BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 11.889
Zhenyu Zhai,Junfeng Su,Amjad Ali,Liang Xu,Fazli Wahid
This study emphasizes on the cellulase production characteristics of strain ZY7 and its collaboration with nitrate-dependent ferrous oxidizing (NFO) strain XL4 to achieve efficient denitrification at low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio. Results indicated that the denitrification efficiency increased from 65.47 to 97.99% at 24 h after co-culture at C/N of 1.0. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) showed significant changes in the intensity of soluble microbial products (SMP), fulvic-like materials, and aromatic proteins after co-culture. Bio-precipitates were characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and X–ray diffraction (XRD), which showed that cellulose structure was disrupted and the metabolites were potential carbon source for denitrification. In addition, cellulase activity suggested that the hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds and oligosaccharides may be the rate-limiting steps in cellulose degradation. This work promoted the understanding of denitrification characteristics of co-culture and expanded the application of cellulose degrading bacteria in sewage treatment.
研究领域:
微生物学
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环境科学
·
污水处理
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Insects
·
2021
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·507
·
IF 2.769
Yan Lu,Shouyu Zhang,Shibo Sun,Minghuo Wu,Yongming Bao,Huiyan Tong,Miaomiao Ren,Ning Jin,Jianqiang Xu,Hao Zhou,Weiping Xu
Simple SummaryBlack soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have received global research interest and industrial application due to their high performance on the organic waste treatment. However, the substrate C/N property, which may affect larvae development and the waste bioconversion process greatly, is significantly less studied. The current study focused on the food waste treatment by BSFL, compared the nitrogen supplying effects of 9 nitrogen species (i.e., NH4Cl, NaNO3, urea, uric acid, Gly, L-Glu, L-Glu:L-Asp (1:1,w/w), soybean flour, and fish meal), and further examined the C/N effects on the larval development and bioconversion process. We found that NH4Cl and NaNO3led to poor larval growth and survival, while 7 organic nitrogen species exerted no harm to the larvae. Urea was further chosen to adjust the C/Ns. Results showed that lowering the C/N from the initial 21:1 to 18:1–14:1 improved the waste reduction and larvae production performance, and C/N of 18:1–16:1 was further beneficial for the larval protein and lipid bioconversion, whereas C/N of 12:1–10:1 resulted in a significant performance decline. Therefore, the C/N range of 18:1–16:1 is likely the optimal condition for food waste treatment by BSFL and adjusting food waste C/N with urea could be a practical method for the performance improvement.AbstractBiowaste treatment by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL,Hermetia illucens) has received global research interest and growing industrial application. Larvae farming conditions, such as temperature, pH, and moisture, have been critically examined. However, the substrate carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), one of the key parameters that may affect larval survival and bioconversion efficiency, is significantly less studied. The current study aimed to compare the nitrogen supplying effects of 9 nitrogen species (i.e., NH4Cl, NaNO3, urea, uric acid, Gly, L-Glu, L-Glu:L-Asp (1:1,w/w), soybean flour, and fish meal) during food waste larval treatment, and further examine the C/N effects on the larval development and bioconversion process, using the C/N adjustment with urea from the initial 21:1 to 18:1, 16:1, 14:1, 12:1, and 10:1, respectively. The food wastes were supplied with the same amount of nitrogen element (1 g N/100 g dry wt) in the nitrogen source trial and different amount of urea in the C/N adjustment trial following larvae treatment. The results showed that NH4Cl and NaNO3caused significant harmful impacts on the larval survival and bioconversion process, while the 7 organic nitrogen species resulted in no significant negative effect. Further adjustment of C/N with urea showed that the C/N range between 18:1 and 14:1 was optimal for a high waste reduction performance (73.5–84.8%,p< 0.001) and a high larvae yield (25.3–26.6%,p= 0.015), while the C/N range of 18:1 to 16:1 was further optimal for an efficient larval protein yield (10.1–11.1%,p= 0.003) and lipid yield (7.6–8.1%,p= 0.002). The adjustment of C/N influenced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD,p= 0.015), whereas exerted no obvious impact on the larval amino acid composition. Altogether, organic nitrogen is more suitable than NH4Cl and NaNO3as the nitrogen amendment during larval food waste treatment, addition of small amounts of urea, targeting C/N of 18:1–14:1, would improve the waste reduction performance, and application of C/N at 18:1–16:1 would facilitate the larval protein and lipid bioconversion process.Keywords:nitrogen source;carbon to nitrogen ratio;food waste;urea;black soldier fly larvae;Hermetia illucens
研究领域:
环境科学
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昆虫学
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废弃物处理
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Zuhao Chen,Yongyou Hu,Guanglei Qiu,Donghui Liang,Jianhua Cheng,Yuancai Chen,Xiaoqiang Zhu,Guobin Wang,Jieyun Xie
The effects of antibiotics, such as tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin, on functional microorganisms are of significant concern in wastewater treatment. This study observed that Acinetobacter indicus CZH-5 has a limited capacity to remove nitrogen and phosphorus using antibiotics (5 mg/L) as the sole carbon source. When sodium acetate was supplied (carbon/nitrogen ratio = 7), the average removal efficiencies of ammonia-N, total nitrogen, and orthophosphate-P increased to 52.46 %, 51.95 %, and 92.43 %, respectively. The average removal efficiencies of antibiotics were 84.85 % for tetracycline, 39.32 % for sulfamethoxazole, 18.85 % for ciprofloxacin, and 23.24 % for their mixtures. Increasing the carbon/nitrogen ratio to 20 further improved the average removal efficiencies to 72.61 % for total nitrogen and 97.62 % for orthophosphate-P (5 mg/L antibiotics). Additionally, the growth rate and pollutant removal by CZH-5 were unaffected by the presence of 0.1–1 mg/L antibiotics. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the promoted translation of aceE , aarA , and gltA genes provided ATP and proton -motive forces. The nitrogen metabolism and polyphosphate genes were also affected. The expression of acetate kinase, dehydrogenase, flavin mononucleotide enzymes, and cytochrome P450 contributed to antibiotic degradation. Intermediate metabolites were investigated to determine the reaction pathways.
研究领域:
环境微生物学
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废水处理工程
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分子生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
Toxics
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·759
·
IF 3.9
Liang Wan,Rong Huang,Yan Zhou,Jiahao Guo,Yiying Jiao,Jian Gao
Antibiotics can affect the photosynthetic system ofMicrocystis, potentially altering the balance of carbon and nitrogen, which may influence the synthesis of different microcystin (MC) congeners. However, the regulatory mechanisms by which antibiotics affect the synthesis of various MC congeners inMicrocystisremain unknown. In this study, the effects of ciprofloxacin (CIP) on the growth, carbon and nitrogen balance, amino acid composition,mcyBgene expression, and production of different MC congeners were investigated in two toxin-producing strains ofMicrocystis aeruginosa. The results show that CIP exposure significantly inhibited the growth of both strains, achieving an inhibition rate of 71.75% in FACHB-315 and 41.13% in FACHB-915 at 8 μg/L CIP by the end of the cultivation. The intracellular C:N ratio in FACHB-315 increased by 51.47%, while no significant change was observed in FACHB-915. The levels of leucine, tyrosine, and arginine, as identified and quantified by UPLC-MS/MS, were significantly altered at higher CIP concentrations, leading to a reduction in leucine percentage and a notable increase in tyrosine in both strains, which contributed to a reduction in MC-LR proportion and an increase in MC-RR and MC-YR proportion. Additionally, the expression of themcyBgene was upregulated by as much as 5.57 times, indicating that antibiotic stress could enhance MC synthesis at the genetic level, contributing to the increased toxicity of cyanobacteria. These findings emphasize the significant role of CIP in the biochemical processes ofM. aeruginosa, particularly in MC synthesis and composition, providing valuable insights into the ecological risks posed by antibiotics and harmful cyanobacteria.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Water
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 24
·4272
·
IF 3.4
Xueyuan Bai,Jianwei Li,Sheng Chang
Amidst rapid urbanization, municipal wastewater treatment plants remain a significant source of nitrogen compounds, which stems from their effluents. Constructed wetlands, employing denitrification processes, have been proven effective at nitrogen removal. Variations in influent nutrient concentrations are often seen as limiting factors affecting nitrogen removal and influencing microbial communities. This study evaluates the impact of nutrient limitation on nitrogen removal by analyzing changes in microbial communities within constructed wetlands under different influent water C/N ratios. The findings indicate that both excessively high and low C/N ratios constrain nitrogen decomposition, with optimal nitrogen removal observed at C/N ratios of 6 or 7. Moderate C/N values (6–7) support diverse and stable microbial networks, ensuring treatment system stability. Microorganisms play a pivotal role in nitrogen transformation, with thenirkgene being crucial for NH4+−N conversion, while theAOAgene dominates NO2−−N and TN conversion. This study offers practical guidance for identifying a suitable C/N ratio for wastewater treatment and establishes a theoretical foundation for regulating nitrogen removal by microbial communities in constructed wetlands within nitrogen removal systems.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Ze-Tong Feng,Xin Ma,Ying-Jun Sun,Jia-Min Zhou,Zu-Gang Liao,Zhi-Cong He,Fei Ding,Qian-Qian Zhang
The nitrogen removal efficiency and distribution of microbial community in a denitrification process aided by zero-valent iron (ZVI) under low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) were assessed in this study. Experimental results demonstrated that the nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) increased to 96.4 ± 2.72% and 63.3 ± 4.02% after continuous addition of ZVI with molar ratio of ZVI to nitrate (NO 3 – -N) (ZVI/N) of 6 at C/N of 3 and 2, respectively, which was 4% and 7.7% higher than the blank one. Meanwhile, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) could be used as electron transfer medium and endogenous carbon source for denitrification system and also the production of which increased by 28.43% and 53.10% under ZVI stimulation compared to the control group. Finally, a symbiotic system composed by autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification bacteria was formed by aid of ZVI. This study proposed new insights into denitrification process improved by ZVI.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
·
2019
·Vol. 39
·期 1
·358-369
·
IF 2.179
Cui Dandan,Mo Yuncai,Zeng Lingjie,Feng Kai,Feng Xiaoyun,Huang Jialing,He Mengling,Zhang Xiaoyuan,Teng Xifeng
The response of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo ( D. officinale ) to continuous UV-B irradiation at different carbon to nitrogen ratios (C/N ratios) was investigated. Seedlings grown for 60 days were incubated under aseptic conditions with UV-B irradiation (15.6 µW cm −2 ) at different C/N ratios: control group (CK; C/N 30 without UV-B), UV-B + CK (C/N 30 with UV-B irradiation, similarly hereafter), UV-B + C/N 120, UV-B + C/N 60, UV-B + C/N 15, UV-B + C/N 10, UV-B + C/N 7.5. Growth parameters (the defoliation rate and the sprout number), photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b), total polysaccharides, total alkaloids, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined following 4, 8, 12, and 16 days of continuous UV-B exposure. Results indicated that UV-B irradiation increased the defoliation rate and the content of carotenoids, total polysaccharides and total alkaloids, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Conversely, UV-B irradiation reduced the sprout number and chlorophyll content in D. officinale . Compared with UV-B + CK, lower C/N ratio treatments (UV-B + C/N 15, UV-B + C/N 10 and UV-B + C/N 7.5) enhanced the defoliation rate and sprout number, but decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and total polysaccharide content during the whole period, and reduced total alkaloid content after 4 days of UV-B exposure. Following initial UV-B irradiation, lower C/N ratios increased the contents of carotenoid and chlorophyll b, while after 8 days, a reversal in carotenoid content was observed, and after 12 days, a reversal in chlorophyll b content was observed. Optimizing the C/N ratio (C/N 60) resulted in lower defoliation rate, higher photosynthetic pigments and total polysaccharides, and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, whereas no significant change in sprout number and total alkaloid content was recorded under long-term UV-B irradiation. Furthermore, the UV-B + C/N 120 treatment negatively affected D. officinale in terms of an increased defoliation rate and reduced sprout number, photosynthetic pigments, and total alkaloids. Therefore, results suggested that an appropriate C/N ratio (C/N 60) could ameliorate the adverse effects of continuous UV-B irradiation on D. officinale .
研究领域:
植物学
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药用植物学
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环境生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
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2022
·
IF 7.34
K.M. Wang,Y. Shen,S.F. Jiang,Z.X. Qiu,J.H. Zhou,H.Y. Wang
This study investigated the impact of two different static biocarriers (polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU)) addition in MBR for process performance, membrane fouling and microbial community treating municipal wastewater under high and low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios. The results indicated that PU biocarrier addition could help to accumulate the bacteria for nitrification and denitrification ( Tauera , Amaricoccus and Nitro spira in the mixed liquor and Solitalea and Sphingobacteriales_unclassified on the biocarrier), which slightly enhanced the total nitrogen removal especially under a low influent C/N ratio of 6.7. Additionally, the PU biocarrier addition can also alter the bulk sludge characteristics with lower soluble microbial products (SMP) concentration, lower SMP protein to carbohydrates ratio and bigger particle size, leading to lower membrane fouling propensity even under a low influent C/N ratio. PU biocarrier addition also reduced the relative abundance of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) secretion-related bacteria ( Sphingobacterials_unclassified and Ohtaekwangia ) and mitigated the membrane fouling propensity. However, this is not the case with PVC biocarrier addition, which might be due to the physical properties of the static biocarrier since PU has higher porosity, specific surface area and less negative surface zeta potential than PVC. Importantly, the static biocarrier addition can improve the nitrogen removal especially under a low influent C/N ratio and facilitate the membrane fouling control, but it depends on the physical characteristics of the biocarriers.
研究领域:
环境工程
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废水处理
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 10.753
Shouyu Zhang,Pu Xiong,Yongsheng Ma,Ning Jin,Shibo Sun,Xiaoying Dong,Xiaodong Li,Jianqiang Xu,Hao Zhou,Weiping Xu
Insect biorefinery by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), Hermetia illucens , has emerged as an innovative technique for the valorization of food waste. However, despite BSFL being an attractive natural source of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs), there is a scarcity of research on the antimicrobial activity and transcriptome expression of AMPs derived from BSFL following waste treatment. In the present study, food waste treatment was performed by BSFL with a substrate C/N ratio ranging from 21:1 to 10:1, marine Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) was selected as the model aquaculture pathogen, the antimicrobial activities of AMPs in vitro and zebrafish in vivo were examined, and the molecular mechanism of the C/N-dependent AMP difference was expounded. Findings were made that the AMP extract of C/N16:1 resulted in relatively higher antimicrobial activity in vitro than that of other C/Ns. Further, the AMPs of C/N16:1 exhibited a promising in vivo defense effect for elevating the 96-h survival rate of zebrafish from 0% to 39% after VP infection , comparable to the animal antibiotic sulfamethoxidine. The results of transcriptome analysis reveal that lysozymes were the highest expressed components in the AMP gene family. The C/N16:1 BSFL significantly up-regulated 12 out of 51 lysozyme genes compared with C/N21:1, which likely contributed to the improvement of AMP antimicrobial activity. Further, C/N16:1 significantly up-regulated the expression of lysozyme, glycosyl hydrolase and muscle protein genes compared with C/N21:1, which likely enhanced the defense ability of the immune system, the utilization of the starch-like substrate, and the mobility of the larvae, thereby facilitating the larval transformation and AMP production. Overall, such results indicate that waste C/N ratio interacted with the activity and expression of BSFL AMPs through transcriptome regulation, and the BSFL AMPs derived from food waste could be used for the defense against marine pathogens to support the sustainable development of aquaculture.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
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水产养殖
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Water
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 17
·2505
·
IF 3
Siqi Tong,Guangbing Liu,Xi Meng,Chunkai Huang,Siwen Chen,Zhiquan Xiang,Weijing Liu,Jinyou Shen,Yi Wang
With increasing wastewater treatment demands and decarbonization goals, synergistic reduction in pollutants and green house gas (GHG) emissions is crucial. High process emissions like N2O pose significant challenges, yet optimized carbon reduction strategies for conventional plants are lacking. This study developed three mathematical models to quantify the impact of dissolved oxygen (DO), influent salinity, and C/N ratio on direct emissions (CH4, N2O) and indirect emissions. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimized these factors to minimize GHG emissions under three accounting scenarios: (1) plants with CH4reuse systems: salinity = 0.5 g L−1, DO = 3.67 mg L−1, C/N = 12.75; (2) plants focusing solely on direct emissions: salinity = 0.5 g L−1, DO = 3.35 mg L−1, C/N = 3; and (3) plants assessing total emissions: salinity = 0.5 g L−1, DO = 2.5 mg L−1, C/N = 7.18. Key findings indicated that increasing salinity exacerbated greenhouse gas emissions. Elevated DO levels in the aerobic stage reduced N2O emissions but increased indirect emissions in the A2/O process. Higher C/N ratios promoted anaerobic CH4production, but sufficient carbon reduced N2O by enabling complete heterotrophic denitrification. A 60−day continuous GHG emissions monitoring campaign was conducted at a WWTP to validate the actual emission reductions achievable under the identified optimal control conditions. An analysis and comparison of operational and economic costs were also performed. The findings provide practical insights into sustainable GHG emission management and offer potential solutions to advance the synergistic reduction in GHG emissions and pollutants.
研究领域:
环境工程
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水处理技术
·
环境化学
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污染控制
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可持续发展
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温室气体管理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2022
·Vol. 23
·期 9
·5036
·
IF 6.208
Ning Jin,Yanxia Liu,Shouyu Zhang,Shibo Sun,Minghuo Wu,Xiaoying Dong,Huiyan Tong,Jianqiang Xu,Hao Zhou,Shui Guan,Weiping Xu
The black soldier fly (BSF),Hermetia illucens, has emerged as a promising species for waste bioconversion and source of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs). However, there is a scarcity of research on the element transformation efficiency and molecular characterization of AMPs derived from waste management. Here, food waste treatment was performed using BSF larvae (BSFL) in a C/N ratio of 21:1–10:1, with a focus on the C/N-dependent element bioconversion, AMP antimicrobial activity, and transcriptome profiling. The C-larvae transformation rates were found to be similar among C/Ns (27.0–35.5%,p= 0.109), while the N-larvae rates were different (p= 0.001), with C/N 21:1–16:1 (63.5–75.0%) being higher than C/N 14:1–10:1 (35.0–45.7%). The C/N ratio did not alter the antimicrobial spectrum of AMPs, but did affect the activities, with C/N 21:1 being significantly lower than C/N 18:1–10:1. The lysozyme genes were found to be significantly more highly expressed than the cecropin, defensin, and attacin genes in the AMP gene family. Out of 51 lysozyme genes, C/N 18:1 and C/N 16:1 up-regulated (p< 0.05) 14 and 12 genes compared with C/N 21:1, respectively, corresponding to the higher activity of AMPs. Overall, the element bioconversion efficiency and AMP expression can be enhanced through C/N ratio manipulation, and the C/N-dependent transcriptome regulation is the driving force of the AMP difference.Keywords:black soldier fly larvae;food waste;C/N ratio;antimicrobial proteins;transcriptome;Hermetia illucens;element recycle;gene family
研究领域:
昆虫学
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环境科学
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分子生物学
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废物管理
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Water
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·1295
·
IF 3
Hualong He,Sulin Cai,Siyuan Chen,Qiang Li,Yunchao Luo,Xiaoyi Zeng,Rumeng Ye,Pengwei Wan,Xingjun Tian
This study investigates the combined effect of microplastics and cadmium on the decomposition of litter, the structure of fungal communities, and the feeding behavior of invertebrates in an aquatic ecosystem. Through a series of microcosm experiments, we demonstrate that exposure to MPs and Cd significantly reduced the decomposition of leaf litter. Notably, the cumulative impact of combined MP and Cd exposure was found to be greater than their individual effects. During this process, the carbon–nitrogen ratio of the litter increased, while dehydrogenase activity and fungal biomass were inhibited. Additionally, the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi decreased, weakening their role in the decomposition of leaf litter. Conversely, MPs and Cd reduced the relative content of leaf litter lignin, improving its quality as food, thereby leading to an increase in the feeding rate of invertebrates. This dual effect indicates that micropollutants suppress the decomposition of litter by regulating microbial metabolic activity and fungal community structure but promote invertebrate feeding. Our findings provide crucial insights into the adverse effects of MPs and Cd on the structure and diversity of aquatic fungal communities, which could have long-term impacts on the food webs and nutrient cycling progress of aquatic ecosystems.
研究领域:
水生生态学
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环境科学
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微生物学
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生态毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）