Mono-dimensional fiber-based electronics can effectively address the growing demand for improved wearable electronic devices because of their exceptional flexibility and stretchability. For practical applications, functional fiber electronic devices need to be integrated into more powerful and versatile systems to execute complex tasks that cannot be completed by single-fiber devices. Existing techniques, such as printing and sintering, reduce the flexibility and cause low connection strength of fiber-based electronic devices because of the high curvature of the fiber. Here, we outline a twisting fabrication process for fiber electrodes, which can be woven into functional threads and integrated within textiles. The design of the twisted thread structure for fiber devices ensures stable interfacing and good flexibility, while the textile structure features easily accessible, interlaced points for efficient circuit connections. Electronic textiles can be customized to act as displays, health monitors and power sources. We detail three main fabrication sections, including the fabrication of the fiber electrodes, their twisting into electronic threads and their assembly into functional textile-based devices. The procedures require ~10 d and are easily reproducible by researchers with expertise in fabricating energy and electronic devices.
Yao Wang,Yamin Li,Bing Xu,Jiaying Ren,Kangkang Wang,Liang Zhang,Zhixian He,Wen Zhang,Shengnan Zhang
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) ceramic coating, characterized by high thermal conductivity and remarkable chemical stability, leading to extensive application in providing electrical insulation within superconducting coils. However, the development of such ceramic insulation coatings to facilitate the preparation of high-performance superconducting magnets is extremely challenging, due to the complex heat treatment process of bismuth system high temperature superconductivity (HTS) wires. A novel strategy for fabricating a porous TiO 2 insulation layer with a three-dimensional (3D) reticular architecture based on highly dispersed ceramic slurry has been reported herein. To enhance the structural strength and oxygen permeability of the coating, polyethylene glycol and oligomeric ethyl silicate were introduced as modifiers to construct a grid-like porous framework. The as-prepared insulation coating possesses micron-sized pore and crack structures. The high-temperature stability of the insulation layer and its compatibility with the heat treatment of Ag-sheathed Bi-2223 wire was verified by measuring the effect of coating on the critical current. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) show that this insulation coating with a thickness of approximately 25 μm can significantly inhibit the diffusion of metal sheath components and Bi. In addition, the TiO 2 insulation coating has also been successfully prepared on Bi-2223 tape by a reel-to-reel coating system. The results indicates that the TiO 2 insulation coating has great application potential as an insulation material for HTS magnets and provides new insights for the development of effective insulation material for Bi-2212 wires.
We present a novel electrokinetic stacking (ES) method based on field amplification on a simple paper device for sample preconcentration. With voltage application, charged probe ions in a solution of lower conductivity stack and form a narrow band at the boundary between the sample and the background electrolyte of higher conductivity. The stacking band appears quickly and stabilizes in a few minutes. With this ES method, three orders of magnitude signal improvement was successfully achieved for both a fluorescein probe and a double-stranded DNA within 300 s. This enhanced stacking efficiency is attributed to a focusing effect due to the balance between electromigration and counter electroosmotic flow. We also applied this ES method to other low-cost fiber substrates such as cloth and thread. Such a simple and highly efficient ES method will find wide applications in the development of sensitive paper-based analytical devices (PADs), especially for low-cost point-of-care testing (POCT).
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）