CsPbBr 3 @Cs 4 PbBr 6 hexagonal NCs with a bright photoluminescence (PL) peak of 456 nm are created through the dissolution-recrystallization of CsPbBr 3 nanoplatelets. Small CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals are encapsulated in hexagonal Cs 4 PbBr 6 during recrystallization to form a core-shell structure and keep high brightness and stability. The recrystallization kinetics is systematically investigated to explore the roles of methyl acetate, oleylamine, and n-hexane. Result further indicates that core/shell NCs remained high PL under a variety of harsh conditions (e.g., light irradiation and heat treatment) because of Cs 4 PbX 6 shell and the controlling of recrystallization. Their initial PL intensity is remained after 4 months of storage under ambient conditions and continuous exposure to UV lamp for 180 min. The bright PL is also maintained even treatment at 120 °C. To indicate the universality of this synthesis method, CsPbX 3 @Cs 4 PbX 6 hexagonal NCs with different emission colors are fabricated by changing temperature, solvent viscosity, and precursors (e,g, oleylamine and halogens). These core-shell samples reveal bright and stable green, orange, and red PL. Because of its high stability, the core/shell NCs are dispersed in flexible films to create diverse patterns. The films also exhibit high brightness and excellent stability. This strategy opens a novel avenue for the application of perovskite nanomaterials in the display field.
Histopathology plays a great role in diagnosing various diseases, which is considered as a golden standard for tumor identification. The tissue constituents must be stained by visible labels for microscopic analysis by medical experts. However, this process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive, which requires rapid pathological approaches for diagnosis in the operating room. Here, we present an easy-to-process and high-performance perovskite biological probes for rapid and visual pathological diagnosis of glioma. Perovskite quantum dots can be encapsulated by the copolymer into nanocrystals (PNCs) with a diameter of 100 nm, which is modified with chlorotoxin to achieve the specific recognition of glioma. Benefiting from the super photoluminescence quantum yield (above 93%) of EVA@PNCs aqueous solution, the glioma can be clearly imaged and captured via a smartphone under the excitation of a handheld UV lamp. To demonstrate the visualization and efficiency of PNC probes, different malignant grades of brain tumor sections can be distinguished in no more than 5 min. This strategy provides a general auxiliary diagnosis platform for achieving the histopathology analysis near the operating bed, which is currently not feasible with standard histochemical staining methods.
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