FIRE TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 58
·期 4
·2077-2091
·
IF 3.605
Nabipour Hafezeh,Shi Hu,Wang Xin,Hu Xiangming,Song Lei,Hu Yuan
Wildfires have been recognized as a natural incident in some forests, however, fire season is now more severe and extensive, even in tropical rainforests in which fire could have damaging impacts. A hydrogel is a 3-D polymeric structure encompassing cross-linked and hydrophilic macromolecules. In comparison with water, hydrogels have shown some superiorities in terms of water-binding, cooling, and sealing, which make them be applied in forest fire prevention programs for improving fire-extinguishing performance. In this study, an environmentally friendly phosphorus-modified methylcellulose/silica hybrid hydrogel was prepared based on the modified methylcellulose by 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide–itaconic acid (DOPO-ITA) and silica nanoparticles. In the fire prevention experiments, the grass treated with the methylcellulose@DOPO-ITA@silica hybrid hydrogel shows self-extinguishing behavior, whereas those treated with ordinary water or methylcellulose hydrogel can be easily ignited after one week. In the firefighting experiments, the methylcellulose@DOPO-ITA@silica hybrid hydrogel displays a much shorter extinguishing time and lower consumption volume than ordinary water and the methylcellulose@DOPO-ITA hydrogel. This work presents an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable cellulose-based hybrid hydrogel for the fire prevention and firefighting of wildfires.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 12
·9467-9478
·
IF 4.6
Fuchao Li,Jianqiang Liu,Enhui Xing,Xiaoli Wei,Jianhong Gong,Yibin Luo,Xingtian Shu
A series of steam and phosphorus modified ZSM-5 samples were prepared to investigate the effect of pore structure and acid property on ethylene oligomerization. Characterization results showed that steam treatment contributed to generate mesopores with pore sizes of 2–3 nm and 10–20 nm, while progressive aggregation of phosphorus species on the exterior surface resulted in blockage of channels. Dealumination of framework aluminum led to a gradual decline in total acidity and acid strength with an increase of steam temperature or P/Al ratio. Sufficient strong acid sites and enhanced accessibility to the inner active sites were crucial factors in conversion of ethylene to liquid fuels. The steam modified sample at 700 °C (HZ-700) obtained the highest yield of liquid fuels up to 78.1%, which demonstrated an increase of 40% in comparison with the unmodified sample. Due to improved diffusional capacity originating from mesopores, HZ-700 showed a higher deactivation stability than the phosphorus modified sample at similar conversion levels. This work will provide some insight into the development of zeolite-based catalyst for ethylene oligomerization to liquid fuels.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
能源材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 48
·期 47
·19797-19810
·
IF 2.7
Meng Lu,Lei Zhong,Yin Wang,Xiaohui Yang,Minghao Zhou
With the emergence of new standards for fire prevention, phenolic foam has attracted increasing attention due to its satisfactory cleanliness and flame retardancy. With the increasing exhaustion of fossil energy and environmental problems, finding renewable energy sources to replace petroleum-derived phenol has become a new research hotspot. Lignin is an ideal renewable resource, which can be used to partially replace phenol in phenolic foam due to its structural similarity to petroleum phenolic compounds. In this paper, lignin sulfate was used as a raw material, an aldehyde group was introduced from an external source, and on this basis, nitrogen and phosphorus modification was carried out to prepare lignin-based flame retardants, which were used to replace phenol in the production of phenolic foam. The nitrogen and phosphorus modification was conducted to prepare the lignin-based flame retardants. It was found that when the amount of flame retardant replaced was 5–20%, the compressive strength of the modified phenolic foam was better than that of pure phenolic foam. The LOI of the modified phenolic foam also improved significantly (to about 59.6%). In addition, the heat release rate, total heat release and total smoke release of the modified phenolic foam decreased obviously. This paper provides an effective method for lignin utilization to prepare bio-based phenolic foams with improved flame retardancy and mechanical properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Fei Ge,Lei Zhong,Xiaohui Yang,Minghao Zhou
In order to improve the flame retardancy of phenolic foam (PF), it is a feasible method to add flame retardants. Due to the similar structure of lignin to phenol, this provides the possibility of developing lignin-based flame retardants to partially replace phenol. In this work, we used kraft lignin as the raw material and prepared oxidized kraft lignin (OL) through the oxidation reaction to increase the carbonyl content in the side chain. Then, a nitrogen and phosphorus lignin-based flame retardant (NP-OL) was prepared by chemical grafting of the side chain with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and pentaethylenehexamine (PEHM), and then nitrogen and phosphorus modified phenolic foam (NPOLPFX) was prepared by partially replacing phenol with NP-OL. The lignin-based flame retardant was then utilized to partially replace phenol for preparing modified phenolic foam. The addition of NP-OL could effectively improve the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and compressive strength of phenolic foam. The LOI and compressive strength of modified phenolic foam (NPOLPF5) with a 5% replacement rate were much higher than those of pure phenolic foam. The cone calorimeter data also showed that NPOLPF5 had good flame retardancy, with significantly lower peak and total heat release rates than PF. This work provides a novel strategy for improving the flame retardancy of phenolic foam and promoting the utilization of lignin.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 3.375
Siquan Xu,Donghui Pan,Yuanfeng Wu,Jingdeng Fan,Ningxin Wu,Lijing Gao,Wenqi Li,Guomin Xiao
The mesoporous SBA-15 has long been used as an adsorbent for the removal of toxic metal ions. Achieving secondary utilize of spent adsorbent is undoubtedly an advisible option for environmental protection and recycling economy. In the present study, phosphoric acid-modified SBA-15 (P-SBA-15) was found to be an available adsorbent, and the composites (Cr3+/P-SBA-15) formed after adsorption of Cr3+ ions have the ability to efficiently catalyze the conversion of xylose and xylan into furfural. The physicochemical properties of the Cr3+/P-SBA-15 composites were characterized, and the effects of various reaction parameters on their catalytic performance were also investigated. Among the Cr3+/P-SBA-15 composites with different Cr3+ contents, the (0.25)Cr3+/P-SBA-15 composite not only achieved excellent 91% and 58% furfural yields from xylose and xylan, but also had almost constant catalytic performance after five cycles. The findings herein provided a reference for achieving high yields of furfural and reuse of spent adsorbents.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2024
·
IF 8.9
Ruizhi Zheng,Renjie Chen,Delong Xie,Xinjie Luo,Yu Wang,Yang Bai,Sihao Yin,Jian Xiang,Hongfei Zhang,Yi Mei
Phosphorus-modified hexadecanol is regarded as a promising heat storage medium for form-stable phase-change materials (FSPCMs) because of its high energy storage density and good thermal stability . In this study, a novel FSPCM was fabricated using phosphorus-modified hexadecanol, 1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-l-phosphabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (PEPA), and pentaerythritol (PER). Among all the samples, FSPCM (P3), containing 9 % PEPA and 3 % PER, exhibited the optimal thermal storage performance and flame-retardant properties. Its latent heat was 122.5 J/g, and its photo-to-heat conversion efficiency was 61.8 %. The limiting oxygen index of P3 approached 29.5 %, and the UL-94 V -0 rating was attained. The decomposition and fire-retardant mechanism were inferred based on the analysis of char residues and the gaseous phase to determine the interaction between the PCMs and flame retardants.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Haoran Yuan,Chengyu Li,Rui Shan,Jun Zhang,Yong Chen
In the present study, selective transformation of waste cassava residues into aromatics via catalytic pyrolysis over as-prepared La and P modified ZSM-5 was systematically investigated, especially in the aspects of product regulation and kinetic analysis. Comprehensive physicochemical characterizations were undertaken for unveiling the essential structural properties of La and P modified ZSM-5. The introduction of La and P species significantly enriched the Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in ZSM-5, thus facilitating the directional pyrolysis of waste cassava residues into aromatics. Higher apparent activation energy for aromatics formation from waste cassava residues pyrolysis in the presence of La and P modified ZSM-5 might be due to the fact that the catalytic pyrolysis belonged to diffusion-controlled gas-solid reaction. In comparison with that of the parent ZSM-5, LaP 2 /ZSM exhibited better performance towards aromatics formation in waste cassava residues pyrolysis, wherein the relative content of aromatics reached 83.3% at a temperature of 650 °C. Gratifyingly, the relative content of aromatics was increased to 90.5% for the catalytic pyrolysis of acid pretreated cassava residue, in the case of LaP 1 /ZSM catalyst.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源与环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 30
·期 11
·4342-4349
·
IF 1.941
Zhou Man,Zhai Shixiong,Song Tiantian,Zhao Hong,Fan Zhuizhui,Ge Fengyan,Zhao Yaping,Xu Bi,Cai Zaisheng
The acrylic adhesives with the flame-retardant property are necessary to meet the safety requirement in electrostatic flocking. In this study, acrylic emulsion chemically modified with phosphorus and silicone, PSE, with core–shell structure, was synthesized by introducing the vinyl silicone oil and phosphor-containing monomer (PAM-100) onto the molecular chain of acrylic ester polymer in the core and shell layer, respectively. Subsequently, the silicone-acrylic adhesive with flame retardation (FR-SA) was prepared by mixing PSE with inorganic flame-retardant, Al(OH) 3 . The acrylic adhesive obtains the excellent flame retardation under a low addition of Al(OH) 3 when the ratio of PAM-100 is 5%, while the commercial adhesive needs a high addition of the inorganic flame retardant to realize the satisfactory performance. FR-SA in this work has a great potential application as intrinsically flame-retardant electrostatic flocking adhesive.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER TESTING
·
2021
·
IF 4.282
Zili Zhou,Jian Qian,Jian Zhang,Yongshuang Cui,Yuanqing Li,Di Tan,Junfei Long,Huiqiang Wu,Qun Liu,Fangliang Guo,Baogang Sun,Hanqiao Shi,Ning Hu,Shaoyun Fu
Herein, epoxy resins for composite liquid oxygen (LOX) fuel tanks are modified with phosphorous flame retardant (DOPO) and brominated epoxy resin (EX48). With the incorporation of DOPO and EX48, the processing properties requirements for the hot-melt prepreg are contented with the significantly enhanced viscosity of the modified epoxy resin. At the same time, the tensile performance, flexural performance and fracture toughness of epoxy resin at room temperature and 90 K are improved with the introduction of DOPO and EX48. In addition, the epoxy resin of EP/P 7.7 /Br 40 offers a highest limited oxygen index of 33.5% and a lowest LOX impact sensitivity of 5% with the eliminated LOX incompatible reactions including explosion and combustion. Consideration of the excellent cryogenic mechanical properties and LOX compatibility, combined with ideal viscosity for hot-melt prepreg preparation, the epoxy resin modified with DOPO and EX48 simultaneously is attractive as the polymer matrix for composite LOX fuel tanks.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2022
·
IF 6.959
Jun Li,Renjie Chen,Yong Luo,Jinming Shi,Xinxin Sheng,Yuhui Xie,Hua Wu,Delong Xie,Yi Mei
Organic phase-change materials (OPCMs) are one of the most preferred media for thermal energy storage (TES) applications but are troubled by their low thermal conductivity, leakage, and flammability problems. Herein, stearyl alcohol (SAL), as an OPCM, was first chemically bonded with phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) to reduce its flammability and then encapsulated in a single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) skeleton to address the low thermal conductivity and leakage issue, obtaining a flame-retardant form-stable phase-change material film (PCMF). As a result, a promising heat storage capacity (191.3 kJ/kg) and superior thermal stability of the modified SAL were achieved as evaluated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) testing. Then, microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) testing was carried out, showing that the peak of the heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the modified SAL were, respectively, reduced by 24.4% and 24.3% compared to bare SAL. After encapsulating the modified SAL into the SWCNT skeleton, the PHRR and THR values of the as-prepared PCMF can be further reduced because of the synergistic effect between the phosphorus group and the SWCNT skeleton, while the electrical and thermal conductivity of the PCMF were significantly improved, simultaneously. In addition, the obtained PCMF presented excellent light-to-thermal conversion and thermal energy storage performance. Thus, the strategy presented in this work provides a general method to extend the OPCMs application with superior flame-retardant properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 2.291
Yu Sang,Hansheng Li
The objective of this work is to investigate the catalytic effect of a series of modified HZSM-5 zeolites on n-decane cracking at 500 °C and atmospheric pressure. The zeolite catalysts were prepared with phosphorus and/or mesopore modification by excessive impregnation and/or hydrothermal treatment , and were characterized with various methods including SEM, TEM , XRD , FTIR, N 2 adsorption-desorption measurement and NH 3 -TPD. Results show that the addition of phosphorus adjusted the distribution and strength of acid sites in the zeolite crystals. The introduced mesoporous structure improved the diffusion of reactants and products in zeolite pores during n-decane cracking. With appropriate acid amounts and distribution, as well as short channels and high specific surface area, the modified HZSM-5 nanoparticles exhibited higher catalytic activity, better light olefins selectivity and longer lifetime, compared with the original HZSM-5 zeolite. The phosphorus modified HZSM-5 zeolites coupling with MCM-41 matrix was proved to be a promising catalyst for the thermal cracking of n-decane.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2017
·
IF 4.636
Wenwu Zhou,Qing Zhang,Yasong Zhou,Qiang Wei,Lin Du,Sijia Ding,Shujiao Jiang,Yanan Zhang
USY zeolites have been modified by incorporation of gallium, phosphorus and a combination of gallium and phosphorus by wetness impregnation method using gallium nitrate and ammounium phosphate diabasic, and the corresponding NiMo supported hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts have been prepared for HDS of an inferior FCC diesel. The individual physical-chemical properties of the modified USY zeolites and the series NiMo supported catalysts were characterized using XRD, N 2 -adsorption-desorption(BET), NH 3 -TPD, Py-FTIR, H 2 -TPR, HRTEM and XPS methods, and their catalytic performances for an inferior FCC diesel HDS were assessed. The results show that both gallium and phosphorus modification can modulate the acid property of USY zeolite and weaken the interaction between the active metal and the supports, thus enhancing the degree of sulfidation and the dispersion of Mo species that are beneficial for the HDS of highly refractory organosulfur compounds. The highest HDS and HDN efficiencies of 99.7% and 99.6%, respectively, were observed over the catalyst containing the PGaUSY zeolite. More importantly, gallium modification of the USY zeolite promotes the hydrodesulfurization of all organosulfur compounds, and especially 4,6-DMDBT, in the FCC diesel and phosphorus modification of the USY zeolite promotes the hydrodesulfurization of most organosulfur compounds except for 4,6-DMDBT in the FCC diesel.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
石油加工工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）