Antioxidants
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 11
·1296
·
IF 6
Yue Liu,Chunhong Chen,Zhihui Hao,Jianzhong Shen,Shusheng Tang,Chongshan Dai
Exposure to cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) can lead to neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear, and effective treatment strategies are scarce. This study explored the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound, against CdSO4exposure-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our findings demonstrated that exposure of HT22 cells to CdSO4resulted in apoptosis, which was effectively reversed by EA in a dose-dependent manner. EA supplementation also decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS production, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and restored the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, EA supplementation at 5–20 μM significantly counteracted Cd-induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the decrease of ATP and reduced the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression. Furthermore, EA supplementation resulted in the upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein and mRNAs while simultaneously downregulating the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 proteins. The pharmacological inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) partially attenuated the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway induced by CdSO4and exacerbated its cytotoxic effects. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ethyl acetate (EA) supplementation offers protective effects against CdSO4-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the activation of the JNK pathway appears to play a protective role in CdSO4-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
药理学
·
细胞生物学
·
神经科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Haixuan Gao,Chuanhe Ma,Jinhui Zhang,Jinchun Jiang,Ye Chen,Lin Sun,Hailong Wang
In the prior art of CZTSSe solar cells, the traditional cadmium salt (Cd-salt) CdSO4 is widely considered as a common raw material for preparing CdS buffer layers. However, in this study, we systematically demonstrated the phase structure and transmission spectra improvement effect of the other three types of Cd-salts, Cd(NO3)2, CdCl2, and CdAc2, on the CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction (HJT) compared to CdSO4. CZTSSe/CdS HJT prepared by Cd(NO3)2 showed the strongest CdS phonon characteristic peaks at 295.9 and 597.6 cm–1, indicating a pure crystal phase. The transmittance of CdS films prepared by Cd(NO3)2 is 20–35% higher than the other three Cd-salts in the light range of 350–1000 nm, which effectively improved the band gap of the films (2.41 eV) and depressed the photon absorption and scattering. Accordingly, CZTSSe solar cells based on the aforementioned Cd-salts showed that Cd(NO3)2 possessed the best ability to improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE), about 5.7% more than the traditional CdSO4 salt. After Sn2+ replaced by Sn4+ in the precursor solution, the PCE of CZTSSe solar cells using Cd(NO3)2 exceeded 10% (Total area = 0.21 cm2, PCE = 10.23%, VOC = 0.485 V, JSC = 31.4 mA/cm2, FF = 67.1%, without MgF2 antireflective layer).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
·
可再生能源
·
半导体物理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Letu Siqin,Wenjing Xin,Ruijian Liu,Hongmei Luan,Lei Wang,Yiming Wang,Shuyu Li,Jingyuan Guo,Yu He,Jiayong Zhang,Bin Yao,Chengjun Zhu
Interfaces quality have always been considered the key factors in the fabrication of efficient Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cells, and harmful defects at the interface can significantly reduce the performance of the device. Here, we propose a dual passivation strategy by adding Na to the surface of the absorber layer (CZTSSe) to passivate the CZTSSe/CdS interface and treating the buffer layer (CdS) using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to passivate the CdS/ZnO interface. Due to the Na doping passivation, the absorber surface conductivity increases while the roughness decreases and detrimental defects that can lead to nonradiative recombination are reduced. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the cell is improved by about 1 percentage point by Na passivation. The contributions of open-circuit voltage ( V oc ), short-circuit current density ( J sc ), and fill factor (FF) to the improvement of PCE have been quantified as 50.64%, −5.58%, and 54.94%, indicating that Na doping can significantly boost V oc and FF. UV-ozone passivation reduces residual carbon organics in the CdS buffer layer , weakens carrier recombination, allows for more light absorption , and widens the depletion region , which favors efficient carrier collection. The estimated contribution of V oc , J sc , and FF to the PCE of the device is 8.78%, 119.59%, and −28.37%, respectively, demonstrating that UV-ozone passivation can significantly improve the J sc of the device. The two passivation strategies complement each other's advantages and achieve a synergistic effect . Our prepared champion device exhibits a PCE of 10.69% and remarkable long-term stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光伏技术
·
界面工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Shuyue Feng,Chenqian Chen,Wenjuan Zhang,Jianyong Che,Chengyan Wang,Yongqiang Chen
Nickel and cadmium are critical materials in the clean energy sector, but their limited availability poses significant challenges. Recycling these metals from secondary sources can mitigate supply risks, yet their separation during recovery is often difficult, especially when striving to conserve energy and minimize environmental impact. This study proposed an electrochemical method for the efficient separation and recovery of cadmium from Cd-Ni solutions. Under optimal conditions of 0.5 V applied voltage, 10 g/L initial acid concentration, 50 °C temperature, and a 2h duration, over 95.6 % of cadmium was recovered with a purity of 93.3 %, while nickel loss was restricted to just 5.38 %. The high separation efficiency is attributed to the preferential reduction of cadmium over nickel, even at low concentrations, as confirmed by impedance spectroscopy and SEM analysis. Cadmium deposition occurred exclusively at the anode, with minimal nickel loss primarily resulting from the formation of Ni(OH) 2 . Kinetic analyses revealed that zinc dissolution at both the anode and cathode followed a first-order rate, with the anode dissolving more rapidly, thereby facilitating cadmium deposition. This method offers a sustainable option for recovering these metals from secondary sources by effectively integrating electrochemical and cementation processes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Xiangyang Zhao,Lingling Wang,Yawei Wang,Xingyu Zhang,Rong Fang,Yue Zhou,Rui Guo,Xintong Zhang,Yichun Liu
Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells are considered a promising new type of film cell, due to their rich elemental reservation and excellent photovoltaic performance. However, the deleterious defects at the heterojunction interface severely hinder charge transport, separation, and extraction, significantly limiting the photovoltaic performance of CZTSSe solar cells. In this study, a simple method involving the incorporation of Cd 2+ and Ag + dual-ion at the heterojunction interface was proposed to reduce interfacial defects. The results showed that Cd 2+ and Ag + dual-ion interface deposition effectively reduced the [2Cu zn + Sn zn ] harmful defects near the heterojunction interface and subsequently reduced the number of recombination centers in the interface. This led to improved carrier recombination at the interface. Meanwhile, the devices achieved a wider depletion width, which was more favorable for carrier collection. Ultimately, the conversion efficiency increased by 32.81 %. This simple interface dual-ion deposition strategy offers a promising strategy for further enhancing the efficiency of CZTSSe cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Yunjie Bai,Yiming Wang,Ruijian Liu,Yu He,Yuhao Zhang,Chu Liu,Hongmei Luan,Yanchun Yang,Chengjun Zhu
The CZTSSe absorber layer prepared with DMSO exhibits extensive cavities at its bottom, and a prominent double-layer structure is frequently observed within the CZTSSe absorber synthesized using DMF , both of which have a detrimental impact on the device performance. In this paper, an alternate spin-coating process using DMSO and DMF solvent systems is proposed, which eliminates the double-layer structure of CZTSSe and reduces the number of cavities at the bottom of the absorber layer, thereby enhancing its overall quality. This method outperforms the traditional single-solution spin-coating technique by combining the advantages of two solvent systems, allowing for the preparation of an ideal CZTSSe film without disturbing the elemental ratio, ultimately resulting in a single-layer absorber composed of large grains. After three repetitions of an identical alternate spin-coating process, the average grain size of the absorber layer increased from 0.83 to 1.21 μm. This innovative process leads to a reduction in carrier recombination and an improvement in the short-circuit current density, ultimately raising the photoelectric conversion efficiency from 7.40% to 8.88%.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
THIN SOLID FILMS
·
2024
·
IF 2
Tiebiao Qiu,Xin Jin,Lina Wang,Ting Lei,Guohao Bo,Jian Zhang
Sb 2 S 3 has garnered significant attention in photovoltaic applications due to its suitable bandgap, single stable orthogonal phase and excellent stability. However, due to the coexistence of indirect transition parts in the bandgap, a thicker Sb 2 S 3 absorption layer is usually required to achieve decent light absorption in solar cells, which inevitably leads to an increase in trapped states in the bulk. Therefore, it is of great importance to realize more photogenerated carriers without increasing charge recombination. Here, we realized the in-situ growth of high-quality Sb 2 S 3 micropillar arrays on the template prepared by laser direct writing. Compared with the traditional thick layer, this array structure with less material usage can not only achieve more light absorption by enhancing photon scattering, but also optimize carrier transport at the interface by expanding their contact area with the hole transporting layer. This work provides a strategy for controllably achieving enhanced light absorption of Sb 2 S 3 structures, which is a perspective for the improvement of highly efficient solar cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2024
·Vol. 20
·期 50
·2405908
·
IF 13
Lei Wang,Letu SiQin,Yiming Wang,Shuyu Li,Wenjing Xin,Jingyuan Guo,Ruijian Liu,Hongmei Luan,Chengjun Zhu
The Sol-gel precursor solution reaction mechanism has a significant impact on the Cu 2 ZnSn(S, Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. It is discovered that in the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) precursor solution (CZTS-PS) in the preparation, there is an association reaction among Cu 2+ , thiourea (Tu), and carboxyl (-COOH), which is an important reason for the undesirable CZTSSe solar cells. The strong association reaction generates excessive Cu 2+ ions, forming the Cu x Se secondary phase on the surface of the CZTSSe absorber. The secondary phase causes a short circuit and deterioration of gadget performance. Following a 6-h aging period for the CZTS-PS, the average photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device is enhanced to 8.02%, and there is also an improvement in device uniformity, as evidenced by a decrease in the standard deviation to less than 1. To inhibit the association reaction and eliminate the aging time phenomenon, a strategy is developed using hydrochloric acid to regulate the CZTS-PS environment. This strategy shifts the REDOX reaction in Cu 2+ +Sn 2+ toward the formation of Cu 1+ +Sn 4+ , leading to a decrease in the defect concentrations of V Sn (−/0) and Cu Sn (−/0), which increases the carrier concentration and reduces the impact of band tailing. The average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices improved from 7.45% to 9.26%, the PCE of the best-performing CZTSSe solar cells increased from 9.25% to 9.83%, and the consistency among the devices is further enhanced, as indicated by a reduction in the standard deviation from 0.98 to 0.44. Ultimately, the device performance of the Cu 2+ +Sn 2+ -DMF system improved by 11.01% (without the MgF 2 layer) after optimization. This study serves as a reference for regulating the environment of the CZTS-PS to further enhance the CZTSSe devices' performance, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved by ≈30%.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.6
Xiao-Ming Zhang,Qiao Zhang,Jiangang Gao,Xiang-Yun Du
Wastewater treatment contributes to the sustainable utilization of water resources for alleviating water scarcity. The application of polymeric materials as adsorbents for eliminating hazardous substances in water has garnered extensive attention owing to their remarkable adsorption efficiency, stability, and selectivity. Herein, a facile strategy is provided to rapidly synthesize poly(acrylic acid- co -sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate) (poly(AA- co -NaAMPS)) hydrogels with exceptional adsorptive capacity via frontal polymerization (FP). The FP processes are meticulously examined in terms of initiator dosage and monomer ratio. The as-prepared hydrogels demonstrate pH-responsive swelling ability and pH-dependent adsorption capacity for various dyes and heavy metal ions. Compared with traditional batch polymerization (BP), the hydrogels prepared by FP exhibit superior swelling and adsorption abilities. Additionally, research on the adsorption mechanism for both dyes and heavy metal ions is conducted by fitting the adsorption kinetic data both with Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The maximum adsorption capacity ( q m ) of hydrogels derived from Langmuir model for dyes of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RB) is, respectively, 595.3 and 3078.5 mg g −1 , while for heavy metal ions of Cr 3+ and Cd 2+ is, respectively, 1010.8 and 1191.3 mg g −1 . This research exploits an alternative approach for the rapid preparation of high-efficiency hydrogel adsorbents toward wastewater treatment. Graphical Poly(AA- co -NaAMPS) hydrogels are facile synthesized through frontal polymerization within 10 min. The as-prepared hydrogels display excellent adsorption ability for both dyes and heavy metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacity for dyes of methylene blue and rhodamine B is, respectively, 595.3 and 3078.5 mg g −1 , while for heavy metal ions of Cr 3+ and Cd 2+ is, respectively, 1010.8 and 1191.3 mg g −1 .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Energy
·
2024
·
IF 49.7
Xie Congxin,Wang Chao,Xu Yue,Li Tianyu,Fu Qiang,Li Xianfeng
The ever-increasing need for energy-dense batteries with high safety is fuelling global research and innovations in new redox chemistry and device design. Here we show an aqueous battery employing highly concentrated hetero-halogen electrolytes that contain I − and Br - , resulting in a multielectron transfer process of I − /IO 3 − . The intermediate bromide species IBr and Br 2 , generated during the electrochemical process, enhances the reaction kinetics and alleviates the potential gap between oxidation and reduction. When using a 6 M I − electrolyte to achieve over 30 M electron transfers, the I − /IO 3 − cathode displayed a high specific capacity of over 840 Ah l catholyte −1 . A battery with Cd/Cd 2+ as the anode demonstrated a high energy density of over 1,200 Wh l catholyte −1 . Even at an exceptionally high current density of 120 mA cm −2 , an energy efficiency of 72% was obtained. Our work demonstrates that safe aqueous batteries with high energy density are possible, offering a development option for grid-scale energy storage and even electric vehicles.
研究领域:
电化学
·
能源存储
·
电池技术
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 40
·期 3
·035006
·
IF 2.1
Xingyu Zhang,Lingling Wang,Yawei Wang,Xiangyang Zhao,Rong Fang,Rui Guo,Yue Zhou,Xintong Zhang,Yichun Liu
Modifying the back contact interface plays a key role in improving the efficiency of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. Aiming at the phase decomposition and carrier recombination issues in the CZTSSe/Mo back contact interface, an ultra-thin Mg(OH)2 intermediate layer was introduced between the Mo substrate and the CZTSSe absorber layer. The Mg(OH)2 intermediate layer effectively suppressed the interface phase decomposition reactions and inhibited the generation of interface secondary phases. Meanwhile, during the high-temperature selenization process, the Mg2+ doped into CZTSSe at the back contact interface, reducing the defects and band offset at the CZTSSe/Mo interface. The performance of the device was improved, with a significant increase in efficiency compared to the control device. This work highlights the modification effect of Mg(OH)2 for improving back contact and also provides an easy-handling method to achieve high-performance CZTSSe solar cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Zhangyi Xu,Ziyuan Huang,Han Li,Shishu Zhu,Zhenchao Lei,Chengshuai Liu,Fangyuan Meng,Jeng-Lung Chen,Tsung-Yi Chen,Chunhua Feng
Iron minerals in nature are pivotal hosts for heavy metals, significantly influencing their geochemical cycling and eventual fate. It is generally accepted that, vivianite, a prevalent iron phosphate mineral in aquatic and terrestrial environments, exhibits a limited capacity for adsorbing cationic heavy metals. However, our study unveils a remarkable phenomenon that the synergistic interaction between sulfide (S 2− ) and vivianite triggers an unexpected sulfidation−reoxidation process, enhancing the immobilization of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). For instance, the combination of vivianite and S 2− boosted the removal of Cd 2+ from the aqueous phase under anaerobic conditions, and ensured the retention of Cd stabilized in the solid phase when shifted to aerobic conditions. It is intriguing to note that no discrete FeS formation was detected in the sulfidation phase, and the primary crystal structure of vivianite largely retained its integrity throughout the whole process. Detailed molecular-level investigations indicate that sulfidation predominantly targets the Fe(II) sites at the corners of the PO4 tetrahedron in vivianite. With the transition to aerobic conditions, the exothermic oxidation of CdS and the S sites in vivianite initiates, rendering it thermodynamically favorable for Cd to form multidentate coordination structures, predominantly through the Cd-O-P and Cd-O-Fe bonds. This mechanism elucidates how Cd is incorporated into the vivianite structure, highlighting a novel pathway for heavy metal immobilization via the sulfidation−reoxidation dynamics in iron phosphate minerals.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
地球化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）