DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.122
Peiyu Tan,Feifei Lu,Yuge Han
A dual-layer structure combining the properties of two polymers is demonstrated to be efficient in strengthening the mid-to-far infrared modulation. Prior to the assembly of bilayer devices, the infrared adjustment capability of single-layer devices poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ( PEDOT )、poly(pyrrole) ( PPY ) and poly(aniline) ( PANI ) with different polymerization charges is scrutinized. The results exhibit that the optimal polymerization charge affording the highest reflectance variation is inconsistent between the mid-wavelength and long-wavelength bands in PEDOT and PPY devices. However, through the arrangement of deposition sequence and relative thickness of PEDOT and PPY coatings, a device with the reflectance contrast of 0.662 in the mid-wavelength and 0.281 in the long-wavelength bands was obtained utilizing a bilayer film PEDOT-0.2C/PPY-0.3C . Further FTIR and UV–Vis spectra show that the bilayer films are successfully formed and both polymers play a role in the electrochemical process . Different morphologies of bilayer films with reverse positions observed by SEM images account for the correlation between the infrared regulation performance and deposition sequence.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Hengzhi Zhang,Junyu Yuan,Yulin Liu,Rongzong Zheng,Chunyang Jia
Polyaniline (PANI) is a promising electrochromic (EC) material for adaptive camouflage due to its reversible infrared (IR) emissivity regulation via electrochemical redox processes under electrical stimulation. Nevertheless, structural instability originating from chain conformation degradation during prolonged electrochemical cycling, coupled with restricted polaron delocalization that impedes charge carrier mobility in π-conjugated systems, impose fundamental limitations on IR emissivity regulation, compromising operational durability and emissivity modulation efficiency. Constructing metal ion ligand coordination networks within PANI is a viable strategy for the simultaneous enhancement of optoelectronic performance and structural stability. Capitalizing on this coordination chemistry paradigm, a co-doping strategy combining protonic acid and zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) was developed to fabricate a high-performance PANI-based EC device. The optimized device exhibited an exceptional emissivity modulation amplitude (Δε = 0.65) within 8-14 μm while maintaining 98% emissivity modulation retention after continuous electrochemical switching over 1000 cycles. The results show that co-doping effectively enhances electron delocalization and polaron density in PANI chains. Moreover, the intra- and inter-chain coordination of Zn 2+ with PANI strengthens their interaction, thus improving the IR emissivity modulation range and electrochemical stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
·
2022
·
IF 3.868
Ting Qin,Xiaohui Gao,Pin Zhang,Longlong Qin,Chen Li,Haipeng Xie,Shengxiang Huang,Congwei Liao,Lianwen Deng
The electrochromic (EC) process is essentially an electrochemical reaction associated with the intercalation (de-intercalation) of ions to (from) the EC film. To improve the infrared emissivity modulation performances of the infrared electrochromic devices (IR-ECDs), polyaniline/carbon quantum dots (PANI/CDs) flexible films were fabricated by the electropolymerized approach in this paper. The prepared PANI/CDs porous films were exhibited and verified excellent electrochromic properties through micromorphology analysis and electrochemical tests. The measured emittance variation (Δ ε ) of the prepared PANI/CDs samples are 0.41, 0.46, and 0.42 in ranges of wavelength 3–5 μm, 8–14 μm, and 2.5–25 μm, respectively. In addition, for the infrared range of 2.5–25 μm, the radiation energy can be continuously modulated from 80.77 to 241.98 W/m 2 (ΔP = 161.21 W/m 2 ). The assembled IR-ECD based on PANI/CDs films obtains excellent IR modulation ability, that the emittance variations are 0.39, 0.41, and 0.37 in the wavelength ranges of 3–5 μm, 8–14 μm, and 2.5–25 μm, respectively. The switching times of the device for the coloration and bleaching are 3.1 s and 3.7 s respectively, much shorter than that of previously reported ECDs based on PANI. Meanwhile, the developed ECD presents decent durability, as the Δε values of IR-ECD in wavelength ranges of 3–5 μm, 8–14 μm, and 2.5–25 μm maintaining radio of 75%, 76%, and 68%, and current maintaining ratio of the device is above 90% after aging measurements of consecutive 100 cycles. Furthermore, the integrated IR-ECD was proposed to achieve dynamic conversion from golden yellow to dark green in the visible light regime through precise tuning of external biasing voltage. The proposed ECD based on PANI/CDs technology is promising for the future of adaptive IR sensors and thermoregulation-related applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2019
·
IF 8.456
Shuwen Zhao,Ying Tao,Yunxiang Chen,Yijie Zhou,Rong Li,Lingling Xie,Aibin Huang,Ping Jin,Shidong Ji
Vanadium dioxide is one kind of desirable infrared modulator for sensors because of its remarkable temperature-responsive infrared modulation ability via autogeneic metal–insulator transition. However, the detriments of poor chemical stability and narrow scope of extensive-researched application (e.g., smart windows) restrict its mass production. Here, we propose a VO2@MgF2@PDA inorganic–organic hybrid coated architecture for greatly enhancing the optical durability more than 13 times in contrast to pristine VO2 and the transmittance difference between room and high temperature changed within 20% (decreasing from 25 to 20.1%) at λ = 1200 nm after the ageing time of 1000 h at constant temperature (60 °C) and relative humidity (90%). Furthermore, based on the as-synthesized durability-enhanced nanoparticles, we fabricated a flexible sensor for temperature-field fluorescence imaging by integrating the VO2-based near-infrared modulator with the upconversion fluorescence material. Additionally, the formation mechanism of VO2@MgF2 core–shell nanoparticles was studied in detail. The inorganic–organic combination strategy paves a new way for improving the stability of nanoparticles, and the use of VO2-based flexible temperature-fluorescence sensors is a promising technique for remote and swift temperature-field distribution imaging on complicated and campulitropal surfaces.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2022
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 5.418
Qin Ting,Deng Lianwen,Zhang Pin,Tang Min,Li Chen,Xie Haipeng,Huang Shengxiang,Gao Xiaohui
Driven by the urgent need for adaptive infrared (IR) electrochromic devices, the improvement in electrochromic performance based on polyaniline (PANI) conducting polymers has become an outstanding challenge. In recent years, the acid doping strategy has been proven to increase the IR modulation ability of PANI, in particular for the Bronsted acid doping. Herein, the effects of copper ions, a Lewis acid, on the structure and electrochromic properties of polyaniline were investigated. Compared to pure polyaniline, the Cu-doped PANI porous films show better IR modulation ability. With the increasing concentration of copper ions, the Cu-doped PANI porous films exhibit a trend in volcanic patterns for the emittance variation (∆ ε ), depending on the number of polarons and bipolarons. The optimal IR emissivity ( ε ) modulation obtained on Cu-doped PANI films shows the ∆ ε modulation of 0.35 and 0.3 in the wavelength range of 8–14 µm and 2.5–25 µm, superior to previously reported pure sulfuric acid-doped PANI. Furthermore, a flexible IR electrochromic device was fabricated with the present Cu-doped PANI porous films. The modulation of the emittance variation varied between 0.513 and 0.834 (∆ ε = 0.32 in ranges of wavelength 8–12 µm), suggesting the great potential for applications in military camouflage and intelligent IR thermal management. We believe that the results in this work will provide a novel perspective and avenue for improving the IR modulation ability of electrochromic devices based on polyaniline conducting polymers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Ting Qin,Lianwen Deng,Ningrong Zhang,Pin Zhang,Yawen Liu,Longlong Qin,Shengxiang Huang,Leilei Qiu,Sen Peng
Polyaniline (PANI) conducting polymers exhibit potential electrochromic properties. However, the electrochromic response of PANI films in the infrared (IR) ranges is restricted by their dense structure. Herein, the polyaniline/carbon quantum dots (PANI/CQDs) films were synthesized with sulfuric acid (SA) and CQDs as the dopants. The tetrahedral structures of SA contribute to the formation of highly oriented lamellar PANI. The synergistic effect between CQDs and PANI promotes the loose and porous surface morphology, thereby improving the electrochromic performance of PANI film. The PANI/CQDs porous film for the polymerization charge of 0.5C (PANI/CQDs-5) shows the optimal electrochromic properties and IR modulation capacity, achieving an optical contrast (ΔT) values of 53 % at 850 nm, and with the emittance variation (Δ ε ) values of 0.41, 0.46 and 0.42 in 3–5 μm, 8–14 μm, and 2.5–25 μm, respectively. Furthermore, the switching time of the PANI/CQDs-5 films for coloration and blanching are 2.5 s and 3.6 s, respectively, with over 95 % retention after 100 cycles. Theoretical calculations verified that PANI/CQDs composite films displayed outstanding electron and ion transfer kinetics, facilitating superior electrochromic properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Jialin Gao,Jialiang Zhou,Meng Yuan,Senlong Yu,Wujun Ma,Zexu Hu,Hengxue Xiang,Meifang Zhu
Electrochromic devices (ECDs), which are capable of modulating optical properties in the visible and long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectra under applied voltage, are of great significance for military camouflage. However, there are a few materials that can modulate dual frequency bands. In addition, the complex and specialized structural design of dual-band ECDs poses significant challenges. Here, we propose a novel approach for a bendable ECD capable of modulating LWIR radiation and displaying multiple colors. Notably, it eliminates the need for a porous electrode or a grid electrode, thereby improving both the response speed and fabrication feasibility. The device employs multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as both the transparent electrode and the LWIR modulator, polyaniline (PANI) as the electrochromic layer, and ionic liquids (HMIM[TFSI]) as the electrolyte. The ECD is able to reduce its infrared emissivity (Δε = 0.23) in a short time (resulting in a drop in infrared temperature from 50 to 44 °C) within a mere duration of 0.78 ± 0.07 s while changing its color from green to yellow within 3 s when a positive voltage of 4 V is applied. In addition, it exhibits excellent flexibility, even under bending conditions. This simplified structure provides opportunities for applications such as wearable adaptive camouflage and multispectral displays.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
军事应用
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials Today Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 7.613
S. Song,G. Xu,B. Wang,D. Liu,Z. Ren,J. Gu,H. Wei,L. Zhang,J. Zhao,Y. Li
Effective infrared (IR) modulation is crucial for engineered technologies, such as energy-efficient buildings, personal thermal management, multiple electronic instruments, adaptive thermal camouflage and smart thermoregulation. The static control occupies most portion in the past, to explore the materials that could dynamically modulate IR irradiation has emerged as an urgent scientific challenge. Drawing inspiration from squid skin, a dynamic IR modulator (Au-SEBS membrane) consisting of IR-reflective metal layer and IR-transparent elastomer matrix has been developed. Under a simple mechanical strain, the IR optical performance of Au-SEBS membrane including reflectance, transmittance, and absorptance alters, which is attributed to the generating microcracks at the metal layer. The results demonstrate that the reflectance varies from 97% to 37%, whereas 3%–51% for transmittance and 0%–12% for absorptance at the wavelength range of 2.5–25 μm. Additionally, the Au-SEBS membrane exhibits a distinctive thermal-healed ability due to the thermoplastic elastomer characteristic of SEBS copolymer . The material features a simple actuation mechanism, straightforward manipulate, fast response, and robust mechanical properties , which exhibits a promising potential for adaptive thermal camouflage, thermal management, and other related technologies that regulate the IR irradiation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
仿生学
·
红外技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBON
·
2024
·
IF 10.5
Guangyuan Feng,Huicong Chang,Shujuan Tan,Lejun Qu,Tianyu Chen,Lin Xiao,Guangbin Ji
Carbon-based materials exhibit unrivaled ability to modulate electromagnetic waves in the infrared band. However, the black appearance restricts the application in the visible light camouflage. This work combines color coatings (consisting mainly of pigments and thermochromic microcapsules) with carbon-based devices and overcomes the high absorption of the color coatings in the mid-infrared band. Ultimately, the obtained white carbon film (W-CNT) device exhibits tunable thermal emissivity from 0.453 to 0.833, maintains a residual modulation range up to 71.7%. In addition, the expansion of the coloration layer to thermochromic microcapsules enables the devices to independently modulate the visible and mid-infrared spectra, further expanding the applicability. We believe that the carbon-based device is valuable for a wide range of applications in camouflage and personal thermal management, which may provide some ideas for designing multispectral independent modulation devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Zongtao Zhang,Yifei Liu,Ke Jiao,Yunxiang Chen,Jing Tong,Jin Li,Miaoran Xu,Chao Xue,José V. Anguita,Jing Zhang,Kai Yang,Wei Zhang,Guosheng Shao,S.Ravi P. Silva,Yanfeng Gao
Electrochromic devices (ECDs) capable of modulating infrared emission hold great potential in many application fields, including energy harvesting and conservation, sustainable building technology, thermal imaging, and spacecraft thermal control. However, its wider implementation requires the development of innovative strategies to achieve high modulation ratio, high flexibility, low cost, and seamless integration capabilities. Here we present a low-cost, large-area-compatible, solution-process approach for flexible infrared ECDs (IR-ECDs) by designing gradient porous membrane-supported polyaniline (PANI) composite structures. These devices achieve a superior emissivity variation (Δε) of 0.56 across the critical atmospheric transparency window of 8–14, coupled with a large modulation of radiative temperature by 10.9 °C at 40 °C environmental conditions. Remarkably, they retain a high Δε even after 120,000 s of continuous operation, demonstrating exceptional cycling durability with a minimal emissivity decay rate of 0.0145 % per cycle. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the flexible, self-powered IR-ECDs are able to support continuous modulation operation for an impressive duration of circa 20 years for a large device with an area of 1 m 2 , consuming a minimal 1-kilowatt hour (kWh) of electricity. This development paves the way for new, high-efficiency strategies in preparing and deploying high-performance adaptive energy-management applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
可持续建筑
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materiomics
·
2024
·
IF 8.4
Jin Li,Chunhui Zhang,Yunxiang Chen,Ke Jiao,Zhang Chen,Yifei Liu,Yanfeng Gao,Zongtao Zhang
Smart windows are an important strategy to reduce the energy consumption in buildings, which accounts for as much as 30%–40% of the society’s energy consumption. VO 2 -based thermochromic materials can intelligently regulate the solar heat gains of building interiors. However, the unmatched thermal emissivity ( ɛ ) modulation of traditional VO 2 /glass systems, i.e. , high emissivity at low temperatures and low emissivity at high temperatures, leads to additional heating and cooling energy loads in winter and summer, respectively. In this study, we propose a novel VO 2 /polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/AgNW multilayer possessing flexible Ag nanowire supported Fabry–Pérot cavities, which synchronously achieves high modulation abilities in both solar spectrum ( ΔT sol of 13.6%) and middle infrared region ( Δɛ of 0.50 at 8–13 μm). These achievements are the best among reports for pure VO 2 smart windows. This study provides a flexible and effective protocol to dynamically enhance the light and heat utilization for practical building windows.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 25
·8538-8545
·
IF 7.059
Mingyang Li,Dongqing Liu,Haifeng Cheng,Liang Peng,Mei Zu
Dynamic modulation of thermal radiation has emerged as an important field of research in recent years, and it has shown a wide range of potential applications in energy-efficient buildings, personal thermal management, adaptive camouflage and spacecraft thermoregulation. Herein, inspired by the unique optical properties of metals and the excellent optical and electrical properties of graphene, we develop dynamic infrared (IR)-modulation devices by reversibly electrodepositing metals on graphene-based electrodes. The as-prepared graphene-based electrodes show high IR transparency and acceptable sheet resistance on the O2 plasma-treated polypropylene (PP) films and the zinc oxide (ZnO)-modified barium fluoride (BaF2) substrates, satisfying the basic requirements of achieving dynamic IR modulation in reversible metal electrodeposition (RME) systems. Moreover, by assembling the two types of graphene-based IR-transparent electrodes into a two-electrode RME system and after electrodepositing for tens of seconds, both of the two devices exhibit substantial apparent temperature declines, indicating their potential IR modulation capabilities. Finally, we believe that incorporating IR-transparent graphene-based electrodes into RME systems may provide a possible dynamic IR-modulation approach for inspiring and bettering many thermal radiation management-related technologies.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
光学工程
·
能源材料
·
电子器件
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）