Processes
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·823
·
IF 3.352
Bin Li,Xinjun Jing,Junsheng Yuan
The phase equilibria of the reciprocal quaternary system LiBr-Li2SO4-KBr-K2SO4-H2O and its ternary sub-systems LiBr-Li2SO4-H2O and KBr-K2SO4-H2O at 308.15 K were studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Then, the solubility data of the equilibrium solutions were collected, and the phase diagrams were plotted. The phase diagrams of the ternary sub-systems at 308.15 K were compared with those at other temperatures. This study found that the phase diagram of the LiBr-Li2SO4-H2O system at 308.15 K consisted of an invariant point, two solid-phase crystallization regions of Li2SO4·H2O and LiBr·2H2O, and their corresponding solubility curves. The system generated two hydrated salts, which belonged to the hydrate type I phase diagram. The phase diagram of the KBr-K2SO4-H2O system at 308.15 K consisted of an invariant point, two univariant solubility curves, and two solid-phase crystallization regions of KBr and K2SO4, and no solid solution and double salts were formed. Thus, it belonged to a simple co-saturation type phase diagram. In the LiBr-Li2SO4-KBr-K2SO4-H2O system, K2SO4·Li2SO4double salt formed at 308.15 K, and the phase diagram consisted of three invariant points, five crystallization regions, and seven univariant solubility curves.Keywords:lithium bromide;potassium bromide;lithium sulfate;potassium sulfate;phase equilibrium
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2023
·
IF 2.6
Yanfei Fan,Ziyu Zhuang,Dandan Gao,Dongdong Li,Dewen Zeng
Solid–liquid phase equilibrium data of the Li2SO4 + Rb2SO4 + H2O and Li2SO4 + Cs2SO4 + H2O systems are of importance for the design of alkali metal element extraction processes from sulfate leaching solution of lepidolite. Considering the serious inconsistency of the reported solid phases, especially double salts and solid solutions, phase diagrams of the two systems were reinvestigated experimentally. The results on the Li2SO4 + Rb2SO4 + H2O system at 298.15 K show five solids, i.e., Rb2SO4, Rb2SO4·Li2SO4, Rb2SO4·3Li2SO4·2H2O, Rb2SO4·5Li2SO4·4H2O, and a solid solution with the end members Rb2SO4·5Li2SO4·4H2O and Li2SO4·H2O. For the Li2SO4 + Cs2SO4 + H2O system at 298.15 K, the results also show five solids, i.e., Cs2SO4, Cs2SO4·Li2SO4, Cs2SO4·3Li2SO4·2H2O, Cs2SO4·5Li2SO4·4H2O, and Li2SO4·H2O, while there is no solid solution phase with the end members Cs2SO4·5Li2SO4·4H2O and Li2SO4·H2O. Moreover, the single crystal structures of Rb2SO4·3Li2SO4·2H2O and Cs2SO4·3Li2SO4·2H2O were determined.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Du Jinjing,Wang Dongbo,Ma Jiayi,Zhai Ruitong,Lin Haiyang,Wang Bin,Li Qian,He Xihong,Zuo Heng
This study investigated the extraction performance of the DBM (bibenzoylmethane) + Cyanex 923 system, proposing a novel method for the selective recovery of lithium from lithium sulfate solutions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to elucidate the synergistic extraction mechanism. The results demonstrated that the DBM + Cyanex923 synergistic system effectively achieved lithium–sodium separation, with the organic phase composition and equilibrium pH significantly influencing the separation efficiency. Under optimized conditions (organic phase: 0.5 mol/L DBM + 1 mol/L Cyanex923; aqueous phase: 2 g/L Li, 50 g/L Na; pH 12; 25°C; phase ratio O/A = 1:1), a single-stage lithium extraction rate of 92.1% was achieved. For the simulated feed solutions containing 2 g/L Li and 50 g/L Na, a two-stage countercurrent extraction process at O/A = 1:2 yielded more than 99% lithium extraction. Using 0.5 mol/L H 2 SO 4 as the washing solution at O/A = 2:1 through two-stage countercurrent extraction, the sodium concentration in the loaded organic phase was reduced to less than 0.05 g/L, with a washing efficiency exceeding 97.8%. Three-stage countercurrent stripping with 1.5 mol/L H 2 SO 4 at O/A = 3:1 produced stripping solutions containing 17.12 g/L Li and 1.02 g/L Na, resulting in sodium impurity removal rates above 98%.
研究领域:
环境化学
·
湿法冶金
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资源循环利用
·
分离科学
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无机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Research
·
2020
·
IF 0
Wujie Dong,Tianquan Lin,Jian Huang,Yuan Wang,Zhichao Zhang,Xin Wang,Xiaotao Yuan,Jie Lin,I-Wei Chen,Fuqiang Huang
Aqueous supercapacitors are powerful energy sources, but they are limited by energy density that is much lower than lithium-ion batteries. Since raising the voltage beyond the thermodynamic potential for water splitting (1.23 V) can boost the energy density, there has been much effort on water-stabilizing salvation additives such as Li2SO4 that can provide an aqueous electrolyte capable of withstanding ~1.8 V. Guided by the first-principles calculations that reveal water can promote hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, here, we pursue a new strategy of covering the electrode with a dense electroplated polymerized polyacrylic acid, which is an electron insulator but a proton conductor and proton reservoir. The combined effect of salvation and coating expands the electrochemical window throughout pH 3 to pH 10 to 2.4 V for both fast and slow proton-mediated redox reactions. This allows activated carbon to quadruple the energy density, a kilogram of nitrogen-doped graphene to provide 127 Watt-hour, and both to have improved endurance because of suppression of water-mediated corrosion. Therefore, aqueous supercapacitors can now achieve energy densities quite comparable to that of a lithium-ion battery, but at 100 times the charging/discharging speed and cycle durability.
研究领域:
能源存储
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材料科学
·
电化学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2025
·
IF 2.1
Hongyu Qi,Jiaxin Han,Lin Xing,Jia Xu,Yushan Liu,Xun Wang,Tao Zhang,Yong Ma,Lingzong Meng
The phase equilibrium of the quinary system LiCl–Li2SO4–LiBO2–Li2B4O7–H2O at 323.15 K was studied with an isothermal dissolution method. The dry-salt phase diagram of the quinary system consists of one invariant point saturated with LiCl·H2O, Li2B4O7·3H2O, and LiBO2·2H2O, three univariant curves, and three crystallization regions saturated with Li2SO4·H2O corresponding to LiCl·H2O, Li2B4O7·3H2O, and LiBO2·2H2O. The J(H2O), J(Li2SO4), refractive index, and pH value change gradually with the changing concentration. Combining the equilibrium constants for boron-containing species, the pH values, and concentration of total boron, the boron-containing species distributions in the mixed solution in the system were calculated. The concentrations of B3O3(OH)52– and B5O6(OH)4– are very low and can be neglected. The boron-containing species distributions are mainly affected by m(LiCl) in the solution but less by m(Li2SO4). The results of the phase diagram and boron-containing species distribution in the quinary system can provide fundamental thermodynamic data for the extraction of lithium borate from brines.
研究领域:
物理化学
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化学热力学
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无机化学
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溶液化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Xu Su,Han Fang,Hao Yang,Fangfang Zou,Gang Li,Lian Wang,Hongxin Liao,Wei Guan,Xuebu Hu
Polysaccharides can be potential binders for lithium-ion batteries due to their strong adhesion through numerous hydroxyl groups . As a novel waterborne lithiated polysaccharide derivative, cellulose sulfate lithium (CSL) is successfully synthesized and used as the binder for LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathode. The chemical structure of CSL is verified by FTIR-ATR, XRD, C 13 -NMR, GPC , EA , ICP and TGA . Compared to LFP cathode using polyvinylidene difluoride binder, electrochemical measurements show that the LFP cathode using CSL (LFP-CSL) has lower polarization and better rate performance owing to higher lithium-ion conductivity of CSL. The result of morphological analysis indicates that CSL binder can maintain an integrated LFP cathode structure during hundreds of cycles. As a result, the LFP-CSL cathode exhibits a discharge capacity of 133.4 mAh g −1 and maintains remarkable cycle stability with retention of 93.1 % after 300 cycles at 1C. These findings provide novel insights into the rational design of the binders for the LFP cathode.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Packaging and Shelf Life
·
2025
·
IF 10.6
Wenjun Wu,Jiahao Zhong,Zhichao Yang,Ziqiang Qin,Chaoyi Shen,Zihan Cai,Xiangzheng Yang,Qilei Li,Da Wang,Jiangkuo Li,Xian Li,Di Wu,Kunsong Chen
To reduce postharvest mechanical damage, an in-situ fruit packaging solution integrating both force cushioning and real-time sensing functions is proposed. This was achieved using the synergistic effects of ion cross-linking and the Hofmeister effect to create ZnSO 4 cross-linked double-network hydrogels directly on the fruit surface. The results show that the hydrogels exhibited superior compressive strength, deformability, and Young’s modulus. With increasing concentrations of the ZnSO 4 solution, the compressive property, Young’s modulus, and cross-linking density of the hydrogels increased, while their energy dissipation rate decreased. The hydrogels cross-linked with a 0.3 M ZnSO 4 solution was the optimal one, achieving an energy dissipation rate of 35.2 %, while their compressive strength was 3.5 times that of the uncross-linked hydrogels, along with 3.9 times higher ionic conductivity and 75.9 % lower resistance. The optimal hydrogels could output electrical signals in response to strain at different rates and proportions and exhibited stable sensing over 100 compression cycles. Furthermore, the performance of the optimal hydrogels was evaluated using ripe and fragile kiwifruit. The cushioning test results show that the hydrogels could reduce vibration, compression and dropping damage, therefore effectively protecting the fruit. Besides, the hydrogels could quantitatively detect the compression force acting on fruit surfaces by outputting electrical signals in real-time. Additionally, the hydrogels achieved 96.8 % biodegradation within 6 h and had good biocompatibility. Overall, the present study proposed an idea of fabricating an in-situ fruit packaging with both cushioning and real-time sensing functions to reduce mechanical damage and facilitate inspection for fruit during postharvest transportation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
食品包装技术
·
智能传感器
·
采后生物学
·
聚合物水凝胶
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 37
·19408-19416
·
IF 5.1
Zhiyong Bai,Shanshan Chen,Xu Chen,Yong Wang,Xinwei Zhou,Yipeng Song,Yanqiang Li,Sangen Zhao,Junhua Luo
Birefringence is pivotal for the improvement of the conversion efficiency of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials via phase matching (PM). The engineering of proper birefringence for short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) NLO crystals, particularly for those based on homoleptic tetrahedral moieties, such as sulfates, remains challenging, mainly because of the conflicting correlation of energy bandgap and birefringence. We herein synthesized a short-wavelength UV NLO sulfate, Li2SO4·C2H5NO2 (LSG), composed of homoleptic [SO4]2− tetrahedra and π-conjugated zwitterionic glycine. To our surprise, both experimental and theoretical studies indicate that LSG is strongly birefringent, with an experimental birefringence of 0.144 at 550 nm. Benefiting from its satisfactory birefringence, LSG exhibited desirable PM behavior in the UV regime with a type-I PM wavelength of 262 nm. Powder second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements revealed that LSG can achieve PM under 1064 and 532 nm with an efficiency that is 0.7 and 0.3 times that of KDP and β-BBO, respectively, underscoring its potential application in generating UV laser by a direct SHG process. LSG simultaneously maintained a wide UV transparency window, with an optical bandgap of 5.20 eV and a short UV cutoff edge of 220 nm, as well as high thermal stability that is comparable to benchmark KDP. Structure-performance relationship investigation clearly indicated that the π-conjugated glycine component is mainly responsible for these crucial properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
·
非线性光学
·
晶体工程
·
无机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Zhongxuan Sun,Zhiwan Li,Meiying Xie,Yongduo Sun,Liyan Xue,Xinyuan Lan,Fan Yang
In this work, a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-driven electrodialysis membrane material was constructed, with which an electrodialysis platform was first formed by coupling electrodialysis. Separation and enrichment of 7 Li + isotopes were carried out with the electrodialysis coupled extraction platform. Because of its lower binding energy barrier for forming complexes with 7 Li + , a β -diketone-driven DES composed of tri-n-octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) was introduced to the separation and enrichment of 7 Li + isotopes. Furthermore, DES extractant was used to prepare supported liquid membranes (SLMs) because of its ability to drive extraction, its liquid state at room temperature and its good hydrogen bond network. Compared with the reported extraction systems, the separation coefficient of 7 Li + / 6 Li + ( β 7Li/6Li ) reaches 1.173 at an applied potential of 1.0 V, which is now the highest known β -value in these reported extraction systems. The Gibbs free energy change (∆ G ) of the electrodialysis coupled extraction process reaches −395.996 J·mol −1 , which explains the preferred extraction of 7 Li + isotopes. The competition and enhancement mechanisms between electromigration and extraction in electrodialysis coupled extraction were investigated by studying the Li + concentration, separation coefficient of 7 Li + / 6 Li + and Gibbs free energy change of electrodialysis coupled extraction. The separation of 7 Li + isotopes via electrodialysis coupled extraction system has potential application in chemical engineering field.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
分离科学
·
同位素富集
·
膜技术
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9
Yangbo Qiu,Yidong Gao,Jingxiang Rockson Liu,Yuantian Cai,Ying Mei,Lei Xia,How Yong Ng,Yan Zhao,Bart Van der Bruggen,Chuyang Tang
Electro-driven membranes with monovalent ion selectivity represent a promising technology for sustainable lithium (Li) recovery from spent lithium-ion battery (LIB) leachate. However, existing membranes suffer from limited Li + selectivity and low ion permeation rates. In this study, a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-embedded hydrogel electro-driven membrane was developed for selective Li + extraction via electrodialysis (ED). A poly(dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) network-threaded ZIF (QZIF) layer was in-situ constructed within the hydrogel matrix of Kevlar aramid nanofibers (KANFs), forming a stable composite layer on a sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) substrate. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of size sieving and electrostatic repulsion, the resulting QZIF@KANF#SPSF membrane exhibited rapid Li + transport while effectively rejecting larger divalent ions (Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , and Mn 2+ ). During ED at 5 mA cm −2 , the QZIF@KANF#SPSF membrane achieved a Li + permeation rate of 0.45 mol m −2 h −1 in a 25 mM Li + , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , and Mn 2+ mixed solution, with high permselectivities of 13.8, 12.2, and 10.5 for Li + /Ni 2+ , Li + /Co 2+ , and Li + /Mn 2+ , respectively. This strategy of embedding charged ZIFs within a hydrogel matrix provides a robust and scalable pathway for enhancing Li + selectivity and transport efficiency in advanced separation processes for spent LIB recycling.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
膜技术
·
可持续资源回收
·
电化学分离
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2026
·
IF 9.9
Di Wang,Qingbai Chen,Bingbing He,Yong Xu,Haoran Zhang,Ping Li,Jianyou Wang
The continuous influx of waste batteries poses severe challenges to energy, economy, and the environment, particularly in major economies with high lithium-ion battery (LIB) usage. Selectrodialysis (SED) is considered for lithium recovery from spent LIB leachate via monovalent ion selectivity, but proton hopping through monovalent-selective cation exchange membranes in acidic media limits its selectivity and stability. This report describes a diffusion dialysis (DD)/SED integrated recycling system capable of acid recovery and subsequent lithium extraction. The efficient SED unit exhibits high lithium selectivity during spent LIB leachate reclamation, benefiting from the removal of acid (H + ) from the feed stream via DD process. Appropriate running mode conditions contribute to excellent mass transfer for each unit. Specifically, DD operates in counter-flow mode with waste acid flowing from bottom-to-top, leading to >95% acid recovery. This performance is attributed to the uniform concentration distribution and adequate acid filtration. Meanwhile, SED under constant voltage mode reaching 7.9 (7.8) selectivity for Li/Ni (Li/Co) owing to its high Li electromigration rate constants (0.0273 ± 0.0003 min −1 ) under changing current drop. Furthermore, the integrated DD/SED process recovers 92.3%-pure Li₂SO₄ from spent LIB leachate with reduced chemical input, achieving a gross profit of 42.22 USD/t while demonstrating enhanced sustainability and industrial potential.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Tang Wen,Wang Feilong,Liang Shuaika,Hussain Fiaz,Tseng Jo-chi,Yu Pengcheng,Lei Jiuwei,Jin Hailun,Zhao Chunlei,Zhang Haochang,Shi Zhepu,Li Ying,Yin Wen,Ren Fucheng,Wang Shuo,Ma Zi‑Feng,Sun Xueliang,Xia Wei
Lithium halide solid electrolytes have garnered significant attention owing to their high ionic conductivity and positive electrode compatibility. However, achieving target ionic conductivity typically requires high lithium concentration (>4.3 wt%) within optimal structure, which raises costs and exacerbates air sensitivity. Here, we leverage anion clusters to synthesize a series of amorphous halide electrolytes x Li 2 SO 4 -ZrCl 4 , with optimal ionic conductivities of 1.5 mS cm -1 at 30 °C and a significantly reduced lithium content of 2.4 wt%, alongside good air stability. Through neutron/synchrotron X-ray experiments, first-principles calculations and machine learning-accelerated molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal a disordered backbone of [Zr a Cl 4a (SO 4 )] 2- (1 ≤ a ≤ 4) that enables fast Li-ion diffusion via under-coordinated oxygen sites. All-solid-state lithium batteries employing these electrolytes and LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 positive electrode exhibit 81.1% capacity retention after 1400 cycles at 1 C (60 min) and 30 °C. Our findings reveal anion-cluster chemistry as an approach that transforms solid electrolyte design for advanced batteries, bridging materials science with practical energy storage innovation.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）