JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 31
·期 3
·1-10
·
IF 2.6
You Pingfeng,Zhang Ping,Chen Pengfei,Xie Ruishi,Chen Lin,Xiong Ying
With the rapid development of society, polymer materials are widely used in automotive, construction, and electronic components due to their excellent properties such as easy processing, cheap price, and corrosion resistance. However, most polymers, such as rubber and leather, suffer from poor mechanical properties, susceptibility to micro cracking and flammability. In this paper, an epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/polylactic acid (PLA)/chitosan (CS)/guanidine phosphate (GP) composites with certain self-healing and flame-retardant properties are successfully prepared. The network structure is constructed by forming thermoplastic elastomers (TVPs) through ENR and PLA, and the amino groups on CS and GP can form hydrogen bonds with ENR, which improves the mechanical properties of ENR/PLA composites and gives the ENR/PLA/CS/GP composites excellent self-healing properties. Meanwhile, CS and GP can also form intumescent flame retardants to improve the flame-retardant properties of ENR/PLA composites. The results show that the mechanical strength of ENR/ PLA /CS/GP composites can reach 4.2 MPa when the addition of CS and GP is 2phr and 4phr, respectively. The self-healing effectiveness of the ENR/PLA/CS/GP composite reaches up to 78% after 3 h at 130 °C. The stress intensity of the original ENR/PLA composite is 3.4Mpa, and that of healing ENR/PLA/CS/GP composite is 3.3Mpa. Meanwhile, the peak heat release rate (HRR) of ENR/PLA could decease 35.8% owing to 2phr CS and 4phr GP.
研究领域:
高分子科学
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材料工程
·
化学工程
·
纳米技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Jian Su,Qiwei Liu,Tao Hu,Xianwei Zhang,Nan Sun,Sai Jiang,Ding Gu,Jianhua Qiu,Han Zhang,Ziyao Zhou
The buried interfacial nonradiative recombination and carrier transport losses in perovskite solar cells, particularly caused by oxygen and iodide vacancy defects at the SnO2/perovskite interface, critically limit their efficiency and stability. Herein, we propose a bifunctional passivation strategy using guanidinium phosphate (GAP), which spatially separates phosphate and guanidine groups to synergistically anchor SnO2 and perovskite interfaces. We systematically demonstrate the multifunctional synergistic roles of GAP molecules at the SnO2/perovskite buried interface, where phosphate groups establish robust coordination bonds with the SnO2 surface to passivate oxygen vacancy defects while optimizing interfacial energy level alignment. At the same time, guanidinium cations suppress the formation of iodine vacancies in the perovskite through electrostatic interactions, induce oriented crystallization, and reduce grain boundary defect density. Additionally, GAP is a bridging molecule that fills interfacial voids, enhancing interfacial bonding strength and improving carrier transport efficiency across the interface. Based on this strategy, the champion device achieves a power conversion efficiency of 24.12% with negligible hysteresis. The unencapsulated devices retain more than 90% of their initial efficiency after 2000 h of aging under a 25% relative humidity. This work establishes a novel paradigm for designing multifunctional molecular passivators, advancing perovskite optoelectronics toward high efficiency and operational stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
·
光伏器件
·
固体物理
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Miao Lei,Junpeng Guo,Qinkai Chen,Chang Liu,Bolin Li,Ye Li
There are abundant uranium resources in salt lake brines, but the high salinity background brings huge challenges to the selective extraction of uranyl. In this work, a novel Ti 3 C 2 T x nanocomposite was constructed by the intercalation of guanidine phosphate (GP) to achieve the selective and effective uranyl extraction. Characterization analyses showed that the intercalation of GP was driven by ion exchange or electrostatic interaction. At the temperature of 35 °C, the adsorption of GP-Ti 3 C 2 T x quickly reached equilibrium after 2 h (q max = 270.7 mg/g). Mechanism investigations showed that the adsorption of uranyl on GP-Ti 3 C 2 T x mainly included electrostatic attraction of oxygen-containing functional groups, chemical reduction by GP, and the coordination of phosphate and guanidine groups. Noteworthy, the adsorption capacity of GP for trace uranium (296.3 ± 13.8 μg/L) in actual brine was 806.3 μg/g. Even if the concentrations of coexisting Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , VO 4 3− and SO 4 2− far exceeded the concentration of salt lake sample, GP-Ti 3 C 2 T x exhibited satisfactory selectivity. Overall, this novel Ti 3 C 2 T x nanocomposite provides new insights into the extraction of uranium from salt lake brines.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 2.2
Song Jiangxiao,Gao Zongchun,Jiang Ziqing,Zhang Yan,Zheng Guangyong,Yu Yihao,Qi Dongming,Wang Jianming,Zhai Shimin
EMI shielding films are increasingly in demand for wireless networks, wearable electronics, and navigation control systems. Given the flammability of polymers and their prolonged high power operation, it is imperative to consider the environmental and human health impact arising from fire incidents during usage. Consequently, there is a strong need to develop easily manageable and highly scalable flame-retardant EMI shielding films. Herein, we present a viable approach for fabricating a series of flexible and flame-retardant films with a sandwich structure that offers adjustable EMI shielding performance. This approach involves coating plating silver nanowires (AgNWs) assisted by polydopamine (PDA) on a commercially available nylon mesh (PA6 mesh), followed by applying a flame-retardant polyvinyl alcohol/guanidine phosphate (PVA/GP) coating. When sprayed coating 0.6 mg/cm 2 AgNWs, the films exhibit an EMI shielding effectiveness (SE T ) up to 55.11 dB, capable of blocking 99.999% of EM waves. Besides, such film possesses remarkable self-extinguishing property and a high thermal diffusion coefficient of 3.54 mm 2 /s. Therefore, the highly lightweight sandwich film holds great promise for multifunctional applications in EMI shielding on a large scale.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Baolin Xiao,Yanbin Wang,Insub Noh,Hyung Do Kim,Nan Zhou,Rong Xu,Jiacheng Zou,Hideo Ohkita,Bin Li,Biaobing Wang
Diffusion or migration of small molecules is not always desirable, and would impose a significantly negative impact on the aging resistance of polymer composites, in particularly when the temperature is above glass transition temperature ( T g ). In this study, an acidic polyimide (PI) was elaborately designed to tie with a base small molecule flame retardant (guanidine phosphate, GP) for suppressing the diffusion of GP in PVA matrix by strong coordinate effect. As expected, PVA/GP composite films with only hydrogen bonding interaction lost UL94 VTM-0 rating, while PVA/PI-GP composite films with dual interactions (hydrogen bond and coordinate bond) still passed UL94 VTM-0 test even they were applied by the same aging treatment (80 °C for 12 h). Meanwhile, the optical transparency and mechanical properties were seriously deteriorated for PVA/GP composite films while these properties were well kept for PVA/PI-GP composite films. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to improve the anti-aging performance of flame retardant polymer composites through acid-base coordination between organic small molecules and polymeric materials. Interestingly, this special effect endowed PI with excellent water-soluble, and can be blended with PVA and GP at molecular level. The dynamic hydrogen bonding interaction further enhanced their compatibility, and the stress imposed on PVA chains can be effectively shared with PI (reinforcing agent) and GP (plasticizer). As a result, the tensile strength and elongation at break increased by 84 % and 225 %, respectively. Encouragingly, the unique combination of PI and GP played a synergistic effect on the flame retardant PVA in the terms of gaseous and condensed phase, and the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) of PVA/PI-GP composite films decreased by 37.4 % and 31.7 % compared to PVA control films, respectively. More excitingly, the water resistance capability was also significantly improved, and the water swelling degree and water solubility sharply decreased from 450.4 % to 69.8 %, and from 41.5 % to 15.7 % owing to the increased hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the PVA/PI-GP composite films are recyclable and possess self-healing capability, and the mechanical properties and optical transparency of beyond 85 % were reserved when they were treated by corresponding treatments. Interestingly, the UV protection was obviously improved while the optical transparency was well kept, this unique property was used in anti-counterfeiting and food preservation.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Soft Matter
·
2021
·Vol. 17
·期 17
·4604-4614
·
IF 3.679
Meihua Gao,Na Du,Zhiyin Yao,Ying Li,Nan Chen,Wanguo Hou
Monoalkyl phosphates (MAPs) are one kind of important single-chain weak acid/salt type surfactants, but the understanding of their aggregation behavior in water is very limited due to their insolubility at room temperature. In the current work, the effect of guanidinium salts (GuSalts) on the solubility of sodium monododecylphosphate (SDP), a typical MAP, in water was determined at 25.0 °C, and the aggregation behavior of SDP in the GuSalt/water mixtures was investigated. The solubility of SDP is significantly improved by GuSalts including GuCl, GuSO4, GuSO3, GuPO4, and GuCO3 at 25.0 °C, resulting in an isotropic phase. SDP vesicles are spontaneously formed in the isotropic phase, with a critical vesicle concentration of ∼1.0 mM independent of the type of GuSalts. A “bridging dimer” mechanism is proposed to explain the formation of SDP vesicles. The SDP vesicles have a unilamellar structure with a size of ∼80 nm and an alkyl interdigitated degree of ∼25%, and exhibit size-selective permeability. Interestingly, a temperature-induced reversible transition between vesicles and α-gels was observed for the SDP/GuSalt/H2O systems when the SDP content is higher than 20 mM. The α-gels obtained are composed of vesicles and bilayer sheets, showing similar viscoelasticity to conventional gels, although their water content is as high as ∼98 wt%. The microviscosity of SDP vesicle membranes (ca. 35.79–49.34 mPa s at 25.0 °C) and the transition temperature between vesicles and α-gels (ca. 21.0–22.8 °C) are all dependent of the type of GuSalts. This work deepens the understanding of the aggregation behavior of MAPs and also provides valuable information for their practical applications.
研究领域:
生物化学
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软物质科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2020
·
IF 5.065
Xiang Meng,Rui Hu
Nitrogen/phosphorus enriched biochars with enhanced porosity were prepared through a one-step pyrolysis of bamboo sawdust activated by guanidine phosphate (GP). The thermal decomposition of GP released alkaline gas and hydrogen proton to create more micropores in biochar matrix which were extended to be mesopores further. Nitrogenous/phosphorous moieties of GP were introduced into biochars efficiently via cross-linking with the carbon skeleton. GP-activated biochar pyrolyzed at 450 °C exhibited enriched surface functional groups (11.3 at.% for N, 4.1 at.% for P), resulting in high sorption capacities for aquatic Pb(II) (166.2 mg/g), Cu(II) (81.7 mg/g), and Cd(II) (60.3 mg/g). Pb(II) was passivated fast with the formation of minerals including Pb 5 (PO 4 ) 3 OH and Pb 5 (PO 4 ) 3 Cl. Cu(II) was strongly coordinated with the N-containing species especially pyridinic N. Cd(II) was also captured efficiently due to the chemical complexation, cation exchange and cation-π bonds. GP-activated biochars could be well-recycling used to capture these heavy metals. Regarding these, the activation of biomass residuals could be an efficient approach to functionalize the surface of biochars with enhanced porosity, which is great benefiting for the immobilization of heavy metals from contaminated water.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2014
·
IF 2.633
Fangfang Jin,Yin Xia,Zongwen Mao,Yifei Ding,Yong Guan,Anna Zheng
An intumescent fire retardant (IFR) system based on guanidine phosphate (GP) and pentaerythritol (PER) was proposed. Decomposition products of GP were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) combined with pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyrolysis GC–MS) at first. The pure intumescent fire retardant (IFR) GP-PER was studied then. When the IFR was combusted, the special spherical shell-shaped foam was generated. The foam was made up of soluble phosphorus degradation products (PDPs) and insoluble nitrogenous - carbonaceous char consisting of fused ring and heterocyclic ring structures derived from the degradation products of pentaerythritol phosphate esters and condensed cyanamide derivatives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy as well as Ion chromatography (IC) and elemental analysis were used to study the morphology and the moieties of the foam. The mechanism of the special foam formation was proposed with the help of TGA results in the paper. Eventually, mixtures of this IFR blended in polypropylene (PP) matrix were prepared and the fire retardancy was studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the variation of the foam moieties from 270 °C to 500 °C. Experiments proved the optimal mass ratio of GP and PER is 2:1 to get fire retardancy in PP matrix. With an addition of 25 wt%, the limited oxygen index (LOI) could reach 31% and vertical burning ratings (UL-94 tests) reach a V-0 rating.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
火灾安全工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 8
·1689
·
IF 3.426
Shan Jiang,Cheng Ji,Dan Zha,Yonghong Ding,Dun Wu,Qiang Yu
Composites based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and surface-modified carbon microspheres (CMSs) were prepared by melt mixing. The surface modification of CMSs was conducted with low-temperature plasma technology first, and a phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant, guanidine phosphate (GDP), was then grafted onto CMSs. The modification of CMSs was done to improve both the filler dispersity in the PET matrix and the flame-retardant performance of composites. The obtained CMSs-GDP was characterized by FTIR spectra and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The grafting ratio was characterized and calculated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The grain size analysis was used to describe the dispersity of CMSs. The mechanical properties of the PET/CMSs-GDP composite were measured using a universal testing machine. The PET/CMSs-GDP composite can achieve a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 32.4% and a vertical burning test (UL94) V-0 rating at 3% CMSs-GDP loading.Keywords:PET;carbon microspheres;flame retardant;guanidine phosphate;surface modification
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 5.907
Kecan Zhang,Jing Li,Liang He,Qingqing Guan,Ximeng Xu,Rongrong Miao,Minli Wang,Huajing Zhou
Layered double hydroxides (LDH) was proved as preferable retardants for lignocellulosic materials . In this study, Mg/Al-LDH was selected and one-step modified by GP which exhibited superior characteristics of flame retardancy and non-toxicity. Results showed that more complete two-dimensional layered structure with suitable crystal particle size was formed for GP modified LDH. Specifically, GP 3 -LDH not only enhanced the thermal stability of cellulosic composites, but also assisted the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) in declining 42.5% and 22.7% compared with those added with non-modified Mg/Al-LDH. In addition, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) achieved as high as 27.7% with 15 wt% addition, indicating the successful modification with GP for outstanding flame-retardant performance, low addition and controlled strength of cellulosic composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
消防安全工程
·
复合材料
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2023
·
IF 6
Xuelian Yan,Peiling Yuan,Xiang Meng,Rui Hu
With the assistance of preinstalled silica templates, polymeric graphitic carbon nitride with enhanced porosity suffers from complicated procedures and by-product wastes. Besides, it is still difficult to achieve the incorporation of phosphate groups with high contents on carbon-based materials (mostly < 1.0 at.% of P) via a one-step preparation since phosphate species on the surfaces of sorbents could complex heavy metals strongly from wastewaters. Given the porosity engineering of guanidine phosphate (GP) for carbonaceous materials, GP activated graphitic carbon nitrides (GPCNs) with developed surface area (4.2–4.8 fold of enhancement than inactivated one) and abundant phosphate groups (9.9–16.7 at.% of P) were fabricated via a one-step pyrolysis at 450, 500, and 550 °C. On this basis, the sorption of Pb(II) on GPCNs were studied under geochemical conditions including contact time, solution pH, ionic strength, humic acid concentration, interfering cations and anions, and temperature. GPCN pyrolyzed at 500 °C could capture Pb(II) rapidly (20.0 min) with superior maximum capacities (81.8–217.1 mg/g at pH 5.0, T 298 K), excellent selectivity coefficients (8.10–16.54) and favorable reusability (81.4% of capacity remained). The formation of minerals was dominant for the selectivity rather than ion exchange or surface coordination, etc. This work starts up the facile activation of carbon nitride with developed porosity and surface functionality to manage aquatic pollutants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Forests
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 4
·741
·
IF 2.9
Yutao Yan,Jinhui Wang,Zhou Shen,Haiming Bi,Baoqing Shentu
In this study, fire-retardant plywood was fabricated using a simple guanidine phosphate (GP) impregnation treatment of the veneers, and the influence of the treatment on the flame resistance and bonding strength of the plywood was fully investigated. The results showed that GP modification could effectively endow the plywood with excellent fire resistance and smoke-suppression effect. When 10% GP solution was applied, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the impregnated wood was up to 37%, which was almost twice of unmodified plywood. The heat-release rate (HRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were also greatly decreased from the pristine 94.14 MJ/m2and 0.77 m2to that of modified 43.94 MJ/m2and 0.08 m2, respectively. The excellent fireproof performance was mainly due to the thermal decomposition of GP to phosphoric acid and guanidine during combustion, which could promote the catalytic carbonization of wood and release of incombustible CO2and NH3to dilute and decrease the combustible gases, thus collectively preventing the wood form burning. However, the guanidine phosphate modification could seriously damage the bond performance of plywood, especially the UF resin adhesive-bonded plywood. When 10% guanidine phosphate was applied, the dry and wet bonding strength of the UF resin adhesive-bonded plywood were decreased to only 0.7 MPa and 0.12 MPa, respectively, which may be due to the blocking effect of GP in wood pores and the hygroscopic and soluble properties of GP itself in water, thus decreasing the effective bonding between wood veneers. What’s worse, the poor water resistance of the UF resin adhesive was also adverse to the bonding strength of plywood. Surprisingly, the PF resin adhesive was proved to be suitable for gluing the GP-modified wood without obviously decreasing the bonding strength, which could be used to prepare plywood with both high bonding strength and flame resistance.Keywords:guanidine phosphate;plywood;flame resistance;catalytic carbonization;bonding performance;blocking effect
研究领域:
木材科学
·
防火材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）