JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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2017
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IF 4.01
Xueyi Guo,Xiao Cao,Guoyong Huang,Qinghua Tian,Hongyu Sun
A novel process of lithium recovery as lithium ion sieve from the effluent obtained in the process of spent lithium-ion batteries recycling is developed. Through a two-stage precipitation process using Na 2 CO 3 and Na 3 PO 4 as precipitants , lithium is recovered as raw Li 2 CO 3 and pure Li 3 PO 4 , respectively. Under the best reaction condition (both the amounts of Na 2 CO 3 and Li 3 PO 4 vs . the theoretical ones are about 1.1), the corresponding recovery rates of lithium (calculated based on the concentration of the previous stage) are 74.72% and 92.21%, respectively. The raw Li 2 CO 3 containing the impurity of Na 2 CO 3 is used to prepare LiMn 2 O 4 as lithium ion sieve, and the tolerant level of sodium on its property is studied through batch tests of adsorption capacity and corrosion resistance . When the weight percentage of Na 2 CO 3 in raw Li 2 CO 3 is controlled less than 10%, the Mn corrosion percentage of LiMn 2 O 4 decreases to 21.07%, and the adsorption capacity can still keep at 40.08 mg g −1 . The results reveal that the conventional separation sodium from lithium may be avoided through the application of the raw Li 2 CO 3 in the field of lithium ion sieve.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2024
·
IF 8.9
Jinping Mu,Xiaohui Li,Rui He,Lijing Sun,Xue Bai,Lihui Zhang,Peng Liu,Zhenfa Liu,Jing Gao,Aijia Wei
High-voltage lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) cathode are considered promising energy sources due to their high energy density . However, enhancing the stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface remains critical for the practical application of LIBs. In this work, lithium-containing inorganic phosphates (LiPO 3 , Li 3 PO 4 , and LiH 2 PO 4 ) were used as multifunctional inorganic additives to improve the stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface in 5.0 V, LNMO-based LIBs with carbonate-based electrolytes. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental evaluations of the electrochemical performance , LiPO 3 was selected as the optimal additive for further study in LNMO/Li and LNMO/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 cells. The LNMO/Li half-cells with LiPO 3 delivered an initial discharge capacity of 108.8 mAh∙g −1 and retained a capacity of 94.9 % after 500 cycles at 5C, compared to 75.1 mAh∙g −1 and 79.4 % for the standard electrolyte. The increased cycling stability was ascribed to the ability of the multifunctional, film-forming LiPO 3 additive to form stable interfacial films on both the cathode and anode , thus, inhibiting side reactions between the electrodes and electrolyte. Moreover, as an HF scavenger, LiPO 3 reduced the HF content in the electrolyte to ensure the structural integrity of LNMO and inhibit the dissolution of transition metal ions . In the LNMO/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 full cells, the addition of LiPO 3 effectively enhanced the cycling performance, and the capacity retention after 400 cycles at 5C was 79.1 %, compared to only 12.3 % for the standard electrolyte. Considering its simplicity, low cost, and feasibility, the addition of LiPO 3 as a multifunctional electrolyte additive showed excellent prospects for commercial applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2025
·
IF 7.9
Haozheng Hu,Yaochun Yao,Xianghao Meng,Yin Li,Keyu Zhang,Shaoze Zhang,Yusong Yang,Yanqiu Xu,Junxian Hu
With the growing retirement of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) batteries, advanced recycling strategies are garnering widespread attention for resource sustainability. However, key issues such as high costs and improper disposal of hazardous waste urgently need to be addressed. Therefore, this paper proposes a systematic, green, and sustainable recycling process for spent LiFePO4 batteries. This method employs potassium pyrosulfate as a leaching agent to replace traditional inorganic acids, thereby reducing the negative environmental impact. Under optimal experimental conditions, the lithium (Li) leaching rate reaches 98.33 %, while the iron (Fe) leaching rate remains below 0.5 %, demonstrating high selectivity. The leaching process of LiFePO 4 in potassium pyrosulfate-hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution follows an Avrami kinetic model: l n k + n l n t = ln ( − ln ( 1 − x ) ) with an apparent activation energy of 18.69 kJ mol-1. This process is limited by both chemical and diffusion reactions. The recovered products, lithium carbonate and iron phosphate are utilized to synthesize regenerated LiFePO 4 . Compared to waste LiFePO 4 and fresh LiFePO 4 , the regenerated LiFePO 4 exhibits good electrochemical performance. Finally, an economic analysis reveals that the designed regeneration pathway possesses significant recovery value potential. This study proposes an efficient, economical, and sustainable closed-loop recycling technology for used lithium-ion batteries, facilitating resource recovery and environmental protection.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Technology & Innovation
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2021
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IF 5.263
Huajian Shentu,Bo Xiang,Ya-Jun Cheng,Tao Dong,Jie Gao,Yonggao Xia
A new recovery method for fast and efficient selective leaching of lithium from lithium iron phosphate cathode powder is proposed. Lithium is expelled out of the Oliver crystal structure of lithium iron phosphate due to oxidation of Fe 2 + into Fe 3 + by ammonium persulfate. 99% of lithium is therefore leached at 40 °C with only 1.1 times the amount of ammonium persulfate without the help of acid treatment. The use of ammonium persulfate also avoids the necessity to remove other metal ions in the later purification process. Various characterization methods including SEM, XPS, XRD are used to explore the experimental leaching mechanism. Theoretical investigations are performed which reveals the E-pH diagram of Fe–P–Li–H 2 O thermodynamic equilibrium . It confirms the possibility and suggests appropriate pH range allowing direct conversion from lithium iron phosphate to iron phosphate with great energy saving and reduced use of acid and base. Based on the experimental and theoretical results, a green and efficient closed-loop recycling route for lithium iron phosphate is proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
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2019
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IF 0
Dandan Zhu,Lei Zhang,Yuhao Huang,Jiayu Li,Hui Fan,Hongyu Wang
In dual-ion batteries, the electrolyte solutions of LiPF6 dissolved into ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) have demonstrated excellent compatibility with a graphite positive electrode. To further optimize the solutions, typical concentrations of LiPF6 are applied in Li/graphite cells. Traditional electrochemical tests, including galvanostatic charge–discharge and cyclic voltammetry, preliminarily verify that 2 M LiPF6-EMC is an appropriate choice for electrolyte solution. Furthermore, in situ XRD combined with EQCM clarified the crystal structural evolutions of the graphite electrode and the mass change during the PF6– anion storage in the graphite electrode. EMC transport is discovered in the opposite direction of the anion transport between the graphite electrode and the electrolyte solutions. NMR and IR analyses were explored to characterize the solvation states of anions in the solutions. In addition, the long-term cycling and rate capability of the graphite electrode are tested to address EMC’s role. A suitable concentration of EMC is vital for the satisfactory performance of the graphite positive electrode.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Jing Hu,Zhenyu Wang,Huimin Yuan,Mingyang Yang,Jingjing Chen,Xuelian Fu,Zhiqiang Wang,Wen Luo,Yongcong Huang,Fangchang Zhang,Chen Liu,Zhouguang Lu
Li dendrite and the shuttle effect are the two primary hindrances to the commercial application of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs). Here, a multifunctional separator has been fabricated via successively coating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and lithium phytate (LP) onto a commercial polypropylene (PP) separator to improve the performance of LSBs. The LP coating layer with abundant electronegative phosphate group as permselective ion sieve not only reduces the polysulfide shuttle but also facilitates uniform Li+ flux through the PP separator. And the highly conductive CNTs on the second layer act as a second collector to accelerate the reversible conversion of sulfide species. The synergistic effect of LP and CNTs further increases the electrolyte wettability and reaction kinetics of cells with a modified separator and suppresses the shuttle effect and growth of Li dendrite. Consequently, the LSBs present much enhanced rate performance and cyclic performance. It is expected that this study may generate an executable tactic for interface engineering of separator to accelerate the industrial application process of LSBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2025
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IF 9.5
Jiaqi Huang,Xinglin Tang,Yuqi Zhou,Ting Wang,Fangzhou Zhao,Weijian Wang,Yan Meng,Wanglai Cen,Yongzhi Zhang
The practical application of manganese-rich lithium manganese iron phosphate, i.e., LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4, is limited by poor cycling stability and severe voltage decay. In this study, a novel and facile Zn-gradient doping strategy has been employed to enhance the structural stability and lithium-ion de-intercalation kinetics, thereby suppressing the voltage decay of LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4/C (LMFP/C). Compared to the pristine LMFP/C, the Zn-gradient doped LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4/C (Zn-LMFP/C) exhibits significantly enhanced cycling stability with the capacity retention increasing from 64.11% to 97.47% and suppressed voltage decay with the energy retention increasing from 60.75% to 96.06% after 300 cycles at 1C. Furthermore, the reversible capacity of Zn-LMFP/C is 157.21 mA h g−1 at 0.1C and 138.88 mA h g−1 at 5C, much higher than those of most of the Mn-rich LMFP/C materials reported in previous literature. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) results show that the delithiation/lithiation kinetics of Zn-LMFP/C are notably enhanced. Further first-principles calculations confirm that Zn-LMFP/C possesses superior structural stability and lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. These findings underscore the effectiveness of gradient doping in improving the electrochemical stability of LMFP, providing a promising strategy to mitigate voltage decay and enhance the long-term performance of high-capacity cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2016
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IF 4.803
Jingpeng Wang,Chunyu Du,Xing Xu,Xiaoshu He,Geping Yin,Yulin Ma,Pengjian Zuo,Xinqun Cheng,Yunzhi Gao
A facile high-temperature solid phase approach is employed to coat lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) layer on the concentration gradient Li[Ni 0.73 Co 0.12 Mn 0.15 ]O 2 material with Ni-rich core and Ni-poor surface. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrate that LiPON forms an even coating with ∼4 nm of thickness on the surface without destroying the bulk structure of Li[Ni 0.73 Co 0.12 Mn 0.15 ]O 2 material. The LiPON-coated concentration gradient Li[Ni 0.73 Co 0.12 Mn 0.15 ]O 2 material exhibits a capacity retention of 87.3% at 25 °C after 1000 cycles and 89.9% at 55 °C after 250 cycles, which is 36.1% and 17.2% higher than that of pristine Li[Ni 0.73 Co 0.12 Mn 0.15 ]O 2 material, respectively, under the same operating conditions. This significantly improved cycling performance is ascribed to the noncrystalline LiPON layer on the surface, which provides a reliable interface protection. The LiPON coating is an effective approach to enhancing the electrochemical performance of electrode materials for lithium ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Junkun Liu,Jiaxing Qi,Boyu Wang,Yunju Wang,Guobao Xu,Hongyu Wang
LiPF6 dissolved in dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is one of the cheapest groups of electrolyte solutions in dual-ion batteries. Generally, the discharge capacity of anion storage delivered by the graphite cathode grows with increasing LiPF6 concentration. This fact is consistent with the irreversible storage of DMC-solvated PF6–, and then, the underlying mechanism is clarified by the electrochemical tests and ex situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of graphite cathodes as well as infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy characterizations of solutions. Moreover, quaternary ammonium salts have facile dissociation, which can effectively regulate the solvation state of the anion and the interaction between ion pairs in the electrolyte. A small amount of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF6) is introduced into the highly concentrated LiPF6-DMC solution to improve the performance of the graphite cathode. The discharge capacity of the Li/graphite cell has increased by approximately 50%. This effect is also correlated with the solvation state of the anion. This study provides an insightful clue for the choice of electrolyte solution in dual-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SOLID STATE IONICS
·
2022
·
IF 3.699
Yaobo Jia,Hui Zhong,Zhen Wang
Nickel-rich LiNi x Co y Mn z O 2 (x ≥ 80%) cathode materials have good commercial prospects in lithium-ion batteries because of high energy density . However, defects in Ni-rich cathodes, which arise from structural instability and surface erosion by electrolyte during the charge/discharge processes, impair electrochemical performance . We propose a simple co-precipitation and in situ coating method to form aluminum‑titanium co-doped, Li 3 PO 4 -coated LiNi 0.83 Co 0.11 Mn 0.06 O 2 (NCM) material to eliminate defects in Ni-rich cathodes. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction suggested that a 4-nm thick film was formed on the surface of NCM particles. The electrochemical properties of the modified NCM material were improved: (i) NCMAl 0.3x Ti 1.7x @(Li 3 PO 4 ) 3x (x = 0.0036) achieved a specific discharge capacity of 166.4 mAh g −1 after 100 charge/discharge cycles, compared with the discharge capacity of 125.8 mAh g −1 for unmodified NCM. The retention rate was enhanced from 72.4% for NCM to 91.0% for modified NCM. (ii) The modified NCM had a higher initial discharge capacity from 81.3% to 87.9% and improved cyclic stability, lower Li + /Ni 2+ cation mixing, and higher ionic conductivity .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2020
·
IF 8.758
Along Zhao,Faping Zhong,Xiangming Feng,Weihua Chen,Xinping Ai,Hanxi Yang,Yuliang Cao
The global consumption for lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) has increased dramatically with the rapid growth of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) for large-scale electric energy storage applications. Conventional LiPF6 production has a high cost and high energy consumption due to complicated separation and purification processes. Here, based on the electrode materials of LiMn2O4 and polyaniline (PANI), we propose a facile electrochemical extraction/release process for LiPF6 electrolyte production. This new technology consists of two independent steps: a PF6–- and Li+-extracting step using a PANI/LixMn2O4 cell in aqueous solution (an ion extraction step) and a LiPF6 electrolyte production step from the charged LiMn2O4/PANI+PF6– cell in an organic electrolyte (an ion release step). This new process can effectively avoid the contamination of HF residue in the final product, providing a great possibility to create a facile, energy-efficient, and low-cost LiPF6 electrolyte production.
研究领域:
电化学
·
能源材料
·
锂离子电池
·
电解质工程
·
功能材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2022
·
IF 6.959
Yuanchao Li,Baoyan Xing,Zhenguang Wang,Huishuang Zhang,Yanyan Liu,Jianchun Jiang,Shuting Yang,Baojun Li
The construction of an ionic/electronic conducting network is crucial for achieving satisfactory electrochemical performances of LiMnPO4 materials because of their low conductivity and the dissolution of Mn2+. Herein, a hierarchical LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4/C composite comodified with Li3PO4 and graphite is synthesized via a facile solid-state method combined with freeze drying. The ionic conductor Li3PO4 in situ generated can improve the lithium-ion conductivity and inhibit the reaction of Mn ions with electrolytes. An electronic conducting network is formed through the secondary coating graphite and the residual carbon in situ created within the grain boundaries of LiMnPO4 nanocrystallites. Taking advantage of the synergy effect, the Li3PO4 and graphite comodified LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4/C material yields an initial discharge capacity of 150 mA h g–1at 0.1 C, a high-rate reversible capacity of 136 mA h g–1at 5 C, and a long-term capacity retention of 91.6% after 500 cycles at 2 C. The design strategy provides a significant inspiration for the development of high-performance cathode materials with practical application.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
纳米科技
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能源存储
·
固体化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）