POULTRY SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 2.659
Jingle Jiang,Siyi Liu,Tuniyaz Jamal,Tengxin Ding,Lina Qi,Zengpeng Lv,Debing Yu,Fangxiong Shi
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary 3 kinds of sweeteners supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemicals, and jejunal physiological functions of broiler chickens for 21 D. A total of one hundred ninety-two 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates for each treatment. The treatments were basal diet ( CON ), a basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg stevioside ( STE ), a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg sucralose ( SUC ), and a basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg saccharin sodium ( SAC ). All birds were housed in 3-level battery cages. The results showed that dietary STE supplementation increased ( P < 0.05) growth performance, serum total protein, serum albumin, and jejunal antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens. Both SUC and SAC supplementation decreased ( P < 0.05) serum total protein and albumin. Dietary SAC supplementation impaired the intestinal integrity, permeability, and mucus layer of the jejunum in broiler chickens. In addition, SAC supplementation elevated ( P < 0.05) the transcription expression level of jejunal bitter taste receptors and induced excessive jejunal apoptosis. Our data suggest that STE could be potentially applied as a growth-promoting and antioxidant feed additive in broiler chickens. Whereas, dietary supplementation with high level SAC has side-effects on the jejunal physiological functions of broiler chickens.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
家禽科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
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2022
·
IF 5.785
Tian-Ning Yang,Xue-Nan Li,Xiao-Wei Li,Jin-Yang Li,Yue-Qiang Huang,Jin-Long Li
As a plasticizer , di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) has been listed as a potential endocrine disruptor by The World Health Organization. The toxicity of DEHP has been widely studied, but its toxicity on the digestive tract of birds has not been clarified. Female quail were treated by gavage with DEHP (250, 500, 750 mg/kg), with the blank and vehicle control groups reserved. The result showed that DEHP raised the damage severity grade, and decreased the ratio of villus length to crypt depth. The content and activity of cytochrome P450 system (CYP450s) were increased by DEHP. DEHP interfered with the transcription of nuclear xenobiotic receptors (NXRs), CYP isoforms, and the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. This study revealed DEHP could cause the imbalance in CYP450s mediated by NXRs, and then promote Nrf2 mediated antioxidant defense. This study provided new evidence about the mechanisms of DEHP-induced toxic effects on digestive tract.
研究领域:
毒理学
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鸟类生物学
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环境科学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
·
2022
·
IF 7.104
Lin Lin,Canchao Mei,Xiaochen Chen,Changzhu Li,Zichun Hua,Haiying Cui
The infection of Campylobacter jejuni ( C. jejuni ) in food can cause huge economic and health costs, and liposomes based on biological switch is a promising antibacterial strategy. In this study, a bio-responsive composite liposome was designed with silk fibroin and L-fucose (FLPs) based on the chemotaxis and protease of C. jejuni , and Litsea cubeba essential oil as antibacterial agent. The oil encapsulation and protein mosaic rates of the composite liposome were 70.6 ± 0.5% and 47.9 ± 1.0%, respectively. The in vitro release experiment verified that the release rates of essential oil from the liposome exceeded 95% at 5 days. Furthermore, FLPs possessed excellent antibacterial activity , the inhibition zone was 23.5 mm and 20% ( v /v) of the composite liposomes could inactivate 99% C. jejuni . Moreover, laser scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the antimicrobial activity of FLPs was better than that of other liposomes, and it could attach to bacteria well. Sprayed liposomes revealed sustained ability of retarding bacterial reproduction within 5 days with the refrigerated chicken meat inoculated with C. jejuni , and had no impact on the color and texture of the food. Hence, the bio-responsive composite liposome has a promising application in inhibiting C. jejuni growth in food. Industrial relevance In this study, the composite liposome with high encapsulation efficiency shows significant and sustained antibacterial activity, and has no negative effects on the color and texture of chicken meat. The findings of this study will facilitate the development and application of liposomes as active antimicrobial packaging in food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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生物技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Toxins
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 12
·874
·
IF 4.546
Quancheng Liu,Fuchang Li,Libo Huang,Wenjie Chen,Zhongyuan Li,Chunyang Wang
Fumonisin B1(FB1) is the most common food-borne mycotoxin produced by theFusariumspecies, posing a potential threat to human and animal health. Pigs are more sensitive to FB1ingested from feed compared to other farmed livestock. Enzymatic degradation is an ideal detoxification method that has attracted much attention. This study aimed to explore the functional characteristics of the carboxylesterase FumDSB in growing pigs from the perspective of brain–gut regulation. A total of 24 growing pigs were divided into three groups. The control group was fed a basal diet, the FB1group was supplemented with FB1at 5 mg/kg feed, and the FumDSB group received added FumDSB based on the diet of the FB1group. After 35 days of animal trials, samples from the hypothalamus and jejunum were analyzed through HE staining, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that the ingestion of FB1can reduce the feed intake and weight gain of growing pigs, indicating that several appetite-related brain-gut peptides (including NPY, PYY, ghrelin and obestatin, etc.) play important roles in the anorexia response induced by FB1. After adding FumDSB as detoxifying enzymes, however, the anorexia effects of FB1were alleviated, and the expression and distribution of the corresponding brain-gut peptides exhibited a certain degree of regulation. In conclusion, the addition of FumDSB can reduce the anorexia effects of FB1by regulating several brain-gut peptides in both the hypothalamus and the jejunum of growing pigs.Keywords:fumonisin B1;carboxylesterase FumDSB;hypothalamus;jejunum;brain-gut peptide;ghrelin;obestatin;growing pigsKey Contribution:In this study, the effects of carboxylesterase FumDSB on appetite-related brain-gut peptides in both the hypothalamus and the jejunum of growing pigs were evaluated; next, the mechanism and safety of FumDSB was explored from the perspective of brain–gut regulation, which provided a research basis for the application of FumDSB in actual production.
研究领域:
兽医学
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毒理学
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分子生物学
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动物营养
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Diabetes
·
2023
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IF 4.5
Guangwei Yang,Zitian Liu,Shuohui Dong,Xiang Zhao,Zheng Ge,Zhiqiang Cheng,Xiang Zhang,Kexin Wang
Background Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a serious complication of obesity with type 2 diabetes and is a major cause of mortality. Metabolic surgery, such as duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB), can effectively improve diabetic cardiomyopathy; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Oxidative stress is one of the pivotal mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our objective was to investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of DJB on oxidative stress in the heart of diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. Methods High-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to establish diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. DJB was performed on diabetic cardiomyopathy rats, and high glucose and palmitate were used to simulate diabetic cardiomyopathy in H9C2 cells in vitro. Sera from different groups of rats were used for experiments in vivo and in vitro. Results DJB effectively improved oxidative stress and activated the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway to increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation level and the expression of antioxidative system-related proteins and genes in the heart of diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. AMPK agonists and serum from DJB rats activated the AMPK pathway to increase eNOS phosphorylation level and the expression of antioxidative system-related proteins and genes and decreased the content of reactive oxygen species in H9C2 cells, but this improvement was almost eliminated by the addition of AMPK inhibitors. Conclusions DJB activates eNOS and enhances the antioxidant system by activating the AMPK pathway—and not solely by improving blood glucose—to improve oxidative stress in the heart of diabetic cardiomyopathy rats.
研究领域:
外科手术
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糖尿病
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心脏病学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Microbial Biotechnology
·
2021
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·337-352
·
IF 5.813
Luoyi Zhu,Jie Fu,Xiao Xiao,Fengqin Wang,Mingliang Jin,Weihuan Fang,Yizhen Wang,Xin Zong
Summary Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) is considered as a promising technology to fight against obesity. Wild boar has leanermuscle and less fat in comparison to the domestic pig, which were thought to be related with microbiota. To investigate the function and mechanism of the wild boar microbiota on obesity, we first analysed the wild boar microbiota composition via 16S rDNA sequencing, which showed that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria. Then, we established a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity model, and transfer low and high concentrations of wild boar faecal suspension in mice for 9 weeks. The results showed that FMT prevented HFD-induced obesity and lipid metabolism disorders, and altered the jejunal microbiota composition especially increasing the abundance of the Lactobacillus and Romboutsia , which were negatively correlated with obesity-related indicators. Moreover, we found that the anti-obesity effect of wild boar faecal suspension was associated with jejunal N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) levels. Overall, these results suggest that FMT has a mitigating effect on HFD-induced obesity, which may be due to the impressive effects of FMT on the microbial composition and structure of the jejunum. These changes further alter intestinal lipid metabolism and m 6 A levels to achieve resistance to obesity.
研究领域:
微生物学
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营养学
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分子生物学
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胃肠病学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 43
·期 5
·562-568
·
IF 2.004
Ailin Xiao,Jing Li,Tianjian Liu,Zhuxi Liu,Chuanfei Wei,Xiaomeng Xu,Qin Li,Jingxin Li
Summary Hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) is generated endogenously from l -cysteine ( l -Cys) by the enzymes cystathionine- β -synthase (CBS) and cystathionine- γ -lyase (CSE). In addition, l -Cys is commonly used as a precursor in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of the present study is to determine whether l -Cys regulates intestinal nutrient transport. To that end, the presence of CBS and CSE in the jejunum epithelium was assessed by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and the methylene blue assay. In addition, in vivo l -Cys (100 mg/kg, administered immediately after the glucose load) significantly increased blood glucose levels 30 min after the oral administration of glucose to mice. This effect of l -Cys was completely blocked by amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA; 50 mg/kg; administered at the same time as l -Cys) an inhibitor of CBS. Measurements of the short-circuit current ( I sc ) in the rat jejunum epithelium revealed that l -Cys (1 mmol/L; 6 min before the administration of l -alanine) enhances Na + -coupled l -alanine or glucose transport, and that this effect is inhibited by AOA (1 mmol/L;10 min before the administration of l -Cys), but not d , l -propargylglycine (PAG;1 mmol/L; 10 min before the administration of l -Cys), a CSE inhibitor. Notably, l -Cys-evoked enhancement of nutrient transport was alleviated by glibenclamide (Gli;0.1 mmol/L; 10 min before the administration of l -Cys), a K + channel blocker. Together, the data indicate that l -Cys enhances jejunal nutrient transport, suggesting a new approach to future treatment of nutrition-related maladies, including a range of serious health consequences linked to undernutrition.
研究领域:
营养学
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药理学
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生理学
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胃肠病学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Functional Foods
·
2020
·
IF 3.701
Xiao Guo,Kaikai Li,Ailing Guo,Erhu Li
In this study, an in vivo animal experiment was performed, to investigate the intestinal absorption and distribution of naringin, hesperidin, and their metabolites by using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-PDA analysis. The bioavailability of naringin or hesperidin in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon was calculated. A total of 7 and 13 metabolites were found and tentatively identified in intestinal tissue after orally administered naringin and hesperidin in mice, respectively. Sulfates of naringin could be absorbed by ileum and cecum, de-glycosylation metabolites could be absorbed by duodenum, and phenolic acids could be absorbed by the cecum and colon. Sulfates of hesperidin could be absorbed by duodenum and ileum, de-glycosylation metabolites could be absorbed by cecum, and phenolic acids could be absorbed by ileum, cecum and colon. Jejunum did not absorb metabolites of naringin or hesperidin. Results could be beneficial for understanding the intestinal bioactivities of naringin and hesperidin.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Cell Host & Microbe
·
2024
·
IF 20.6
Zhen He,Jing Yu,Junli Gong,Jinjie Wu,Xuan Zong,Zhanhao Luo,Xiaowen He,Wai Ming Cheng,Yugeng Liu,Chen Liu,Qiang Zhang,Lei Dai,Tao Ding,Beile Gao,Raad Z. Gharaibeh,Jinlin Huang,Christian Jobin,Ping Lan
Various forms of solid tumors harbor intracellular bacteria, but the physiological consequences of these microorganisms are poorly understood. We show that Campylobacter is significantly enriched in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) lesions from patients with metastasis. Campylobacter jejuni -derived cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) promotes CRC metastasis through JAK2-STAT3-MMP9 signaling in liver or pulmonary metastatic mice models, as confirmed in C. jejuni -infected human colonic tissue and CDT-treated colonic tumoroids from patients. Genetic deletion of cdtB ( ΔcdtB ) or purified CdtB protein demonstrates that the genotoxin is essential for C. jejuni’s pro-metastatic property. In C.-jejuni -colonized mice, increased translocation of CDT-producing C. jejuni to extraintestinal implanted tumors potentially leads to accelerated metastasis of these tumors. Overall, these findings demonstrate that an intratumor-bacteria-derived genotoxin accelerates tumor metastasis, potentially opening a new diagnostic and therapeutic avenue for cancer management.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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微生物学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
·
2012
·
IF 2.471
Da-Peng Chen,Yong-Jian Xiong,Ze-Yao Tang,Qi-Ying Yao,Dong-Mei Ye,Sha-Sha Liu,Yuan Lin
AIM: To characterize the dual effects of deslanoside on the contractility of jejunal smooth muscle. METHODS: Eight pairs of different low and high contractile states of isolated jejunal smooth muscle fragment (JSMF) were established. Contractile amplitude of JSMF in different low and high contractile states was selected to determine the effects of deslanoside, and Western blotting analysis was performed to measure the effects of deslanoside on myosin phosphorylation of jejunal smooth muscle. RESULTS: Stimulatory effects on the contractility of JSMF were induced (45.3% ± 4.0% vs 87.0% ± 7.8%, P < 0.01) by deslanoside in 8 low contractile states, and inhibitory effects were induced (180.6% ± 17.8% vs 109.9% ± 10.8%, P < 0.01) on the contractility of JSMF in 8 high contractile states. The effect of deslanoside on the phosphorylation of myosin light chain of JSMF in low (78.1% ± 4.1% vs 96.0% ± 8.1%, P < 0.01) and high contractile state (139.2% ± 8.5% vs 105.5 ± 7.34, P < 0.01) was also bidirectional. Bidirectional regulation (BR) was abolished in the presence of tetrodotoxin. Deslanoside did not affect jejunal contractility pretreated with the Ca 2+ channel blocker verapamil or in a Ca 2+ -free assay condition. The stimulatory effect of deslanoside on JSMF in a low contractile state (low Ca 2+ induced) was abolished by atropine. The inhibitory effect of deslanoside on jejunal contractility in a high contractile state (high Ca 2+ induced) was blocked by phentolamine, propranolol and L-NG-nitro-arginine, respectively. CONCLUSION: Deslanoside-induced BR is Ca 2+ dependent and is related to cholinergic and adrenergic systems when JSMF is in low or high contractile states.
研究领域:
药理学
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胃肠生理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POULTRY SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 3.352
Chen Yang,Pei Luo,Shi-jian Chen,Zhi-chao Deng,Xin-liang Fu,Dan-ning Xu,Yun-bo Tian,Yun-mao Huang,Wen-jun Liu
ABSTRACT Resveratrol, a natural antioxidant, anti-inflammatory plant extract, was found to have a protective effect in poultry subjected to heat stress. In this study, we strove to characterize resveratrol on intestinal of duck exposed to acute heat stress and investigate the underlying mechanism. A total of 120 Shan-ma ducks (60 days old) were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the resveratrol group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg resveratrol. Animals in 2 groups were kept at a temperature of 24°C ± 2°C for 15 d. Then, animals of both groups were placed in an artificial climate room at 39°C. Twelve ducks of each group were sacrificed for sampling at 0, 30, and 60 min, respectively. Results indicated that resveratrol increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, increased the number of goblet cells, and reduced the histopathological damage of jejunum caused by acute heat stress. Furthermore, the gene expression of heat shock proteins ( HSP60, HSP70 , and HSP90 ) and tight junction proteins ( CLDN1 and OCLN ) was significantly increased in the resveratrol group compared to that in the control groups. Simultaneously, resveratrol significantly activated the SIRT1-NRF1/NRF2 signaling pathways, improved ATP level of jejunum, and increased SOD and CAT antioxidant enzymes activities. In addition, we found that the NF-κB / NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways were repressed under acute heat stress. Meanwhile, supplement resveratrol further inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, decreased protein level of NLRP3 and caspase1 p20, reduced the secretion of IL-1β. Taken together, our results indicate that resveratrol against the oxidative damage and inflammation injury in duck jejunum induced by heat stress via active SIRT1 signaling pathways.
研究领域:
动物科学
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营养学
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生理学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
·
2016
·Vol. 28
·期 5
·687-692
·
IF 3.31
S. Tang,D. Huang,N. An,D. Chen,D. Zhao
Background Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is endogenously generated from L-cysteine (L-Cys) by the enzymes cystathionine- β -synthase (CBS) and cystathionine- γ -Lyase (CSE). Hydrogen sulfide is also produced from D-cysteine (D-Cys) by D-Amino acid oxidase (DAO). Methods The H 2 S production was measured by the methylene blue assay. The expression of DAO was investigated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The short-circuit current ( I sc) was recorded using the Ussing chamber technique. Key Results The epithelium in rat jejunum possesses DAO, and generates H 2 S. D-cysteine, originally used as a negative control for L-Cys, significantly increases the H 2 S release, which is inhibited by I2CA, an inhibitor of DAO. In vitro study by Ussing chamber technique reveals that D-Cys decreases the I sc across the epithelium of the rat jejunum and enhances the Na + -coupled L-alanine transport. Conclusions & Inferences A novel pathway for the production of H 2 S by DAO exists in rat jejunum.
研究领域:
生理学
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生物化学
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胃肠生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）