Hollow TiO 2 spheres were synthesized by template method, with the diameters was 200 nm and the thickness of shell about 30 nm. The high-quality perovskite films fabricated on the hollow TiO 2 mesoporous layer demonstrate smooth surface and large grain size, resulting in the better scattering light ability and fewer defects. The efficiency of the perovskite solar cells prepared on hollow mesoporous layer can reach 17.60%, which is an approximately 14% higher than the PCE of conventional mesoporous layer devices under the same condition. Importantly, the solar cells with hollow TiO 2 can exhibit better stability than the cells with mesoporous TiO 2 after aging 30 days in 65% relative humidity under dark conditions. The results indicate that the hollow TiO 2 mesoporous layer will be a candidate for better efficient and stable CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite solar cells, and this structure provides a direction for the design of novel mesoporous layers for perovskite solar cells in future.
A composite made of polyacrylic acid and hollow TiO 2 spheres (TiO 2 @PPAA) was prepared by the plasma polymerization method and subsequently used as an electrode material for detecting lysozyme . The chemical structure, surface morphology , and electrochemical performance of the TiO 2 @PPAA composite were mainly affected by the plasma input power used during plasma polymerization. After optimizing plasma conditions, aptamer strands exhibited high adsorption affinity toward the surface of TiO 2 @PPAA composite via synergistic effects between TiO 2 and PPAA. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that the developed TiO 2 @PPAA aptasensor presents highly sensitive detection ability toward lysozyme; the limit of detection of the proposed aptasensor is 0.015 ng mL −1 (1.04 pM) within the range of 0.05–100 ng mL −1 in terms of 3 σ value. The film further showed excellent selectivity toward lysozyme in the presence of interfering proteins, such as thrombin, bovine serum albumin , and immunoglobulin E. Thus, this aptasensing strategy might broaden the applications of plasma polymerized nanomaterials in the field of biomedical research and early clinical diagnosis.
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