Foods
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 8
·1755
·
IF 4.35
Zhili Sheng,Junmei Liu,Bao Yang
Astragalus membranaceusis a functional food with multiple bioactivities. It presents differentiated health benefits due to origins. Polysaccharides (APS) are the leading bioactive macromolecules ofA. membranaceus, which are highly related to its health benefits. However, the effect of origin on the structural characteristics of APSs remains unclear. In this work, polysaccharides from four origins were isolated and identified by NMR. The results showed APSs of four origins had identical monosaccharide composition and glycosidic linkage. Rhamnogalacturonan II pectins and α-(1→4)-glucan were the dominant polysaccharides. However, the level of methyl ester in pectins varied to a large extent. The molecular weight profiles of APSs were also different. Inner Mongolia APS had the largest percentage of 20–40 kDa polysaccharides. Molecular weight and methyl ester level were two important parameters determining the difference of APSs from four origins. These results were helpful to recognize the origin-related quality ofA. membranaceus.Keywords:glycosidic linkage;monosaccharide composition;NMR;pectin
研究领域:
植物学
·
食品科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Yu-Xiao Wang,Yue Xin,Jun-Yi Yin,Xiao-Jun Huang,Jun-Qiao Wang,Jie-Lun Hu,Fang Geng,Shao-Ping Nie
Macrolepiota albuminosa (Berk.) Pegler is abundant in active polysaccharides , but little is known about their structures and solution properties. In this study, water-extracted polysaccharides from M. albuminosa (MAWP) were purified into three fractions with structural heterogeneity, which was attributed to the diversity in molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and linkage patterns, further affecting their solution properties. Methylation and NMR analysis revealed MAWP-60p and MAWP-70 were a 3- O -methylated glucomannogalactan and a previously unreported glucomannogalactan, whereas MAWP-80 was elucidated as a branched galactoglucan. Besides, three fractions exhibited random coil conformation in aqueous solution, while MAWP-60p had the highest viscosity due to its highest molecular weight, mean square radius of gyration ( R g ) and O -methyl group attached to the backbone. The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and glycosidic linkages might be the major contributors to the flexibility, molecular size and stereochemistry of mushroom polysaccharide chains.
研究领域:
真菌学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 0.828
Shomaila Mehmood,Li-Yuan Zhou,Xiao-Fang Wang,Xiao-Du Cheng,Fan-Ju Meng,Ya Wang,Yong-Ming Lu,Yan Chen
A novel heteroglycan TLH-G was successfully isolated from Tricholoma lobayense cultivated in south China. TLH-G was composed of five monosaccharides, namely, mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose and galactose, and consisted of →1)-β-D-Glcp-(6→ and →1)-α-D-Galp-(3→ motifs. TLH-G had excellent scavenging activities towards 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radicals. Structure-activity relationship analysis demonstrated that glycosidic bond types, monosaccharide composition, and branching degree were more important for the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Tricholoma lobayense than other structural factors. All the above results showed that the growth environment played a crucial role in the structure and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Tricholoma lobayense.
研究领域:
真菌学
·
生物化学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
·
2017
·
IF 2.096
Jiaojiao Lu,Chunqing Ai,Li Guo,Yinghuan Fu,Chunyang Cao,Shuang Song
Because the glycosidic linkage of uronic acid is most resistant to acid, oligosaccharides may be formed during the acid hydrolysis of acidic polysaccharides . To take chondroitin sulfate (CS) as an example of acidic polysaccharides , the present study characterized the oligosaccharides released through acid hydrolysis and demonstrated their usefulness for structural confirmation. Acid hydrolysates of commercial standard CSs from shark cartilage and porcine bone were elucidated using HPLC-MS n after 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatization , and altogether 11 di-, tri- and tetra-saccharides with or without sulfate/acetyl groups were identified by their multi-stage mass spectra. Meanwhile the trends of reaction yields of these oligosaccharides alone with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) concentrations (0.1–2.0 M) were investigated, and 0.2 M TFA was recommended. Then three real samples, sturgeon backbone, porcine trachea and sea cucumber were analyzed, and their CSs were identified by detection of characteristic oligosaccharide fragments. The present study indicated that acid hydrolysis could provide information for acetyl substitution, sulfation and glycosidic linkages, and was helpful for the structural analysis of acidic polysaccharides.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2017
·
IF 4.747
Lili Wang,Jin Xu,Xuerong Fan,Qiang Wang,Ping Wang,Jiugang Yuan,Yuanyuan Yu,Ying Zhang,Li Cui
Branched limit dextrins (BLDs) are composed of linear chains of alpha-(1,4)- d -glucose residues connected through alpha-(1,6)-linkages. In this work, BLDs were prepared by hydrolysis of starch by alpha- and beta-amylases and subsequent ethanol precipitation into fractions of different molecular weights and structures. The characterization of BLDs was done using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The average molecular weights of BLDs from both corn and waxy corn starches decreased upon an increase in ethanol concentration from 70% to 90%, that is, from 1918.30 to 1274.23 and from 1938.11 to 1356.35, while the ratio of alpha-(1,4) to alpha-(1,6) glycosidic linkages increased from both corn (from 5.27 to 8.46) and waxy corn starches (from 3.80 to 4.62). The effect of BLDs with different degrees of polymerization on the pasting properties of corn starch was investigated by rapid visco-analysis (RVA). Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observation of the BLD/cornstarch mixtures was also carried out to explore the possible interaction between corn starch and BLDs. RVA showed that BLDs significantly changed the viscosity parameters of the BLD/cornstarch mixtures. The results of CLSM observation of samples further indicate that the cornstarch and BLDs interacted in the cornstarch–BLD system because of the low molecular weight and mobility of BLDs.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2018
·
IF 3.468
Chengjie Wu,Jinzong You,Xuejie Wang
Gemcitabine (GTB) is a nucleoside drug used in chemotherapy for various carcinomas. In order to know why does GTB have good thermal stability, and to further understand the relationship between thermal stability and molecular structure. The thermal decomposition of GTB was measured with various thermal analytical techniques, the gaseous products and the residues of thermal decomposition were determined and identified. The molecular bond orders were calculated. The thermal decomposition mechanism of GTB was discussed. The thermal decomposition kinetics and the prospective lifetime of GTB were studied using the ATSM method. The results indicated that two strong electronegative fluorine atoms on furan ring make the strong charge-transfer (CT) structure to be formed, this strong CT structure remarkably enhance the N-glycosidic bond and the weakest bond, and lead to higher thermal stability and distinctive thermal decomposition mechanism. The thermal decomposition of GTB is a three-stage process. The initial step of decomposition is likely due to the loss of a furan ring. Most of GTB decompose and carbonizes directly to form insoluble substance and small molecules and just part of GTB decompose by way of cytosine stage. The initial decomposition temperature in either nitrogen or air is 235 °C. For decomposition in nitrogen, the apparent activation energy E a and pre-exponential factor A for the initial thermal decomposition are 123.4 kJ mol −1 and 3.80 × 10 10 min −1 , respectively. For decomposition in air, the corresponding E a and A are 126.3 kJ mol −1 and 7.94 × 10 10 min −1 , respectively. GTB has very good thermal stability under routine temperature and dry air atmosphere.
研究领域:
药理学
·
药物化学
·
热分析
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 6.306
Yujing Sun,Wei Peng,Li Zeng,Yuanzhong Xue,Wenwen Lin,Xingqian Ye,Rongfa Guan,Peilong Sun
Acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis are the main methods for releasing glycosidically bound volatiles (GBV). However, acid hydrolysis yields a strong pungent odor, and enzymatic hydrolysis is time consuming. In the present study, a new method, ultrasound hydrolysis, is reported to release GBV. This method is simple, environmentally friendly, fast and effective. Large differences were observed in the released aglycones and glycosyls between ultrasound and enzymatic hydrolysis of GBV. More types of aglycones were released under ultrasound than enzymatic hydrolysis. Alcohols and esters were the main aglycones under enzymatic hydrolysis, and terpenoids, esters and aldehydes were the main aglycones under ultrasound hydrolysis. The glycosyls released under ultrasound hydrolysis were mannose, glucose and sucrose, and those released under enzymatic hydrolysis were galactose and sucrose. The present study gives a new insight into a hydrolytic method for GBV by using ultrasound hydrolysis and can provide a reference method for fruit juice aromatization.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Jinxia Liu,Xinyi Liu,Zhaoqing Song,Wenying Cao,Yue Li,Mingyu Xia,Dong Wang
Alpha-amylases typically act on starch and oligosaccharides that contain α-1,4 glycosidic linkages, while ginsenosides primarily consist of β-1,2 and β-1,6 glycosidic bonds, which cannot be hydrolyzed by α-amylases. However, for the first time, we have successfully isolated Streptococcus thermophilus 17140 (St17140), capable of converting ginsenoside Rb1 into rare ginsenosides. St17140 expresses a novel α-amylase (StAMY), which hydrolyzes ginsenoside Rb1 to produce Rd, gypenoside XVII, F 2 , and Rh 2 . With Rb 1 as the substrate, the optimal reaction temperature is 50 °C and the optimal pH is 5.5. When Rb 1 , Rd, or gypenoside XVII are used as substrates, the Km are 0.135 mM, 0.0871 mM, and 0.260 mM respectively, the Kcat are 0.621 min −1 , 0.397 min −1 , and 0.297 min −1 respectively, and the Kcat/Km are 4.59 min −1 ·mM −1 , 4.56 min −1 ·mM −1 and 1.14 min −1 ·mM −1 respectively. Utilizing molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis techniques, the mechanism of ginsenoside hydrolysis by StAMY was further elucidated. A107, F201, A337 and A268 are key amino acid residues that anchor the saponin in the active pocket, and D234 and D331 as catalytic amino acid residues to hydrolyze ginsenosides into rare ginsenosides. It is the first time to discover a novel α-amylase with the ability to hydrolyze ginsenosides β-1,2 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkage, and the first time to discover the ability of S. thermophilus to transform rare ginsenosides. These not only enrich the resources of glycosidases and offer novel insights for the rational modification of glycosidase, also are important for further elucidating the mechanism of probiotic transformation of rare ginsenosides and developing engineering bacteria with high production of rare ginsenosides.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
微生物学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Biyang Zhu,Cong Ma,Lijun You
Increasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-based systems have been developed to degrade various polysaccharides due to the presence of highly reactive free radicals, but published degradation mechanisms are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the degradation mechanism of six typical glucosidic bonds from different disaccharides in an ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2 system. The results showed that the H2O2 concentration, disaccharide concentration, and radiation intensity were important factors affecting pseudo-first-order kinetic constants. Hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical, and UV alone contributed 58.37, 18.52, and 19.17% to degradation, respectively. The apparent degradation rates ranked in the order of cellobiose ≈ lactose > trehalose ≈ isomaltose > turanose > sucrose ≈ maltose. The reaction pathways were then deduced after identifying their degradation products. According to quantum chemical calculations, the cleavage of α-glycosidic bonds was more kinetically unfavorable than that of β-glycosidic bonds. Additionally, the order of apparent degradation rates depended on the energy barriers for the formation of disaccharide-based alkoxyl radicals. Moreover, energy barriers for homolytic scissions of glucosidic C1–O or C7–O sites of these alkoxyl radicals ranked in the sequence: α-(1 → 2) ≈ α-(1 → 3) < α-(1 → 4) < β-(1 → 4) < α-(1 → 6) < α-(1 → 1) glucosidic bonds. This study helps to explain the mechanisms of carbohydrate degradation by free radicals.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
化学动力学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2016
·
IF 4.219
Chao Li,Xiangshi Li,Lijun You,Xiong Fu,Rui Hai Liu
Sargassum pallidum polysaccharides were fractioned using a DEAE-Sepharose fast-flow column and four polysaccharide fractions (SP-P1, SP-P2, PV-P3 and SP-P4) were obtained. Structural analyses indicated that SP-P2 and SP-P4 had higher molecular weights than SP-P1 and SP-P3. SP-P2, SP-P3 and SP-P4 comprised of fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and mannose in a similar molar ratio, while SP-P1 did not contain arabinose. SP-P2 and SP-P4 had a similar number of (1 → 6) or (1→) glycosidic linkages (1 → 2) or (1 → 4) glycosidic linkages and (1 → 3) glycosidic linkages, while SP-P1 and SP-P3 contained a small number of (1 → 3) glycosidic linkages. SP-P2 exhibited better bioactivities than SP-P1, SP-P3 and SP-P4, including antioxidant, anti-hemolysis inhibitory, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antiproliferative activities. These data suggest that S. pallidum has four polysaccharide fractions with different structural features and bioactivities and SP-P2 has potential to be explored as a functional food or complementary medicine.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
·
食品科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Yanyun Zhu,Yunyun Zheng,Bingge Liu,Kouadio Jean Eric-Parfait Kouame,Ebenezer O. Falade,Jianchu Chen,Xingqian Ye
Monosaccharide composition and glycosidic linkages analysis are essential for the structural characterization and biological activity research of polysaccharides. To simplify the analysis steps and improve detection efficiency, this study developed monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages detection methods based on UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS, and established a plant polysaccharide glycosidic linkages library. Furthermore, the detailed analysis process of monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages was presented through a plant polysaccharide (Chinese bayberry wine polysaccharide, CPW) example. The results showed that the monosaccharide analysis method could identify and quantify 20 monosaccharides within 13 min by 6 chromatograms. By this method, 7 monosaccharides were detected in CPW, which was consistent with previous results obtained using ion chromatography. Meanwhile, the UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS based method could analyze 112 glycosidic linkages of 9 plant monosaccharides within 30 min, and the results were distributed on 11 chromatograms. According to the approach, 44 different glycosidic linkages were identified in CPW. Based on Congo red assay and molecular weight as well as our findings of monosaccharide composition and glycosidic linkages, we proposed that CPW may consist of two distinct sugar chains: One composed of 1–2,4-Rha, 1–3,4-GalA, and 1-F-Ara, and the other composed of 1–3,4-Gal, 1–4-Gal, 1–3,4,6-Gal, and 1-F-Ara.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
植物学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYST
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Wei Wei,Yiwei Zhang,Mengdi Yu,Di Shen,Xiyu Sun,Mingshi Fu,Chi Zhang,Zhenzhen Jia,Mingzhen Zhang
Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent condition characterized by a multifaceted etiology, with its incidence exhibiting an upward trajectory. Consequently, it is imperative to develop a sensitive, straightforward, and convenient method for the analysis of biomarkers associated with DED to facilitate its auxiliary diagnosis. Lysozyme (LYZ), produced by the lacrimal gland, is a class of antibacterial enzymes believed to play a crucial role in immunity and is associated with DED. In this study, a novel fluorescent sensing platform utilizing neutral red-heparin sodium (NR-HS) was developed with LYZ as the target. The platform operates on the principle of static quenching, where HS effectively quenches the fluorescence of NR. As a hydrolase, LYZ can catalyze the hydrolysis of the glucoside bond in HS, thereby modulating the transformation of NR-HS fluorescence signal. This provides a straightforward fluorescent method for monitoring LYZ levels. Under optimal conditions, the developed "on-off-on" NR-HS sensing platform demonstrated the capability to detect LYZ within a range of 0.5 to 10 µg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.42 µg/mL, and exhibited enhanced specificity for LYZ. In conclusion, a cost-effective, rapid, and efficient LYZ sensing platform was established, which facilitates the diagnosis of DED and shows potential as a diagnostic detection technique.
研究领域:
医学诊断
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）