A new low-cost composite of ZnCoxFe2−xO4 loaded on rice hull carbon (ZnCoxFe2−xO4-RHC) was synthesized via waste ferrous sulfate (the industrial waste produced in the process of producing titanium dioxide) and rice hull as raw materials, which was applied for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by heterogeneous activated peroxodisulfate (PS). A series of characterizations including XRD, SEM, FTIR, and BET analysis were carried out to analyze the structure and morphology of the materials. It is confirmed that the ZnCoxFe2−xO4-RHC composites show better catalytic activity and performance than other control samples, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe and Co, ZnCoxFe2−xO4 and RHC based on these analyses. The degradation rate of BPA by ZnCo1.3Fe0.7O4-50%RHC reached 100% within 15 min, and it can still maintain good catalytic efficiency after 5 cycles. ESR test and XPS results showed that free radical and non-free radical processes were involved in BPA degradation. These findings offer a novel, low cost and simple strategy for rational design and modulation of catalysts for the industrial degradation of organic pollutants, and provide a new idea for the utilization of waste ferrous sulphate in titanium dioxide industry.
Wan-Yue Xie,Chen Ling,Zhen-Yu Huang,Wei-Chang Chen,Shi-Fu He,Li-ping Si,Hai-Yang Liu
Rice husk (RH) is one of the most abundant biomass having a unique natural structure. Herein, the highly porous rice husk carbon material (RHC) has been prepared. After loading metal (Fe, Co, Mn, Cu) complex of tetra-phenylporphyrin (TPP) and the followed calcination , a new kind of metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) electrocatalyst (MTPP/RHC) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was obtained. It was found that all prepared catalysts showed good ORR performance and the activity follows an order of Fe > Co > Mn > Cu catalyst. The best FeTPP/RHC catalyst exhibited an ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.88 V (E onset = 0.96 V) and excellent long-term stability (97% retention after 30000s). In the constructed zinc-air battery, it even showed a higher specific capacity (766 mAh/g) and superior reversibility than commercial Pt/C catalysts. This work provides a new practical protocol for ORR electrocatalysts.
A novel carbon nanoparticle co-doped with sulfur and nitrogen (S, N CN) was prepared from rice husk powder through a hydrothermal reaction. A series of modern analysis techniques was utilized to characterize the morphology, structure, and components of the S, N CN nanoparticles. Their tribological properties as a lubricating additive to polyethylene glycol (PEG200) base oil were investigated using a UMT-2 sliding tribometer. Results showed that the average diameter of nanoparticles were approximately 16 nm. The nanoparticles mainly included C, O, N, and S. The I D /I G value of S, N CN was 2.63. PEG200 that included different contents of S, N CN displayed remarkable lubricating performance compared with pure PEG200 under different loads (8, 20, 40, and 100 N). When 0.1 wt% S, N CN was dispersed in base oil, the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased by 16.6% and 75.9%, respectively. The friction and wear mechanisms were attributed to robust tribo-films that had developed as a result of tribo-chemical reactions induced by the S, N CN particles, comprising nitrides, sulfides, and metal oxides to promote wear resistance and friction reduction properties of PEG200.
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