PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2023
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IF 4.7
Ke Hu,Rongyu Li,Feixu Mo,Yi Ding,Aiai Zhou,Xue Guo,Ruotong Li,Min Li,Minggui Ou,Ming Li
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a traditional Chinese herbal medicinal plant . However, the frequent occurrence of soft rot disease (SRD) is one of the most harmful diseases in D. officinale production in recent years, which can seriously affect its yield and quality. In this study, the major pathogenic fungus (SR-1) was isolated from D. officinale with typical symptoms of SRD, and was identified as Fusarium oxysporum through morphological and molecular identification. The biological activities of five natural products were determined against F. oxysporum using a mycelial growth inhibition assay. The results showed that osthole had the highest antifungal activity against F. oxysporum , with an EC 50 value of 6.40 mg/L. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that osthole caused F. oxysporum mycelia to shrink and deform. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the organelles were blurred and the cell wall was thickened in the presence of osthole. The sensitivity of F. oxysporum to calcofluor white (CFW) staining was significantly enhanced by osthole. Relative conductivity measurements and propidium iodide (PI) observation revealed that osthole had no significant effect on the cell membrane. Further experiments showed that the activity of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase were decreased, and expression levels of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase related genes were significantly down-regulated after treatment with osthole. In conclusion, osthole disrupted the cell wall integrity and dynamic balance of F. oxysporum , thereby inhibiting normal mycelial growth.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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药用植物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
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2022
·Vol. 27
·期 13
·4268
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IF 4.927
Jie Wang,Yuntian Xing,Yang Dai,Yingnan Li,Wenyan Xiang,Jianrong Dai,Fei Xu
Pomacea canaliculata, one of the 100 most destructive invasive species in the world, and it is an important intermediate host ofAngiostrongylus cantonensis. The molluscicides in current use are an effective method for controlling snails. However, most molluscicides have no slow-release effect and are toxic to nontarget organisms. Thus, these molluscicides cannot be used on a large scale to effectively act on snails. In this study, gelatin, a safe and nontoxic substance, was combined with sustained-release molluscicide and was found to reduce the toxicity of niclosamide to nontarget organisms. We assessed the effects of gelatin and molluscicide in controllingP. canaliculatasnails and eggs. The results demonstrated that the niclosamide retention time with 1.0% and 1.5% gelatin sustained-release agents reached 20 days. Additionally, the mortality rate ofP. canaliculataand their eggs increased as the concentration of the niclosamide sustained-release agents increased. The adult mortality rate ofP. canaliculatareached 50% after the snails were exposed to gelatin with 0.1 mg/L niclosamide for 48 h. The hatching rate ofP. canaliculatawas only 28.5% of the normal group after the treatment was applied. The sustained-release molluscicide at this concentration was less toxic to zebrafish, which means that this molluscicide can increase the safety of niclosamide to controlP. canaliculatain aquatic environments. In this study, we explored the safety of using niclosamide sustained-release agents with gelatin againstP. canaliculata. The results suggest that gelatin is an ideal sustained-release agent that can provide a foundation for subsequent improvements in control ofP. canaliculata.Keywords:invasive species;biological material carrier for sustained drug;Pomacea canaliculatacontrol;environmental safety
研究领域:
生态学
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环境科学
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药物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2023
·
IF 6.8
Dongxia Liang,Yinshi Li,Shuoyu Li,Dele Meng,Fengchun Li,Siying Huang,Maojian Gong,Junhao Qin,Huashou Li
Glyphosate (GLY) is the most widely used herbicide worldwide, and its effects on animals and plants have attracted increasing attention. In this study, we explored the following: (1) the effects of multigenerational chronic exposure to GLY and H 2 O 2, alone or in combination, on the egg hatching rate and individual morphology of Pomacea canaliculata ; and (2) the effects of short-term chronic exposure to GLY and H 2 O 2 , alone or in combination, on the reproductive system of P. canaliculata . The results showed that H 2 O 2 and GLY exposure had distinct inhibitory effects on the hatching rate and individual growth indices with a substantial dose effect, and the F1 generation had the lowest resistance. In addition, with the prolongation of exposure time, the ovarian tissue was damaged, and the fecundity decreased; however, the snails could still lay eggs. In conclusion, these results suggest that P. canaliculata can tolerate low concentrations of pollution and in addition to drug dosage, the control should focus on two time points, the juvenile and early stage of spawning.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
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水生生物学
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生态毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）