ULTRASONICS
·
2023
·
IF 4.2
Qi Zhang,Guofeng Zhang,Lan Luo,Zijun Liu,Yifei Zhu,Zheng Fan,Xiasheng Guo,Xiaoge Wu,Dong Zhang,Juan Tu
Ultrasonic cavitation, characterized by the oscillation or abrupt collapse of cavitation nuclei in response to ultrasound stimulation, plays a significant role in various applications within both industrial and biomedical sectors. In particular, inertial cavitation (IC) has garnered considerable attention due to the resulting mechanical, chemical, and thermal effects. Passive cavitation detection (PCD) has emerged as a valuable technique for monitoring this procedure. While the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a widely used algorithm to analyze IC-induced broadband noise detected by PCD system, it may not adequately capture the time-varying instability of cavitation due to potential nuclei collapse during ultrasound irradiation. In contrast, the continuous wavelet transform offers a more flexible approach, enabling more sensitive analysis of signals with varying frequencies over time. In this study, nanodiamond (ND) and its derivative, nitro-doped nanodiamond (N-AND), known to possess cavitation potential from previous research, were chosen as the source of cavitation nuclei. The cavitation signals detected by PCD were subjected to both FFT and wavelet analyses, with their results comprehensively compared. This research showcased the feasibility of employing wavelet analysis for effective inertial cavitation evaluation. It provided the advantage of monitoring the temporal evolution of cavitation events in real-time, enhancing sensitivity to weak and unstable cavitation signals, especially those in higher order components (3rd and 4th order). Additionally, it yielded a higher level of precision in determining IC thresholds and doses. Furthermore, the inclusion of time information through wavelet analysis offered insights into the limitations of low-cycle ultrasound in inducing IC. This study introduces a novel perspective for more sensitive and precise cavitation assessment, leveraging time and frequency data from wavelet analysis, and holds promise for effective utilization of cavitation effects while minimizing losses and damages resulting from unintended cavitation events.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
超声技术
·
信号处理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Licheng Xue,Jinhan Liu,Gang Liu,Yue Wang,Wanglong Ren,Haiyan Bie,Zongrui Hao
In present work, a method combining experimental flow visualization and numerical simulation was adopted to investigate the cavitation mechanism induced by the interaction between the rotor and stator of a cylindrical rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (CRHCR). The results show that the shearing and perturbation of the fluid inside the CRHCR chamber were enhanced by stator-rotor interaction, which resulted in more intense cavitation in rotor grooves and oblique tooth regions. Besides, due to the flow separation phenomena during the shearing of the fluid by the oblique teeth, additional shear cavitation zones were generated. Meanwhile, the fluid in stator groove is driven to rotate during high-speed rotation of the rotor. The vortex flow effect appeared, which induced the vortex cavitation in the stator groove. Finally, an experiment on the degradation rate of organic pollutants was carried out. The results indicate that the stator-rotor interaction effectively achieved the process intensification of organic pollutants degradation.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
·
流体力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2018
·
IF 6.012
Chunhai Yi,Qianqian Lu,Yun Wang,Yixuan Wang,Bolun Yang
In this paper, the decomposition of Rhodamine B (RhB) by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), acoustic cavitation (AC) and the combination of these individual methods (HAC) have been investigated. The degradation of 20 L RhB aqueous solution was carried out in a self-designed HAC reactor, where hydrodynamic cavitation and acoustic cavitation could take place in the same space simultaneously. The effects of initial concentration, inlet pressure, solution temperature and ultrasonic power were studied and discussed. Obvious synergies were found in the HAC process. The combined method achieved the best conversion, and the synergistic effect in HAC was even up to 119% with the ultrasonic power of 220 W in a treatment time of 30 min. The time-independent synergistic factor based on rate constant was introduced and the maximum value reached 40% in the HAC system. Besides, the hybrid HAC method showed great superiority in energy efficiency at lower ultrasonic power (88–176 W). Therefore, HAC technology can be visualized as a promising method for wastewater treatment with good scale-up possibilities.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.4
Qi Zhang,Honghui Xue,Haijun Zhang,Yuqi Chen,Zijun Liu,Zheng Fan,Xiasheng Guo,Xiaoge Wu,Dong Zhang,Juan Tu
In biomedical research, ultrasonic cavitation, especially inertial cavitation (IC) has attracted extensive attentions due to its ability to induce mechanical, chemical and thermal effects. Like ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) microbubbles or droplets, acoustic cavitation can be effectively triggered beyond a certain pressure threshold through the interaction between ultrasound and nucleation particles, leading to an enhanced thrombolytic effect. As a newly developed nanocarbon material, nitrogen-doped annealed nanodiamond (N-AND) has shown promising catalytic performance. To further explore its effects on ultrasonic cavitation, N-AND was synthesized at the temperature of 1000 °C. After systematic material characterization, the potential of N-AND to induce enhanced IC activity was assessed for the first time by using passive cavitation detection (PCD). Based on experiments performed at varied material suspension concentration and cycle number, N-AND demonstrated a strong capability to generate significant cavitation characteristics, indicating the formation of stable bubbles from the surface of the materials. Furthermore, N-AND was applied in the in vitro thrombolysis experiments to verify its contribution to ultrasound thrombolysis. The influence of surface hydrophobicity on the cavitation potentials of ND and N-AND was innovatively discussed in combination with the theory of mote-induced nucleation. It is found that the cavitation stability of N-AND was better than that of the commercial UCA microbubbles. This study would provide better understanding of the potential of novel carbonous nanomaterials as cavitation nuclei and is expected to provide guidance for their future biomedical and industrial applications.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
纳米技术
·
超声治疗
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Shuchang Liu,Xi Yuan,Zhewen Shao,Kexin Xiang,Wenfang Huang,Hailin Tian,Feng Hong,Yingping Huang
Presently, the hydroxyl radical oxidation mechanism is widely acknowledged for the degradation of organic pollutants based on hydrodynamic cavitation technology. The presence and production mechanism of other potential reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cavitation systems are still unclear. In this paper, singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and superoxide radical (·O 2 − ) were selected as the target ROS, and their generation rules and mechanism in vortex-based hydrodynamic cavitation (VBHC) were analyzed. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were used to simulate and analyze the intensity characteristics of VBHC, and the relationship between the generation of ROS and cavitation intensity was thoroughly revealed. The results show that the operating conditions of the device have a significant and complicated influence on the generation of 1 O 2 and ·O 2 − . When the inlet pressure reaches to 4.5 bar, it is more favorable for the generation of 1 O 2 and ·O 2 − comparing with those lower pressure. However, higher temperature (45 °C) and aeration rate (15 (L/min)/L) do not always have positive effect on the 1 O 2 and ·O 2 − productions, and their optimal parameters need to be analyzed in combination with the inlet pressure. Through quenching experiments, it is found that 1 O 2 is completely transformed from ·O 2 − , and ·O 2 − comes from the transformation of hydroxyl radicals and dissolved oxygen. Higher cavitation intensity is captured and shown more disperse in the vortex cavitation region, which is consistent with the larger production and stronger diffusion of 1 O 2 and ·O 2 − . This paper shed light to the generation mechanism of 1 O 2 and ·O 2 − in VBHC reactors and the relationship with cavitation intensity. The conclusion provides new ideas for the research of effective ROS in hydrodynamic cavitation process.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AICHE JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 4
Lixue Liu,Shuainan Zhao,Chaoqun Yao,Guangwen Chen
Generation and oscillation of cavitation bubbles are key factors to intensify fluid mixing in ultrasonic microreactors (USMRs). This work proposed a strategy of introducing a “pre-cavitation” stage in a novel USMR (I-USMR), which facilitates accelerating the cavitation and fluid mixing in the mixing zone. The cavitation phenomenon and mixing characteristics in the I-USMR were investigated. Two distinct cavitation bubble patterns, bubble array and bubble cluster, were identified and mapped using dimensionless parameters. Due to the accelerated development of cavitation, very rapid mixing was achieved in both solvent-antisolvent processes and common aqueous–aqueous mixing, under small Reynolds number ( Re < 200). The mixing rate can be improved by several fold compared to previous studies. Finally, this method was applied to synthesize mini-emulsions and PEG-PLGA nanoparticles, both of which were very sensitive to the mixing efficiency, demonstrating excellent mixing performance and great potential in these applications.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Hydrodynamics
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 6
·1057-1072
·
IF 3.5
Liu Yang,Zheng Zhi-ying,He Zhi-bo,Zeng Tian-bao,Cai Wei-hua,Qi Hong
This study investigates the interactions between cavitation bubbles and the interfaces of two immiscible liquids, with practical implications and potential applications in the fields such as ultrasonic emulsification and wastewater treatment. To explore the influence of liquid viscosity on the interaction between the cavitation bubble and flat liquid-liquid interface, visualization experiments were performed on the laser-induced cavitation bubbles near two liquid-liquid interfaces composed of deionized water and two silicone oils with different viscosities (50 mPa·s, 500 mPa·s) by using high-speed photography. Three different positions were employed for the generation of cavitation bubbles, i.e., at the interface, in the water, and in the silicone oil. The evolutions of cavitation bubbles and the corresponding interface deformations at different dimensionless standoff distances γ between the cavitation bubble and the interface were observed. The results show that the difference in the viscosity of silicone oil significantly affects the physical phenomena occurred during the interaction between the millimeter-scale cavitation bubble and the interface. On this basis, the qualitative and quantitative analyses for the cavitation bubble jet dynamics indicate that the critical value of γ for jet penetration through the interface between the water and the higher-viscosity silicone oil (interface 2, γ = 0.33) is lower than that for the interface between the water and the lower-viscosity silicone oil (interface 1, γ = 0.69). Besides, the jet generated by the cavitation bubble near interface 1 possesses a higher maximum velocity. These indicate that increased viscosity inhibits the development of the jet. The cavitation bubbles that initiate in the water near Interface 1 consistently migrate away from the interface and do not split, while those near interface 2 would migrate towards the interface at intermediate γ and would split at γ <0.91. In addition, the jet behaviours of cavitation bubbles near interface 2 at different γ are examined and classified into four types.
研究领域:
流体力学
·
多相流
·
声学
·
化学工程
·
应用物理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.491
Hanyang Gao,Kunkun Pei,Dong Lei,Guoxin Hu,Yan Chao,Aihua Meng,Hongcheng Wang,Wei Shentu
Due to the tunability in mass transfer, solvation and solubility, gas-expanded liquids show advantages over traditional organic solvents in many characteristics. Ultrasonication is a commonly used method to promote heat and mass transfer. The introduction of ultrasonic technology into the gas-expanded liquid system can promote the polymerization of polymer monomers, enhance extraction efficiency, and control the growth size of nanocrystals, etc. Although acoustic cavitation has been extensively explored in aqueous solutions, there are still few studies on cavitation in organic liquids, especially in gas-expanded liquid systems. In this article, the development of cavitation bubble cloud structure in CO 2 -expanded N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was observed by a high-speed camera, and the cavitation intensity was recorded using a spherical hydrophone. It was found that the magnitude of the transient cavitation energy was not only related to input power, but also closely related to CO 2 content. The combination of ultrasound (causing a rapid alternation of gas solubility) and gas-expanded liquid system (causing a decrease in viscosity and surface tension of liquids) is expected to provide a perfect platform for high-speed mass transfer.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
超声技术
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.968
Shinuo Wang,Yinghao Ruan,Ludong Yi,Di Liu,Jun Wang,Dawei Fang,Zhaohong Zhang
In this study, a thermally assisted hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) system was established by adding a water pre-heater in front of the cavitation device (orifice plate), which realizes the local heating of the flowing liquid, intensifies the HC effect and enhances Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation ratio and heat generation efficiency. The effects of preheating temperature, RhB initial concentration, orifice hole number, inlet pressure and solution volume on RhB HC degradation and heat generation were investigated. Free radical trapping experiments were performed to explore the active substances produced by the HC effect. Based on LC-MS and TOC data, the possible RhB degradation pathway and mechanism were proposed. When the preheating temperature rose from 10 °C to 50 °C, the RhB degradation ratio increased from 23.42% to 34.49% within 90 min cycle time, and the treatment cost decreased from 130.699 USD/m 3 to 91.701 USD/m 3 . At 30 min cycle time, the solution temperature rose from 45.6 °C to 56.4 °C, the heat production increased from 149.46 KJ/L to 194.81 KJ/L and the corresponding thermal efficiency increased from 47.45% to 61.84%. Further, at 60 min cycle time, under the conditions of 30 °C preheating temperature, 30 mg/L RhB initial concentration, 3-hole orifice plate, 3 bar inlet pressure and 5.0 L RhB solution volume, the RhB degradation ratio was the highest (40.38%). After Fenton reagent was used, the RhB degradation ratio and heat production both were further enhanced. At 60 min cycle time, the RhB degradation ratio was 65.52%, solution temperature rose to 72.8 °C, the heat production reached 131.83 KJ/L and the treatment cost was only 45.447 USD/m 3 at 30 °C preheating temperature. TOC test results show that the RhB mineralization ratio can reach 61.53% after 90 min cycle. All in all, this work proves that thermally assisted HC is an effective method to degrade organic dyes and generate heat, which can be used for large-scale treatment of organic dye wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
·
2017
·
IF 2.686
A. Bayat,E. Saievar-Iranizad
Blue photoluminescent WS 2 quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized using a simple top-down method from natural raw mineral tungsten disulfide via tip ultrasonication followed by centrifugation in a water-ethanol (0.7/0.3 ratio) as eco-friendly solvent. Cavitation process at a high power (300 W) led to the breaking of bulk WS 2 flakes to its quantum dots. The as synthesized WS 2 QDs showed blue photoluminescence upon UV excitation. The synthesized WS 2 QDs were analysed by UV–vis and photoluminescence spectrophotometry , transmission electron microscopy , atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. According to the transmission electron microscopy images, the size of WS 2 QDs was obtained as 5 nm in average.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
·
2022
·
IF 5.582
Yimou Fu,Tenghao Yin,Shaoxing Qu,Wei Yang
A defect in soft materials expands rapidly under a critical hydrostatic tension, causing cavitation or fracture. The mechanical properties of the material and the size of the defect have decisive influence on the failure mechanism. As different modes of material failure, the transition between cavitation and fracture is still elusive. Combining the Griffith's fracture criterion and finite deformation theory, we hereby obtained the critical initial defect size of cavitation/fracture transition. In the experiments, a cavitation rheology device was built to measure the failure mode of polyacrylamide hydrogels by inserting needles with various sizes. By observing the surface roughness and measuring critical expansion pressure of the bubble, we verified that the transition size is controlled by fractocohesive length Γ / W f , which can be orders of magnitude smaller than elasto-adhesive length Γ / E . The present work reveals the transition mechanism between cavitation and fracture, quantifies the transition size, and provides a promising route to predict the failure behaviors of highly stretchable materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED ACOUSTICS
·
2024
·
IF 3.4
Jing Cao,Honghui Xue,Yinuo Zheng,Ling Wang,Litao Sun
Acoustic cavitation serves various therapeutic purposes, with both microbubbles and phase-transit droplets serving as potential cavitation nuclei. This project focused on investigating the intricate interaction between microbubbles and droplets and the resultant impact on acoustic cavitation. To facilitate this investigation, microbubbles with a negative potential of −51.58 mV were prepared, while droplets were endowed with a positive potential of +4.22 mV, facilitating the formation of microbubble-droplet clusters. Microscopic analysis was employed to observe the morphology of these clusters, revealing an initial mean size of 4.85 µm before ultrasound activation and subsequent transformation into larger bubbles with a mean size of 12.54 µm after ultrasound activation. The experimental approach involved the use of varying driven voltages to generate ultrasound waves with different intensities. A passive cavitation detector (PCD) was then employed to capture cavitation signals. Results demonstrated that, when maintaining a microbubble ratio of 50% and varying droplet ratios from 0% to 50%, the driven voltage at which the cavitation peak appeared decreased from 180 mV to 140 mV. Additionally, the mean cavitation intensity exhibited an initial increase from 0.58 to 0.78, followed by a subsequent decrease from 0.78 to 0.63 after normalization. This study provided valuable insights into the dynamic interactions between microbubbles and droplets. Specifically, it showed that microbubble cavitation transferred energy to droplets, leading to the generation of larger bubbles and higher cavitation intensity. Nevertheless, the observed cavitation intensity and threshold were contingent upon the ratios of microbubbles and droplets. Notably, to achieve an ideal cavitation intensity, the energy generated by microbubble cavitation must be substantial enough to activate all droplets, inducing acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) and cavitation.
研究领域:
医学超声
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）