Colloid and Interface Science Communications
·
2020
·
IF 2.831
Jiaxing Song,Tao Guo,Miao Yao,Jialin Chen,Wen Ding,Xiaonan Zhang,Fengli Bei,Junyi Huang
Graphene oxide (GO) with outstanding mechanical properties and high temperature stability is attractive to many researchers. As a flame retardant, GO also has been widely used in fire resistance applications of polymers. Herein, to explore ignition resistance effect of GO on nanothermite, GO/Al/MnO 2 nanocomposites were prepared. Due to the large specific surface area, GO can completely cover the surface of nanothermite components. Thermal results showed that exothermic thermite reaction occurred in the range of 500 °C to 600 °C while with GO addition, thermite reaction did not happen at all. Originally, combustion phenomenon of Al/MnO 2 nanothermite was intense with bright flame, but GO/Al/MnO 2 nanocomposites cannot be ignited even if the current on heating wires was higher. The physical barrier of GO hinders the direct contact between fuel and oxidizer which prevents the occurrence of self-propagating thermite reaction. This work provides guiding significance to the design of nanothermite flame retardant.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 3.871
Lei Xiao,Lujia Zhao,Xiang Ke,Tengyue Zhang,Gazi Hao,Yubing Hu,Guangpu Zhang,Hu Guo,Wei Jiang
Nanothermites have a promising study in micro propellant due to its faster reaction rate, higher energy-release efficiency, and significantly enhanced combustion performance. However, most thermites prepared by physical mixing are easy to separate during the propellant preparation process, significantly impeding the embodiment of the advantages of thermite. In this study, Al/CuO/PVDF microspheres incorporating high explosive RDX have been successfully assembled by electrospray technology. The thermal and combustion performance of the composite microspheres have significantly improved. They have shorter delay time, burning time, and higher pressure, pressurization rate than the physical mixtures, which are attributed to their uniform structure and the interaction of the components. And based on combustion tests, the combustion performance of microspheres is mainly affected by the content of RDX. These results indicate that the electrospray technology and adding RDX into microspheres are effective methods to prepare nanothermites with enhanced reactivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸领域
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2017
·
IF 6.216
Pan Liu,Xiangyu Li,Long Cheng,Xuqiang Zhu,Yanchun Li,Dongming Song
A new type of nanothermite composed of n-Al (metal fuel) and FeF 3 (oxidizer) was investigated in this paper. The thermal behavior and combustion properties of the n-Al/FeF 3 nanothermite were compared with that of n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 nanothermite by TG/DSC-MS, XRD, SEM and high-speed camera. The results showed that the decomposition of FeF 3 begins at 300 °C and releases free F ions. The F ions react with Al 2 O 3 shell covered on the surface of aluminum. The start and exothermic peak temperatures of the major reaction of n-Al/FeF 3 are at 415 °C and 520 °C respectively, which are 95 °C and 34 °C lower than those of n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 . Furthermore, the FeF 3 will be reduced to Fe completely at 700 °C. However, the Fe 2 O 3 could only be converted to Fe 3 O 4 . It demonstrates that the reaction of n-Al/FeF 3 is completely, but only a part of n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 reacts at 700 °C. The n-Al/FeF 3 has larger, brighter flame and shorter burning time than n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 in open air.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Research Express
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 3
·035507
·
IF 1.62
Shi Li,Tao Guo,Miao Yao,Wen Ding,Jialin Chen,Jiaxing Song,Sheng Zhang,Rui Zhu
To study the effect of the addition of potassium perchlorate (KClO4) on the performance of nano thermites, Al/Bi2O3 nano thermites with different mass fraction (wt%) of KClO4 was made by ultrasonic dispersion method. Then, all samples were tested by SEM, DSC and rapid excitation ignition. DSC results showed Al/Bi2O3/10 wt%KClO4 had the highest heat release. Compared with Al/Bi2O3, the heat release increased by 28.32%. The results of activation energy calculations showed Al/Bi2O3/30 wt%KClO4 had the lowest activation energy (Ea). Its activation energy was reduced by 30%, mere about 149.17 KJ mol−1. Finally, it can be seen from the combustion situation that the addition of KClO4 reduced the intensity of burning. This work found a way to increase the heat release or reduce the activation energy of nano thermites by controlling the amount of KClO4 added.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
·
2024
·Vol. 49
·期 5
·e202300285
·
IF 1.7
Mi Li,Zhongxuan Han,Lin Jiang,Guozhong Xu
Nano-thermite has become a subject of significant interest in the composite energetic materials field due to its high energy release rate. To cater to diverse engineering needs, thermite formulations are often customized to fulfill specific criteria. This study investigates the potential of metal nickel (Ni) as an additive to modify nano-thermite formulations, selected for its optimal calorific values and chemical reactivity. The base materials, nano-aluminum (Al) and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), are blended with varying mass ratios of Ni (1 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, 9 %) using the wet ball milling method. Pre-reaction and post-reaction morphological and compositional alterations in the resultant thermite samples are scrutinized through SEM and XRD characterization tests. Moreover, DSC analysis and combustion experiments were conducted to examine the pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the evaluated samples. The results reveal a reduced exothermic peak on the DSC curves with the introduction of Ni, making the liquid-solid ( L - S ) phase reaction more challenging compared to the Al/Fe 2 O 3 thermite. Intriguingly, Ni addition progressively decreases the combustion temperature of thermites as the Ni's mass ratio increases, with a peak efficiency at 7 % in the perforation tests on stainless-steel plates. This research further reveals that the thermite reaction mechanism is a combined consequence of the “pre-ignition-fusion” and “fusion-diffusion” mechanisms. These insights can provide valuable guidance for designing thermite formulations for potential applications in storage, management, and pyrotechnic cutting areas.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Chen Jialin,An Ming,Dai Mengnan,Li Shutao,Chen Yeqing,Song Rui,Song Jiaxing,Chen Longming,Zhong Xiting,Tian Quanwei
The properties of oxidants significantly affect the thermal and combustion properties of nanothermites, and alpha and beta-MnO 2 nanorods with similar morphological appearances were prepared using the hydrothermal method. Corresponding nanothermites were prepared employing the electrostatic spraying method and their thermal and combustion properties have been compared through TG-DSC and combustion tests. The aluminothermic reaction process was simulated by molecular dynamics, and the results showed that the β-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite first underwent β-MnO 2 thermal decomposition followed immediately by an aluminothermic reaction, whereas the α-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite underwent a direct aluminothermic reaction. In contrast, the α-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite could release more heat. According to thermal analysis, the activation energy of α-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite was 100.15 kJ mol − 1 higher than β-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite, indicating better stability. Combustion experiments showed that the combustion propagation rate of the α-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite was faster than the β-MnO 2 /Al nanothermite. The results have been verified and the reaction process has been exhibited using molecular dynamics to simulate the aluminothermic reaction process. The notable differences in the thermal and combustion properties of nanothermites containing MnO 2 with varying phases can be attributed to the distinct crystal structures of α-MnO 2 and β-MnO 2 . The alternating 1 × 1 and 2 × 2 tunnel structure of α-MnO 2 is more stable, whereas β-MnO 2 undergoes thermal decomposition before the aluminothermic reaction.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Haifeng Yang,Chuanhao Xu,Weimiao Wang,Pengfei Tang,Xiaodong Li,Shanshan He,Hebin Bao,Shuaishuai Man,Deyun Tang,Xueming Li,Guangcheng Yang,Zhiqiang Qiao
Micro-propulsion underwater technology has been an extensively concerned topic in advanced marine energy systems because of its wide prospects in high-precision prospecting and positioning. Wherein, the design and selection of propellant in energy-supply systems are the key issues to greatly explore its future application. Here, the hydrophobic thermite sticks which contain hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene nanoparticles and modified aluminum coated with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane shells, were fabricated via a simple direct-writing approach. The modified thermite sticks exhibit stable underwater combustion and self-sustained propagation with a small diameter size (0.94 ± 0.05 mm). In-situ observation shows that the underwater reaction process could be divided into three steps: laser-induction, organic decomposition-dissolution, and thermite reaction. The aging results indicate that the thermite sticks demonstrate an excellent storage stability wherever in air or underwater environments. Simultaneously, it is found that its critical energy required to sustain stable underwater combustion is higher than that in air. Most notably, it not only can be used as the fuels for controllable miniature underwater propulsion, but also can be applied as the energy-delivery materials to expand thrust capacity of vehicles by igniting higher impulse explosives, such as CL-20.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
海洋工程
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemistryOpen
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 4
·464-470
·
IF 2.911
Shi Li,Tao Guo,Miao Yao,Jiaxing Song,Wen Ding,Yiming Mao,Jialin Chen
Graphical The particle size of Bi 2 O 3 in thermite systems has an effect on the thermal excitation threshold and combustion performance. The increase of the particle size increases the thermal excitation threshold, reduces the amount of heat release, accelerates the combustion rate, and reduces the duration of combustion. The influence of Bi 2 O 3 particles size at the sub-micron scale on the thermal excitation threshold and combustion performance of nano-thermite systems was investigated. Three formulas were designed and prepared, Al(100 nm)/Bi 2 O 3 (170 nm), Al(100 nm)/Bi 2 O 3 (370 nm) and Al(100 nm)/Bi 2 O 3 (740 nm). The samples were characterized and tested by SEM, XRD, and DSC techniques. Electrical ignition and combustion experiments were performed. The results showed that with the increase of the particle size of Bi 2 O 3 , in the case of slow linear heating, the exothermic heat decreased (1051.2 J g −1 , 527.3 J g −1 and 243.6 J g −1 ) and the thermal excitation threshold temperature increased (564.52 °C, 658.1 °C and 810.9 °C). Simultaneously, the state of the thermite reaction correspondingly changed to solid-solid, liquid-solid and liquid-liquid thermite reaction. In the case of rapid heating , the increase in particle size increased the excitation current (0.561A, 0.710A and 0.837A). During the combustion process, the thermite system with the smallest Bi 2 O 3 particle size showed the largest combustion rate, and that with the largest particle size had the longest combustion duration.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸领域
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Miao He,Di Li,Yejin Wang,Anqi Li,Xuzhong Zeng,Xiaohua Chen,Wenjing Yang,Yunhuai Zhang,Xueming Li
Nano aluminum (nAl) is widely used as fuel in energetic materials owing to its high energy density. However, the highly reactive nAl is vulnerable to humidity and aqueous environment, leading to degradation of energy and limitations in practical application. Herein, the highly stable Al@TAM (M = Cu, Fe, Co, Bi) composites were prepared by coordination of tannic acid (TA) and metal ions on the surface of nAl. SEM and XRD results show that the Al@TAM composites maintain their morphology and phase composition after 14 days of immersion in water. Besides, TG tests also indicate that the Al@TAM can retain over 95 % of its active aluminum content. Molecular dynamics simulation reveals that the stable TAM layers can isolate H 2 O and Al 2 O 3 and the hydrogen bonds between TA and H 2 O molecules can inhibit the diffusion process, thereby enhancing the stability of nano aluminum. In terms of energetic performance of Al@TAM in nanothermites, DSC results and product analyses show that the CuO/Al@TAM nanothermites exhibit higher energy release and reaction extent than that of CuO/Al. In addition, the CuO/Al@TAM composites show higher flame intensity and maximum pressure compared to CuO/Al. Therefore, the facile coating strategy of metal-phenolic network (MPN) can stabilize aluminum in water without sacrificing the energetic performance of aluminum in CuO/Al nanothermite.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BMC Chemistry
·
2024
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 4.3
Chen Jialin,Li Shutao,Dai Mengnan,An Ming,Song Rui,Chen Yeqing,Song Jiaxing,Tian Quanwei,Zhong Xiting,Yan Qiushi
To improve the thermal and combustion properties of nanothermites, a design theory of changing the state of matter and structural state of the reactants during reaction was proposed. The Al/MoO 3 /KClO 4 (Kp) nanothermite was prepared and the Al/MoO 3 nanothermite was used as a control. SEM and XRD were used to characterize the nanothermites; DSC was used to test thermal properties; and constant volume and open combustion tests were performed to examine their combustion performance. Phase and morphology characterization of the combustion products were performed to reveal the mechanism of the aluminothermic reaction. The results show that the Al/MoO 3 /Kp nanothermite exhibited excellent thermal properties, with a total heat release of 1976 J·g − 1 , increasing by approximately 33% of 1486 J·g − 1 of the Al/MoO 3 nanothermite, and activation energy of 269.66 kJ·mol − 1 , which demonstrated higher stability than the Al/MoO 3 nanothermite (205.64 kJ·mol − 1 ). During the combustion test, the peak pressure of the Al/MoO 3 /Kp nanothermite was 0.751 MPa, and the average pressure rise rate was 25.03 MPa·s − 1 , much higher than 0.188 MPa and 6.27 MPa·s − 1 of the Al/MoO 3 nanothermite. The combustion products of Al/MoO 3 nanothermite were Al 2 O 3 , MoO, and Mo, indicating insufficient combustion and incomplete reaction, whereas, the combustion products of Al/MoO 3 /Kp nanothermite were Al 2 O 3 , MoO, and KCl, indicating complete reaction. Their “coral-like” morphology was the effect of reactants solidifying after melting during the combustion process. The characterization of reactants and pressure test during combustion reveals the three stages of aluminothermic reaction in thermites. The excellent thermal and combustion performance of Al/MoO 3 /Kp nanothermite is attributed to the melt and decomposition of Kp into O 2 in the third stage. This study provides new ideas and guidance for the design of high-performance nanothermites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2019
·
IF 3.372
Yinghui Hu,Yulin Yang,Kaifeng Lin,Dongyu Hao,Lele Qiu,Dakang Wang,Ruiqing Fan,Debin Xia
In this study, various nanothermites, such as nCuO/nano Al (nAl), nMoO 3 /nAl, nBi 2 O 3 /nAl, nFe 2 O 3 /nAl, nNiO/nAl and nMgO/nAl, were encapsulated into ammonium perchlorate (AP) by the evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) method. The obtained composites showed superior properties in decreasing the decomposition temperature of AP, increasing heat of release and ignition and combustion properties than the corresponding physically-mixed ones. The mechanism for such high-quality composites prepared by EISA was due to not only more intimate interaction between AP and nanothermites but also less agglomeration of nanothermites. nAl/nCuO/AP showed the lowest decomposition temperature of AP, highest heat of release and best ignition and combustion properties among all the obtained composites by EISA. This was because of effective conversion of NH 3 to N 2 O with less NO production, as proved by the real-time FT-IR. This work demonstrated that EISA was an effective approach with high compatibility for obtaining various AP-nanothermites-based energetic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 8.355
Ning Wang,Yubing Hu,Xiang Ke,Lei Xiao,Xiang Zhou,Shisi Peng,Gazi Hao,Wei Jiang
Nanothermite, due to its high energy density, short ignition delay time, and self-sustained exothermic reaction, is attracting wide attention. In this study, an ammonium hydroxide assisted enhanced-absorption carbon microsphere template method is adopted to prepare double-shell NiO hollow nanospheres with controllable particle size, which further are evaluated as the oxidizers in nanothermite. A possible evolutionary process to form the double-shell NiO is described according to the transmission electron microscopy images at different calcination temperature. The thermal and combustion performances of Al/NiO nanothermite are studied by differential scanning calorimetry, electric ignition and constant-volume pressure cell tests. Results show that as the particle size of NiO hollow nanospheres decreases, the nanothermites show lower activation energy, higher heat release, stronger light intensity, shorter ignition delay time and higher pressurization rate. Based on the optical signal, the combustion process is mainly affected by the mass diffusion distance, depending on the gap between the inner and outer layer. These results indicate that Al/NiO nanothermite has excellent ignition and combustion properties, which are very promising for practical applications in microelectromechanical system (MEMS).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
燃烧与爆炸科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）