (475 ℃, 60 min). Using the NH 3 ·H 2 O-air leaching-system, complete separation of Li and Mn can be achieved. It was shown that the introduction of air into the ammonia solution at a rate of 0.2 L/min under the optimal leaching condition leads to Mn precipitation in the form of nanoscale Mn 3 O 4 particles with a precipitation rate of over 99.99 %, while Li still remains completely leached. Based on the in situ detection of the oxidation reduction potential and pH during the selective leaching, the key mechanism of efficient Mn precipitation was revealed. that is, the increasing potential accelerates the oxidation of Mn(OH) 2 , and the rapid consumption of Mn(OH) 2 promotes the hydrolysis of Mn 2+ , thereby achieving a significant improvement in the separation efficiency of Li and Mn.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2023
·
IF 22.1
Xinlei Ji,Jia Kou,Gökalp Gözaydın,Xi Chen
Chitin biorefinery offers a unique opportunity to sustainably produce highly-valued organonitrogen compounds such as the versatile pharmaceutical precursor 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran (3A5AF), bypassing the Haber process and mitigating the consumption of fossil feedstocks. However, the reported protocols engaged large quantities of toxic organic solvents and required harsh conditions. In this work, a highly efficient catalytic system has been developed in the nontoxic, biobased γ-valerolactone (GVL) solvent under relatively mild conditions. 3A5AF was selectively obtained with an unprecedent yield of 75.3% at 140 °C for 2 h by adding NH 4 SCN and HCl. The high yielding was exclusively promoted by a dissolution-dehydration effect. Based on the UPLC-TOF-MS and NMR analyses, the presence of NH 4 SCN has induced a very rapid NAG conversion possibly by coordinating with the acetamido group and the hydroxyl groups, and the 3A5AF product was obtained in a subsequent dehydration pathway from NAG with the Chromogen I and Chromogen III as the intermediates.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·Vol. 47
·期 41
·19202-19209
·
IF 3.3
Xinlei Zhang,Peng Liu,Yuchi Zhang,Bohan Li,Yan Xu
Almost all types of proteins in biology are composed of L-amino acids, and very few contain D-amino acids. Therefore, chiral recognition, especially for the detection of L-amino acids, is of great importance. In this work, luminescent zinc-doped carbon dots (Zn-CDs) were successfully synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method using [Zn(EDA)3]Cl2 (EDA = ethylenediamine) complex as a precursor, exhibiting superior water stability, low cytotoxicity and good photobleaching stability. It can be used as an “on–off–on” fluorescence probe in aqueous solution to sequentially detect Fe2+ ions and enantiomeric L-Lysine (L-Lys) molecules with the corresponding limit of detection (LOD) of 0.092 and 0.204 μM, respectively. Also, the sequential on–off–on fluorescent changes of Zn-CDs upon the addition of Fe2+ and L-Lys can be applied in living cell imaging, as observed by the contrast of images in confocal microscopy. In addition, two distinct multi-input molecular logic gates, involving distinguishing the effect of L-Lys and D-Lys on the fluorescence of Zn-CDs, and the regulation of fluorescence quenching and recovery of Zn-CDs by Fe2+ ions and L-Lys are established. The Zn-CDs also exhibits a linearly temperature-dependent fluorescence performance with high temperature sensitivity (Sr) of 1.10% °C−1 in 10–90 °C, demonstrating its great potential for biological temperature sensing applications. This work provides a new strategy for exploring novel metal-doped carbon dots with outstanding biocompatibility and multifunctionality in biological applications.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Lu Chen,Lingdong Kong,Songying Tong,Kejing Yang,Shengyan Jin,Chao Wang,Lianghai Xia,Lin Wang
Nitrate aerosol is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Nitrate in the particulate and aqueous phase can affect various atmospheric chemical processes through its hygroscopicity and photolysis. The impacts of nitrate photolysis on the heterogeneous oxidation of SO 2 have been attracting attention. However, the influence of nitrate on heterogeneous aqueous phase formation of atmospheric sulfate aerosol is still not very clear. In this study, the effects of nitrate on aqueous phase oxidation of bisulfite under different conditions were investigated. Results show that nitrate photolysis can promote the oxidation of bisulfite to sulfate, especially in the presence of O 2 . It is found that pH plays a significant role in the reaction, and ammonium sulfate has significant impacts on the enhancement of aqueous phase sulfate production through regulating the pH of solution. An apparent synergism is found among halogen chemistry, nitrate and its photochemistry and S (IV) aqueous oxidation, especially the oxidation of halide ions by nitrate and its photolysis and by the intermediate products produced by the free radical chain oxidation of S (IV) in acidic solution, leading to the coupling of the redox cycle of halogen with the oxidation of bisulfite, which promotes the continuous aqueous oxidation of bisulfite and the formation of sulfate. In addition, the role of nitrate itself in the aqueous phase oxidation of bisulfite is revealed. These results provide a new insight into the heterogeneous aqueous phase oxidation pathways and mechanisms of SO 2 in cloud and fog droplets and haze particles.
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高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2020
·
IF 3.421
Zhihao Si,Miao Zuo,Wenlong Jia,Gaofeng Chen,Xing Tang,Xianhai Zeng,Lu Lin
Synthesis of a biodiesel precursor from biobased materials usually needs harsh reaction conditions such as high temperature, long time, and precious catalysts. In this article, a mild pathway was provided to directly synthesize biodiesel precursor bis(furan-2-yl)methane derivatives (BFMs) with industrial salt NaHSO4 as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst at room temperature. Over 99% yield of bis(5-methylfuran-2-yl)methane (BMFM) was obtained after 10 min reaction with 5-methylfurfuryl alcohol and 2-methylfuran (2-MF) as the substrates. Moreover, the addition of 2-MF in this work could effectively increase the BMFM yield and restrain the side reactions; then the proposed mechanism was also put forward according to the detailed mechanistic studies. In this condensation reaction, the electron donor substitute and conjugation structure on the furan ring is essential, and the crystalline water of the catalyst also promoted the catalytic efficiency obviously. Overall, this work provides a budget and practical approach for biodiesel production from biobased materials, which exhibit the potential for industrial application.
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