Hui-Ying Xu,Meng-Ting Jiang,Yu-Feng Yang,Yisha Huang,Wei-Dong Yang,Hong-Ye Li,Xiang Wang
Fucoxanthin, an abundant carotenoid in marine algae, has garnered attention for its diverse health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and damage. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of fucoxanthin extracted from Phaeodactylum tricornutum in collagen-induced RA. Our results demonstrated that fucoxanthin significantly alleviated RA symptoms, including weight loss, joint swelling, and decreased appetite. Histological analysis revealed that fucoxanthin mitigated synovial inflammation, cartilage damage, and bone erosion. Mechanistically, transcriptomic analysis and cell experiments indicated that fucoxanthin suppressed the JAK-STAT signaling pathway by downregulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-1β. Furthermore, metagenomic analysis suggested that fucoxanthin restored the altered gut microbiota composition associated with RA. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of fucoxanthin from P. tricornutum in the management of RA by targeting multiple pathways, including inflammation and gut microbiota.
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders pose significant health challenges. Fucoxanthin, a lipophilic compound, has shown promising anti-obesity potential, but its poor solubility and bioavailability limit therapeutic efficacy. The successful formulation of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) amplified fucoxanthin’s efficacy in mitigating obesity and the associated metabolic dysregulation. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were treated with free fucoxanthin, lyophilized SLNs (L-SLN), and dispersed SLNs (D-SLN) loaded with fucoxanthin. The intervention with D-SLN demonstrated the most significant reduction in body weight gain (29.94%) and fat mass gain (61.80%) compared to the HFD group (p< 0.05), alongside notable improvements in metabolic indicators including fasting blood glucose, liver enzymes, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers such as leptin and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) levels. Histopathological evaluation corroborated these findings, showing highly reduced hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and improved adipocyte and testicular morphology. This advancement paved the way for translating fucoxanthin into a clinically effective anti-obesity agent.
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