Photodynamic therapy utilizes photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under irradiation of light for anticancer. However, due to the strong absorption of visible light by tissues and organs, photodynamic therapy meets challenges in deep tissues. Herein, we propose an upconversion-driven photodynamic therapy combined with chemodynamic therapy based on UCNP@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 @MC540. Upon the excitation of 980 nm laser, the visible emission of upconversion nanoparticles activates MC540 to produce ROS, which is enhanced by Fe 3 O 4 through magnetic field modulation. Subsequently, Fe 3 O 4 degrades under acidic conditions to produce ·OH via Fenton-reaction for chemodynamic therapy. The in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that the two-step cooperative strategy exhibits significant anticancer efficacy. Besides, Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation reveals that the enhancement stems from surface electric field and light absorption. It offers a deeper understanding of phototherapeutic process.
Baojian Jing,Qiwei Zhang,Minghui Liu,Shilin Yang,Jiayu Zhang,Shan Qiu,Ignasi Sirés,Fengxia Deng
Herein, we demonstrate how the magnetic modulation of the e g -orbital occupancy of Co ions can become a novel approach to enhance the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e - ORR) for advanced wastewater treatment by electro-Fenton (EF) process. Nickel foam (NF) substrate coated with ZIF67 was prepared and thermally treated to obtain ferromagnetic NF-supported Co/Co 3 O 4 cathodes, whose response to a small magnetic field was further evaluated in EF. The results show an increase of 62.3 % increase in H 2 O 2 yield and 46.5 % in faradaic efficiency, improving the degradation rate of the antibiotic sulfamerazine from 77.2 % to 92.4 % in 120 min. This enhancement is attributed to improved electron transfer facilitated by the alteration of e g -orbital occupancy of Co ions caused by spin regulation under the magnetic field, rather than to mass transport effects. Therefore, magnetic modulation of the e g -orbital occupancy emerges as a promising strategy to boost EF process for more efficient water decontamination.
DNA methylation aberrations have a strong correlation with cancer in early detection, diagnosis, and prognosis, which make them possible candidate biomarkers. Electrochemical biosensors offer rapid protocols for detecting DNA methylation status with minimal pretreatment of samples. However, the inevitable presence of background current in the time domain, including electrochemical noise and variations, limits the detection performance of these biosensors, especially for low concentration analytes. Here, we propose an ultrasensitive frequency-domain electrochemical analysis strategy to effectively separate the weak signals from background current. To achieve this, we employed periodic magnetic field modulation of magnetic beads (MBs) on and off the electrode surface to generate a periodic electrochemical signal for subsequent frequency-domain analysis. By capturing labeled MBs with as low as 0.5 pg of DNA, we successfully demonstrated a highly sensitive electrochemical method for determination of genome-wide DNA methylation levels. We also validated the effectiveness of this methodology using DNA samples extracted from three types of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. The results revealed varying genomic methylation levels among different HCC cell lines, indicating the potential application of this approach for early-stage cancer detection in terms of DNA methylation status.
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