Optics Continuum
·
2023
·Vol. 2
·期 3
·554-563
·
IF 0
Shiqing Zhao,Wenwen Xu,Yanhua Liu
Flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) are a future technology with huge impact on wearable displays, energy saving, and adaptive camouflage. In this work, we used embedded nickel (Ni) mesh transparent electrodes combined with a thin polymer film of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) to build a multifunctional flexible electrochemical device that integrates the functions of electrochromic and supercapacitor devices. The multi-layer architecture improves the device performance in terms of optical contrast and mechanical strength. Ni-mesh electrodes have a high optical transparency (84.8%), good mechanical flexibility, and low resistance (0.5 Ω/sq), which is conducive to efficient electron injection, benefiting to the response time of the constructed device. The thin polymer film of PEDOT:PSS is an electrochromic (EC) material that also uniformly distributes electrons for a uniform coloration. The fabricated device shows fast response to coloring and bleaching (1.2 and 0.8 s, respectively), an absolute transmittance contrast ratio of 40%, and area capacitance of up to 2.48 mF/cm2. Furthermore, the device exhibits excellent flexibility, and the electrochromic and electrochemical properties of the device are only partially diminished upon folding, which is beneficial for the construction of multifunctional flexible electrochromic devices. With its response time, working stability, and bending ability, our multifunctional device paves the way for the next generation of flexible electronics.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Hong Zhang,Qian Du,Xin Du,Zhanglian Xu,Shaoqiang Guo,Wentao Zhou
The electrorefining of spent nuclear fuels in a molten LiCl-KCl salt electrolyte recovers the valuable actinides but also releases radioactive fission products in the salt. To minimize the nuclear waste volume, dissolved fission products such as rare earths (REs) must be removed from the electrorefining salt and immobilized into proper wasteforms. Here we propose a two-step approach for treating the electrorefining waste salt by (i) the electrolytic recovery of REs from the salt using a liquid metal cathode; and subsequent (ii) oxidative extraction of REs from the liquid metal into durable wasteforms. Experimental demonstration using rare earth element samarium (Sm) and liquid metal (Bi) was successful. The Sm ions dissolved in the salt can be selectively recovered as dendrite Sm-Bi intermetallic products on the top of liquid bismuth cathode through electrolysis at appropriate applied currents or potentials. Then the Sm in the Sm-Bi alloy was efficiently extracted into both zinc-in-titania (ZIT) glass ceramic and lanthanide aluminoborosilicate (LABS) glass wasteforms through selective oxidation at Sm 2 O 3 loadings of 18–25 wt% and 50 wt%, respectively. Recycling of the electrorefining salt with minimum nuclear waste generation is foreseeable with the use of this simple, efficient, and highly compatible process.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2023
·
IF 5
Yuzhen Qian,Chunxiao Chai,Ping Qi,Lin Ma,Jingcheng Hao
The concept and principles of chromatic engineering of electrolytes have demonstrated charming prospects for constructing pluralistic electrochromic devices. Here, we develop a synthetic design bearing thermochromic and electrochromic behaviors based on the ionic liquid (IL) microemulsion-based gel, driven by the intrinsic thermodynamic stability of microemulsion and ionic conductivity of IL. The prepared gel can tune light-scattering behaviors as the droplet expanded or aggregated when the temperature is out of its thermodynamically stable temperature range. Not only that, oil-phase IL ([EMIM]TFSI) as well as introduced LiCl and LiTFSI endows it with satisfactory ionic conductivity, making it able to be utilized as a free-standing electrolyte layer for the electrochromic smart window. Therefore, the fabricated smart window based on this gel and WO3 electrochromic layer successfully realizes dual-stimuli responsiveness for both temperature and electric field, possessing energy-saving combined with privacy protection function. In addition, the component compatibility of microemulsion allows the harmonious introduction of hydrophilic antifreeze moisturizer ethylene glycol (EG) and hydrophobic ultraviolet absorber 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone (2H4MBP), which further promotes the multifunctional integration of a smart window for the strengthened safety factor, anti-freezing, anti-drying, and anti-UV capabilities. Finally, we extend the application of the IL microemulsion-based gel to an ionic writing plate based on the same electrochromic mechanism. In brief, this innovative preparation method paves the way for multifunctional electrochromic devices.
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高影响因子
Metals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·937
·
IF 2.9
Chuanbin Wang,Yongxin Cheng,Sumeng Hu,Kejia Kang,Yuzhe Han,Xudan Zhang,Ronghan Wei,Guoqiang Luo
W-Si-C composites with high relative densities and good mechanical and wear properties were successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering. The influence of SiC content on the relative density, microstructure, mechanical properties and wear characteristics was investigated. The results indicated that the reaction between SiC and W at their interface produced W2C and W5Si3. SiC also reacted with oxygen impurities at the W grain boundary to form SiO2. The purification of the grain boundaries of W was carried out by SiO2synthesis. Reactive sintering reduces the free energy of the system and facilitates the densification process of W-Si-C composites. This results in a significant increase in the relative density of W-Si-C composites, which reaches a maximum of 98.12%, higher than the 94.32% of pure tungsten. The hardness significantly increases from 4.33 GPa to 8.40 GPa when the SiC content is 2 wt% compared to pure tungsten due to the generation of the hard ceramic phase and the increase in relative density. The wear resistance of the W-Si-C composites was significantly improved with little SiC addition. The wear rate significantly decreased from 313.27 × 10−3mm3/N·m of pure tungsten to 5.71 × 10−3mm3/N·m of W-0.5 wt% SiC. SEM analyses revealed that the dominant wear mechanism of pure tungsten was attributed to fatigue wear, while that of W-Si-C composites was due to abrasive wear.Keywords:W-Si-C composites;spark plasma sintering;interface reaction;mechanical properties;wear characteristics
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Feng Cheng,Yongfei Tong,Yang Liu,Yue Yuan,Zhiqiang Chen,Juan Liang,Yongli Zhang,Peng Zhou,Xiaoguang Duan,Bo Lai
In this study, vanadium powder (V) was employed as a cocatalyst to enhance the Fenton-like system. The V-Fe(III)/H 2 O 2 system can rapidly produce hydroxyl radicals and completely oxidize chloramphenicol with exceptionally high stability for long-term operation. The low-valent vanadium sites on the surface during the stepwise oxidation of vanadium from V 0 to V(IV) can donate electrons for direct H 2 O 2 activation and indirect Fenton reaction by reducing Fe(III) to produce hydroxyl radicals. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculation unveils that low-valent vanadium sites of vanadium can lengthen Fe-O bonds of FeOH 2+ to elevate the oxidation potential of Fe(III) and promote Fe(III) reduction induced by H 2 O 2 . The self-cleaning effect of vanadium under acidic conditions can maintain reactive sites for sustainable electron donation and long-lasting enhanced Fenton oxidation. This study provides a novel enhanced Fenton oxidation for water remediation and the first mechanistic insights into the origins of V-based advanced oxidation technologies , it may also be beneficial to treat vanadium-contained wastewater.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Small
·
2023
·Vol. 19
·期 14
·2206933
·
IF 13.3
Nanyang Wang,Liping Ding,Taotao Li,Kai Zhang,Liyun Wu,Zhengyang Zhou,Qian He,Xuhua He,Xuebin Wang,Yue Hu,Feng Ding,Jin Zhang,Yagang Yao
The large-scale synthesis of high-quality boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) has attracted considerable interests due to their applications in nanocomposites, thermal management, and so on. Despite decades of development, efficient preparation of high-quality BNNTs, which relies on the effective design of precursors and catalysts and deep insights into the catalytic mechanisms, is still urgently needed. Here, a self-catalytic process is designed to grow high-quality BNNTs using ternary W–B–Li compounds. W–B–Li compounds provide boron source and catalyst for BNNTs growth. High-quality BNNTs are successfully obtained via this approach. Density functional theory-based molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations demonstrate that the Li intercalation into the lattice of W 2 B 5 promotes the formation of W–B–Li liquid and facilitates the compound evaporation for efficient BNNTs growth. This work demonstrates a high-efficient self-catalytic growth of high-quality BNNTs via ternary W–B–Li compounds, providing a new understanding of high-quality BNNTs growth.
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高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2023
·
IF 22.1
Wanli Liang,Mengyan Zhou,Xinyi Lin,Jinchang Xu,Pengyu Dong,Zhichen Le,Muzi Yang,Jian Chen,Fangyan Xie,Nan Wang,Yanshuo Jin,Hui Meng
Hydrogen is considered as an efficient energy alternative, and the use of offshore wind power to electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen will become the future model. Here, nickel-doped tungsten oxide is proposed to realize hydrogen production from seawater. Ni-WO x @NF was prepared experimentally, in which Ni was doped into WO x to replace part of the W sites. There is a volcanic relationship between the amount of Ni doping and the activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction. Particularly in alkaline seawater, Ni-WO x @NF only needs an overpotential of 45.69 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm −2 and exhibits stability over 120 h. In addition, theoretical calculations confirmed that Ni doping can optimize the activity of hydrogen evolution reaction. This work proposes that nickel doping can enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of tungsten oxide with excellent corrosion resistance, enabling it to work efficiently and stably in alkaline seawater.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 3.6
Chuanbin Wang,Yongxin Cheng,Sumeng Hu,Kejia Kang,Yuzhe Han,Xudan Zhang,Xiangping Dai,Guoqiang Luo
Tungsten (W)-based composites with 1 wt% SiC were consolidated via field assisted sintering (FAST). FAST was conducted at temperatures ranging from 1000 °C to 1700 °C with holding times of 1–10 min under a pressure of 50 MPa. The densification and grain growth mechanisms were investigated using a creep deformation model and the grain growth power law. Various densification and grain growth mechanisms corresponded to different effective stress exponents ( n ) and grain growth exponents ( p ). n is the stress exponent associated with the densification mechanism, and p is the grain growth exponent related to the grain growth mechanism. The densification process mainly occurred at 1000 °C–1400 °C, whereas grain growth mainly occurred at 1500 °C–1700 °C. The W-Si-C composites were densified primarily through particle rearrangement (when n is ∼1), intergranular diffusion (when n is ∼2), and the dislocation-climb mechanism (when n is 3.62). The activation energies were estimated to be 153.80 and 541.17 kJ/mol at the effective stress exponents ( n ) of 1 and 2, respectively. Furthermore, intergranular diffusion is speculated to cause grain growth. The sintering temperature considerably affected the microstructure of W-Si-C composites. The silicide formed at sintering temperatures of <1100 °C was WSi 2 , and it transformed into W 5 Si 3 with increasing sintering temperature.
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高影响因子
Advanced Materials Technologies
·
2022
·Vol. 8
·期 5
·2201682
·
IF 8.856
Yulu Cai,Biao Yang,Junpeng Ji,Fuchang Sun,Yiqian Zhao,Lirong Yu,Changbin Zhao,Manyu Liu,Mingqiang Liu,Yaowu He,Chaohong Zhang,Hong Meng
With the development of modern technology, the functions of smart windows are expected to be more abundant apart from reducing energy consumption. A viable and popular solution is to develop a versatile product. Here a multi-functional tandem device enabled by ionic gels to form a smart glass that can be applied in manifold scenarios, is reported. The ionic gels successfully fulfill the multiple tasks of simultaneously being electrolytes, ion storage medium, as well as transparent electrodes, and help heighten the overall transparency of the devices. The novel tandem configuration simply consists of five stacking functional layers and is universal for DC-driven electrochromic and AC-driven electroluminescent sub-devices. The newly-developed devices demonstrate magnificent characteristics of high and tunable transparency (0–77%), selective infrared shielding ability, diversified displaying and decoration, excellent stability (3000 cycles), and even flexibility. Multifarious application scenarios of the structure in diversified device forms are proposed and presented. The proposed device architecture provides a facile methodology to fabricate functional devices and will provoke infinite novel ideas for developing the next-generation smart windows.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Zhihuan Wei,Xiao Ma,Haonan Zhao,Xiaozhong Wu,Qinglei Guo
Biodegradable conductive composites are key materials or components for printable transient electronics that can be fabricated in a low-cost and high-efficiency manner, thereby boosting their wide applications in biomedical engineering, hardware security, and environmental-friendly electronics. Continuous efforts in this area still lie in the development of strategies for highly conductive, safe, and reliable biodegradable conductive composite materials and devices. This paper introduces molybdenum/wax composites for multimodally printable transient electronics in which multiple transience modes including dissolution-induced degradation and thermally triggered degradation are available. Systematic experiments demonstrate several advantages and unique properties of this material system, including solvent-free fabrication, self-sintering behavior, and long-term and high conductivity via accelerable self-sintering treatment and rehealing capabilities. Notably, the immersion of molybdenum/wax composites in phosphate buffer solution can provide both positive effects (accelerated self-sintering-dominated) and negative effects (degradation-dominated) on their electrical conductivities. Mechanism analyses reveal the basis for balancing the degradation and accelerated self-sintering processes. The presented demonstrations foreshadow opportunities of the developed molybdenum/wax composites in rehealable electronics, on-demand smart transient electronics with multiple transience modes, and many other related unusual applications.
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高影响因子
Solar RRL
·
2022
·Vol. 6
·期 8
·2200150
·
IF 9.173
Chengfeng Ma,Chunxu Xiang,Xinge Liu,Bingyan Li,Xinyu Li,Shuaiqi Han,Qi Dai,Weibo Yan,Hao Xin
Solution-processed chalcopyrite copper indium gallium sulfoselenide (Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 , CIGSSe) thin-film solar cells have achieved efficiency beyond 18% and have great potential as an alternative to vacuum-based ones. However, most of the efficient solution-based CIGSSe solar cells are fabricated by spin-coating in an inert atmosphere, which limits the transfer from lab protocol to industrial large-scale production. Herein, a scalable doctor-blading technique is applied to fabricate CuIn(S,Se) 2 (CISSe) absorbers from N,N-dimethylformamide molecular precursor solution in ambient air. With the optimization of the precursor concentration to reduce the residue solvent and change the thermal annealing process from one-step to two-step to separate solvent evaporation and complex decomposition to suppress fluidity, high-quality absorber films with densely packed large grains have been fabricated and a champion CISSe solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 12.54% has been achieved. Importantly, unlike the spin-coating technique which may cause composition change due to the different solubilities of the precursors, the doctor-bladed film has a composition very close to the precursor solution, which is very important for precise control of the absorber composition for industrial production.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 9.965
Linwei Jiang,Yichen Pan,Jiancheng Zhang,Xin Chen,Xinwen Ye,Zhendong Li,Caicai Li,Qingfeng Sun
Replacing the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with thermodynamically favorable urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is an appealing tactic in the energy-saving water splitting system. Herein, by a facile composite electrodeposition method, an electrocatalyst with Mo particles anchored on the Ni-P matrix (Mo/Ni-P) was fabricated and utilized for urea-assisted water electrolysis of hydrogen production. As expected, the urea-involved electrolytic cell with the as-obtained Mo/Ni-P served as both the anode and cathode merely needs a voltage of 1.55 V to sustain a current density of 50 mA cm −2 (0.16 V less than that of the conventional water splitting at 50 mA cm −2 ) and can maintain the stability for 12 h. Additionally, the solar-driven urea-assisted water electrolysis system was constructed under lab conditions and solar-hydrogen-electricity energy conversion processes were also simulated. Moreover, it was demonstrated that tungsten (W) particles can also serve as an accelerant for promotion both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and UOR activity of pristine Ni-P. This work will present a facile method for rational integration of metal particles with Ni-P layer for highly efficient electrocatalysts applied in economic production of H 2 .
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高影响因子
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