JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2013
·Vol. 129
·期 6
·3473-3481
·
IF 1.395
Wan-Zhong Lang,Hai-Yan Niu,Ya-Xin Liu,Chun-Xia Liu,Ya-Jun Guo
The waste perfluoro-ion-exchange membranes (PFIEMs) in chlor-alkali industry were regenerated and used to the separation of dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/methanol (MeOH) mixtures by pervaporation process. The energy-dispersive spectrum (EDS) demonstrates that the impurities on the surfaces of waste PFIEMs can be effectively cleared by the regeneration process. The degree of swelling, sorption, and pervaporation properties of the regenerated PFIEMs with different counter ions were investigated. The results indicate that the counter ions of PFIEMs conspicuously influence the degree of swelling, sorption, and pervaporation properties for DMC/MeOH mixtures. The degree of swelling and solubility selectivity both decreases with the alkali metal counter ions in the sequence: Li + > Na + > K + > Cs + . The degree of swelling increases with MeOH concentration increasing in feed liquid. The pervaporation measurements illustrate that the permeation flux decreases and the separation factor increases with the rising in ion radius of counter ions. The increase of feed concentration (MeOH) and feed temperature is advantageous to improve permeation flux while at the cost of separation factor decreasing. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
研究领域:
高分子材料
·
化学工程
·
膜科学与技术
·
环境化工
·
分离科学
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JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 67
·期 9
·1715-1720
·
IF 1.554
Shu-Zhen Yang,Zhi-Qiang Dong,Cheng-Cheng Yin,Hui-Juan Yue,Wei-Wei Gao,Feng-Ke Yang
In this paper, a green process for the synthesis and separation of caffeine was reported. Theophylline sodium is used as the raw material, diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene as the catalyst, and Turkey red oil as the solvent, particularly, dimethyl carbonate was adopted in place of high toxic dimethyl sulfate to form a mixture of caffeine and by-product sodium bicarbonate. After converting sodium bicarbonate to sodium carbonate, the solubility difference between caffeine and sodium carbonate at 40°C was for the first time utilized to achieve the purpose of separating caffeine with an excellent yield of 98.4% and a purity of greater than 99.0%. Furthermore, both the reaction mother liquor and separation mother liquor can be recycled and reused during the reaction and separation processes, respectively, with little caffeine loss. No industrial waste was discharged in the process of the improved synthesis and separation, which is therefore environmental friendly.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
药物化学
·
绿色合成
·
分离科学
·
环境科学
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 9.6
Meng Mei,Kaixin Cheng,Yi Zheng,Xinxin Xing,Yude Wang
This study uses In 2 O 3 -ZnO gas sensors for early warning, providing a new pathway for battery safety protection. • The sensor shows high sensitivity to DMC and meets performance requirements for practical early warning scenarios. • The gas sensing mechanism toward DMC provides theoretical support for performance optimization and design of such sensors. • In 2 O 3 -ZnO nanocomposites are highly promising DMC sensing materials, laying the foundation for subsequent device development. During the thermal runaway process of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), signals such as pressure, gases, and temperature are generated. Traditional pressure and temperature monitoring methods have limited capability to capture localized early-stage signals. Insufficient response time can be provided for thermal runaway early warning. In contrast, gas monitoring provides clear advantages, with gas signals appearing far sooner than temperature and pressure signals at the initial phase of thermal runaway. This paper proposes a gas-sensing detection scheme for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) based on In 2 O 3 -ZnO composite materials. DMC is the primary component of LIBs electrolytes whose release precedes that of H 2 and CO, making it a more suitable early warning marker. ZnO and In 2 O 3 nanosheets were first prepared separately via the hydrothermal method. These were then ground and calcined at high temperatures to form a composite material featuring an n-n heterojunction. Characterization confirms that the heterojunction in this composite material effectively enhances the surface adsorbed oxygen content and carrier density. Gas response testing indicates that the In 2 O 3 -ZnO sensor exhibits a lower operating temperature (160 °C), high response, rapid response, and excellent selectivity toward DMC. By integrating density functional theory (DFT) calculations with in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, we reveal that the heterojunction enhances gas sensing performance by improving DMC adsorption capacity and charge transfer efficiency. This sensor not only responds rapidly (<15 s) in simulations of electrolyte leakage caused by puncture but also demonstrates excellent early-warning capabilities in thermal runaway experiments induced by overheating and overcharging, proving its broad applicability in complex electrochemical abuse scenarios. Download: Download high-res image (178KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2026
·
IF 15.6
Kun Shi,Chenyin Peng,Xueling Cheng,Tingting Xu,Zeheng Yang,Weixin Zhang
A long-standing trade-off between fire safety and electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries arises from aggressive parasitic reactions between highly reactive flame retardants and electrodes. Herein, a phosphorus-fixed gel polymer electrolyte is constructed by covalently integrating 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) into a vinylene carbonate-pentaerythritol tetraacrylate copolymer network through phosphorus-hydrogen addition. Covalent fixation confines DOPO within the gel matrix, delivering intrinsic flame retardancy while circumventing detrimental phosphorus-related side reactions. The abundant polar O=P–-O moieties in DOPO not only promote lithium salt dissociation and provide additional coordination sites to facilitate rapid Li + transport, but also actively reshape the Li + solvation environment. Specifically, the DOPO-incorporated polymer tethers solvent molecules and restricts their entry into the primary coordination sheath, shifting the solvation equilibrium toward an anion‑dominated configuration. This solvation reconfiguration fosters LiF‑rich robust interphases on both electrodes, ensuring stable lithium deposition and exceptional oxidative stability. As a result, the as -prepared electrolyte achieves outstanding compatibility exceeding 3500 h against lithium anode, significantly enhanced cycling stability in LiFePO 4 , high-voltage LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 and LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 -based full cells, as well as remarkable tolerance to flame, physical damage, and high-temperature operation. This work establishes a new paradigm for high-safety lithium-ion batteries, where phosphorus-based solvation engineering secures durable electrode interfaces under demanding conditions. The safety-performance trade-off in lithium-ion batteries is overcome by covalently fixing phosphorus-containing flame retardants into a gel polymer electrolyte, which reshapes Li + solvation to form durable LiF-rich interphases for uniform Li deposition and high-voltage stability. Download: Download high-res image (117KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Batteries & Supercaps
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 8
·e70437
·
IF 4.5
Enyong Wang,Haoming Wang,Shengxiang Kang,Xiaohui Liu,Jing Zhang,Lan Xia,Yuejin Zhu,Like Huang
Hybrid halide perovskites (HPs) exhibit soft lattice frameworks and intrinsic ion-migration characteristics, suggesting potential tolerance toward foreign-ion insertion beyond their established optoelectronic applications. However, their structural evolution and electrochemical reaction pathways under lithium insertion remain largely unexplored. In this work, CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 films were fabricated on Cu foil via a facile drop-casting method and systematically investigated as model electrodes for lithium-ion storage. The initial discharge capacity reaches 310.4 mA h g −1 and stabilizes at approximately 120 mA h g −1 after 160 cycles at moderate current density. Detailed electrochemical and structural analyses reveal a multistep lithiation process involving Li + insertion, partial reduction of Pb(II) species, and interfacial alloying reactions accompanied by progressive lattice degradation. The results provide insights into ion-induced structural transformation and interfacial chemistry in HPs under electrochemical environments. Considering their compositional tunability and structural flexibility, HPs may serve as a versatile platform for exploring functional electrochemical layers. Graphical Electrochemical characterization shows that MAPbI 3 halide perovskite is not merely electrochemically active for lithium storage, but undergoes coupled bulk and interfacial evolution during cycling. Materials characterization and schematic analysis reveal that lithium-ion insertion drives lattice distortion in the soft perovskite framework, while near the Cu current collector, the perovskite gains electrons and is reduced to metallic Pb.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
·
2026
·
IF 16.6
Zhou Xichen,Wen Songwei,Hu Xiantao,Ng Wai-Pan,Liang Peng,Wang Shixin,Liu Fei,Zheng Jiajie,Zhou Jingwen,Wu Yan,Sun Yilin,Liu Tianyu,Yang Luyao,Wang Mingyue,Deng Zhikang,Fu Shuting,Zhang Huaqing,Dong Dechen,Wang Zuochao,Li Yuanzhuo,Lu Zigang,Liu Haoran,Liu Junzhi,He Jian,Dai Hongjie
Rechargeable Al-organic batteries using an Al metal anode
and organic
cathode are promising next-generation energy storage devices with
high safety, but with limitations such as large polarization, sloping
charge–discharge curves with low voltages, and fast capacity
decay. Here, we demonstrate high-performance Al-organic batteries
based on amorphous electro-oligomers derived from a new molecule,
1,4-bis(3,7-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)benzene (named
“MILES-1”). MILES-1 underwent in situ electro-oligomerization
into redox-active oligomers with distinct electronic structures on
conductive carbon during battery cycling via terminal carbazole groups.
In our low-cost and nonflammable ternary ionic liquid electrolyte,
MILES-1 electro-oligomers, consisting of approximately seven monomers
with phenothiazine motifs, enabled well-defined charge–discharge
curves and an unprecedentedly high discharge voltage of up to 2.04
V. With a high N and S atoms-to-aryl ratio of 4:5 in the phenylene
bis(phenothiazine) motif, the Al/MILES-1 battery delivered a high
capacity of 137 mAh g –1 with a CE of 99.3% at 200
mA g –1 . Al/MILES-1 batteries presented low self-discharge,
excellent rate performance, and cyclability, and they can operate
over a wide temperature range from −20 to 60 ° C. Our large
Al/MILES-1 pouch cell, with a high mass loading of 25.8 mg cm –2 delivered a reversible capacity of 0.8 Ah and an
areal capacity of 2.5 mAh cm –2 . The combined low
cost, high safety, high mass loading, wide temperature range, improved
energy density, and superior cyclability highlight the potential of
Al-organic batteries as future energy-storage systems.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2026
·Vol. 71
·期 8
·3341-3352
·
IF 2.4
Zhang Lilei,Wang Ye,Ni Xuanyi,Wang Mengxin,Zhou Jingyuan,Qiu Yongsheng,Bu Youzhu,Chen Qingxi,Ma Ning
This study presents a comprehensive investigation of
the molecular
interactions in the binary system of dimethyl carbonate and adiponitrile
(ADN) by integrating thermodynamic measurements, spectroscopic analyses,
and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Experimental data on density,
speed of sound, and refractive index were collected across a temperature
range of 293.15 K–318.15 K, revealing significant nonideal
mixing behavior, including negative excess molar volumes and positive
deviations in speed of sound and refractive index, which intensify
with rising temperature due to enhanced intermolecular interactions.
MD simulations and spectroscopic evidence (Fourier transform infrared
and 1 H NMR) confirm the formation of weak C–H···O
and C–H···N hydrogen-bond-like contacts, providing
a molecular-level explanation for the observed macroscopic properties.
These findings underscore the role of specific dipole–dipole
and charge-transfer effects in governing the system’s behavior,
offering valuable insights for applications in solvent design and
molecular engineering.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 31
·16523-16533
·
IF 3.9
Tian Xin,Liu Wen,Peng Wenchao,Li Chunli,Liu Jiapeng
The green chemical dimethyl carbonate has become indispensable
in multiple industries and is commonly produced by transesterification.
Heterogeneous catalysts have received considerable research attention
owing to their recyclability and environmental benefits. This work
reports a series of Na-doped C 3 N 4 catalysts
with adjustable acid−base sites. The synergistic effect between
acid−base sites significantly enhances methanol adsorption
and dissociation, thereby promoting dimethyl carbonate formation.
Theoretical calculations reveal charge redistribution in 0.15Na-CN,
and the calculated adsorption energy and bond dissociation energy
confirm that the synergistic effect accounts for enhanced methanol
activation. In situ characterization confirms the adsorption and activation
of reactants on the catalyst surfaces. The 0.15Na-CN catalyst achieves
a dimethyl carbonate yield of 89.94% and a selectivity of 99.56% at
80 ° C after 4 h of reaction, with a turnover frequency of 37.37
h −1 . Moreover, 0.15Na-CN demonstrates excellent
catalytic stability. This work provides an approach for the synergistic
catalytic synthesis of dimethyl carbonate.
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MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2026
·Vol. 227
·期 2
·e00444
·
IF 2.7
Shuoshuo Li,Chenxin Yao,Miaoming Huang,Suqin He,Guixun Li,Hao Liu,Wentao Liu,Wanlin Xu,Chengshen Zhu
With the development of miniaturization and integration of electronic devices, heat dissipation has become one of the key issues in the electronic industry. Polymer composites with segregated structure have high thermal conductivity at low content of fillers. However, the weak interactions between matrix and fillers may destroy the mechanical property. In this work, the reversibly cross-linked polythiourethane microspheres (PTUM) are prepared; boron nitride (BN) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are respectively treated with different silane coupling agents to enhance the interaction with PTUM. Then, a special mixing method (heated at 60°C for 10 min and then mechanically mixed for another 20 min) is applied to further make hybrid fillers adhering tightly to the surface of PTUM. The composites show excellent thermal conductivity (0.96 W·m −1 ·K −1 ) and mechanical properties (elongation at break of 696%, tensile strength of 7.3 MPa, and toughness of 24.1 MJ/m 3 ) due to the modified hybrid fillers and segregated structure. Moreover, the composites can be effectively reprocessed due to dynamic bonds exchange. This work supplies a new method for preparing reversibly cross-linked composites with a combination of high thermal conductivity and mechanical property, showing broad applications in flexible electronic devices.
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Nano-Micro Letters
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·245
·
IF 38.5
Wang Peng,Wang Jian,Bai Longwei,Li Na,Zhou Chuancong,Chen Mingyang,Zhang Jialiang,Xing Zhenyue,Zhao Zaowen,Zhang Wei,Shi Xiaodong
An effective and facile injection strategy based on iodine redox chemistry is proposed to restore lost lithium component in spent LiFePO 4 battery.
In-situ spectroscopic characterization is conducted to unveil the underlying redox mechanism of iodine-mediated lithium reactivation, elucidating its impact on both the cathode and anode.
Regenerated LiFePO 4 cells exhibit ~ 7% capacity recovery, fast charge transfer behavior, and extended cycle life beyond 300 cycles at 1C, outperforming conventional direct recycling methods while maintaining superior cyclic stability.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Hong Xufeng,Wang Xizhe,Harris Stephen J.,Zhao Hongbo,Meng Jiashen,Jia Qingshan,Zhao Qianchuan,Xu Kang,Pang Quanquan,Jiang Benben
Designing electrolyte materials for high-energy lithium metal batteries requires navigating vast, discrete chemical spaces, where intricate interphasial and electrolyte chemistries render component interactions largely unclear. Traditional trial-and-error methods struggle with discontinuous electrolyte-performance relationships and inefficient adaptation to new molecular candidates, hindering discovery. Here, we propose a two-stage deep active learning framework with knowledge transfer for rapid electrolyte design. In stage one, deep active learning with deep kernel learning selects informative experiments and models discontinuous relationships between formulation and performance, improving sample efficiency and reducing experimental cost. In stage two, target statistic coding quantifies what was learned and transfers it to new design settings, such as expanded formulation spaces and newly introduced components, using only a small number of additional measurements. Using this framework, we found electrolytes that increase the average lifetime of lithium metal symmetric cells by threefold after three learning iterations, and we rapidly identified improved formulations for Li 0 | |LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 full cells in expanded chemical spaces. This work provides an experiment-driven, sample-efficient route to explore complex electrolyte formulation spaces and quantify inter-component correlations, as well as a realistic, high-cost, small-data benchmark for probabilistic surrogate modeling and sequential decision-making in discrete chemical spaces.
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LANGMUIR
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Penghong Pang,Xiuhua Sun,Changlu Gao
In this study, amphiphilic copolymers with biocompatible and electrically neutral poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) as a hydrophilic block and poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) as a hydrophobic block were synthesized, which were then incorporated into the coating matrix poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PCL–PDMS) for the fabrication of marine coatings. With the hydrolysis of PCL in water, the self-assembled amphiphilic copolymer may be exposed on coating surfaces with the PHEMA block extending to water. Experimental results proved that the hydration effects of hydroxyl groups in the PHEMA block enhanced the surface hydrophilicity and accelerated the weight loss rate. More importantly, the antibacterial rate of the coating against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus can reach 98.41 and 97.67%, respectively, in comparison with those of 55.36 and 51.97%, respectively, for the PCL–PDMS matrix. Additionally, the marine field tests elucidated that the amphiphilic polymers with longer PHEMA chains exhibit stronger antifouling capability in the marine environment. And the marine field tests evidenced that the developed PLMA-b-PHEMA incorporated coatings can withstand biofouling for up to 5 months.
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