The low-cost and efficient elimination of tetracycline from wastewater and to decrease the concentration in soils, sediments, rivers, underground water, or lakes are crucial to human health. Herein, three-dimensional porous carbon nanomaterials were synthesized using glucose and NH 4 Cl by sugar-blowing process at 900 °C and then oxidized under air atmosphere for surface functional group modification. The prepared 3D porous carbon nanomaterials were applied for the removal of tetracycline from aqueous solutions. The sorption isotherms were well simulated by the Langmuir model, with the calculated sorption capacity of 2378 mg·g −1 for C-450 at pH = 6.5, which was the highest value of today’s reported materials. The porous carbon nanomaterials showed high stability at acidic conditions and selectivity in high salt concentrations. The good recycle ability and high removal efficiency of tetracycline from natural groundwater indicated the potential application of the porous carbon nanomaterials in natural environmental antibiotic pollution cleanup. The outstanding sorption properties were attributed to the structures, surface areas and functional groups, strong interactions such as H-bonding, π-π interaction, electrostatic attraction, etc . This paper highlighted the synthesis of porous carbon nanomaterials with high specific surfaces, high sorption capacities, stability, and reusability in organic chemicals’ pollution treatment.
Zhongyan Wang,Anran Guo,Liwen Yan,Xueying Zhang,Jiaomei Ma,Feng Hou,Jiachen Liu
Mullite powder has excellent thermal stability and low thermal conductivity, which make it ideal for thermal insulation, aerospace, and refractory applications. However, conventional synthesis methods have limitations in controlling the microstructure and properties of materials. Herein, a simple sugar blowing method was used to successfully prepare highly porous mullite powders with a three-dimensional honeycomb structure. The honeycomb porous structure was attributed to the synergistic effect of glucose and NH 4 Cl, which caused the matrix to blow and expand. This synergistic effect promoted a pressure-equilibrium between the internal gas and the surrounding matrix, resulting in a controlled expansion and self-organization into hexagonal pore geometries. The effects of glucose/NH 4 Cl molar ratio and synthesis temperature on the microstructure and thermal stability of mullite powders were investigated. Mullite powder prepared with a glucose/NH 4 Cl molar ratio of 1:4 at 1200 °C exhibited the lowest thermal conductivity (0.0456 W·m −1 ·K −1 ), which was directly attributed to its hexagonal honeycomb pore structure. The structure reduced thermal conductivity through the dual mechanism of reduced solid-phase conduction and enhanced phonon scattering. It also showed excellent thermal stability even at synthesis temperatures up to 1400 °C. This work provides new possibilities for designing and manufacturing advanced insulation materials.
Rong Hu,Huiyu Jiang,Jinglin Xian,Shiyun Mi,Liyun Wei,Guangyu Fang,Jiayue Guo,Siqi Xu,Ziyang Liu,Huanyu Jin,Weilin Xu,Jun Wan
Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial to clean fuel production. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides (TMCs) are promising HER electrocatalysts by their excellent intrinsic catalytic activity. However, the synthesis of 2D TMCs requires prolonged high-temperature conditions or rigorous etching processes. Here we achieved an ultra-fast and facile synthesis of ultra-thin carbon-terminated 2D TMCs via a microwave-pulse sugar-blowing method. A series of 2D TMCs are obtained rapidly within 3 min. This method accurately adjusts carbon-layer thickness and facilitates the formation of 2D structures. Accordingly, the electrocatalytic HER activity and stability of TMCs are significantly improved. The 2D W 2 C with 1 nm carbon-layer thickness shows high HER activity and ultra-long durability (100 h) in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Furthermore, this microwave-pulse method is a generic synthesis strategy that is demonstrated by the successful preparation of 2D WC, Mo 2 C and MoC.
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