MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 4.821
Wei Wei,Qiang Han,Sheng Tian,Yanping Wang,Huiying Zhang,Haibo Wang,Qionglin Liang
The separation of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is of great significance in determining the efficacy of TCM as well as the pharmacological study of active ingredients, improving the scope of application of TCM and the efficiency of disease prevention and treatment. In the current study, we have successfully synthesized a core–shell structure magnetic microsphere Fe 3 O 4 -COF for the separation of α-asarone and β-asarone in the combined decoction of Acorous Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR) and Polygalae Radix (PR). The successful synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 -COF was demonstrated chemically and morphologically by using five characterizations such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Extraction conditions were investigated and optimized, including adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, sample pH value, elution solvent, elution time and volume of elution solution. Under the optimal experimental conditions, we got a low limit of detection (LOD) of α-asarone and β-asarone were 0.0379 μg/mL and 0.0432 μg/mL, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 2.3%. And the number and intensity of impurity peaks in the chromatogram after extraction of complex samples were significantly reduced and the good recoveries were still maintained after multiple extractions of complex samples, which showed satisfied specific adsorption and excellent resistance to matrix interference. The successful establishment of this method will provide a new direction for the separation and analysis of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.
研究领域:
药学化学
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分析化学
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中药学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2014
·Vol. 19
·期 4
·4857-4879
·
IF 2.095
Chen Li,Feng Xu,De-Mei Xie,Yu Jing,Ming-Ying Shang,Guang-Xue Liu,Xuan Wang,Shao-Qing Cai
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nasal therapy has been utilized to treat numerous diseases for over two millennia. It has many advantages compared with other routes. In this article, headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ion trap-time of flight-multistage mass spectrometry were applied for the first time to analyze the absorbed constituents in rabbit plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after intranasal administration of Asari Radix et Rhizoma (AR). In total, 47 absorbed AR constituents including 14 monoterpenes, 10 phenylpropanoids, four benzene derivatives, two alkanes, nineN-alkylamides and eight lignans were tentatively identified in the rabbit plasma and CSF. Thirty-three absorbed constituents are found to have different bioactivities related to the pharmacological actions of AR through bibliography data retrieval. These indicated that many types of constituents of TCM can be absorbed at the nasal cavity into both rabbit blood and CSF. This is the first study to explore the absorption of AR, and comprehensively analyze the absorbed constituents after intranasal administration of TCM. These findings extend our understanding of the effective substances of AR, and inspire us to make a hypothesis on the mechanism of additive effect of multiple constituents of TCMs, which is very worthy of further investigation.Keywords:nasal therapy;Asarum heterotropoidesvar.mandshuricum;intranasal administration;effective substance;cerebrospinal fluid;absorption;SPME;GC-MS;LC-MS;additive effect
研究领域:
中药学
·
分析化学
·
药理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
·
2025
·Vol. 40
·期 2
·1-16
·
IF 3.5
Yan Xiao-dan,Fan Rong-hua,Wang Yu,Duan Xiao-xu,Wei Xuan,Li Lin-sen,Yu Qing
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a common complication of diabetes that may result in cognitive impairment. Currently, there is limited effective therapy for DE. Herein, we explored the beneficial effect of α-Asarone on DE and its potential mechanisms. DE was induced in Type 2 diabetes mellitus mice and high-glucose (HG)-exposed PC-12 cells. Cognitive function was evaluated by MWM test. Pathological changes in the brain tissues were observed by HE staining. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8. Apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst 33,342 staining, Annexin V/PI staining and TUNEL. Mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by JC-1 probe. ROS production was measured by DCFH-DA staining. Target protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting. Network pharmacology was used to elucidate the beneficial mechanisms of α‐Asarone in DE. Our study showed that α‐Asarone enhanced cell viability and suppressed apoptosis in HG-stimulated PC-12 cells. Furthermore, α‐Asarone relieved HG-induced reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS overproduction. In addition, mitophagy was triggered by α‐Asarone, which was responsible for the inhibitory effect of α‐Asarone on apoptosis and oxidative stress. Consistently, the in vivo experiments showed that α‐Asarone treatment relieved cognitive dysfunction, apoptosis, and oxidative stress of DE mice via mitophagy induction. However, inhibition of mitophagy by Mdivi-1 counteracted the beneficial action of α‐Asarone. Mechanistically, network pharmacology analysis identified 10 key targets of α‐Asarone. Molecular docking substantiated a strong affinity of α‐Asarone with CASP3, EGFR, NFKB1, and ESR1 proteins. Taken together, α‐Asarone protected against mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis via activating mitophagy, thereby alleviating DE. Our findings suggest α‐Asarone as a potential drug for DE. Graphical
研究领域:
神经生物学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Yushu Sui,Liben Pan,Nan Yang,Xiaorui Guo,Zhonghua Tang
In the present study, developed a dependable HPLC technique to quantify asarinin and sesamin in Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag. The optimal conditions for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction were determined by conducting single-factor experiment, Plackett-Burman design experiment, and Box-Behnken response surface method . Based on actual operation factors and analysis, the optimal extraction parameters were methanol volume fraction of 80% (v/v), liquid-to-material ratio of 10:1 (mL/g), ultrasonic time of 40 min, ultrasonic temperature of 51°C, and ultrasonic power of 300 W. When subjected to these conditions, the average asarinin and sesamin content were found to be 13.40 mg/g and 2.39 mg/g, respectively, with a relative error of 1.04% and 3.46%, which was consistent with the theoretical value. This study can offer a theoretical reference for the extraction of asarinin and sesamin in Asarum .
研究领域:
药学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Yao Xiao,Ru Zhao,Zaizhi Liu,Lin Zhang,Huiyan Gu,Fengjian Yang,Lei Yang,Tingting Liu
An improved method was investigated to obtain the essential oil from the roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides (RRAH) via homogenate-microwave-assisted hydrodistillation compare to conventional grinding process and the RRAH essential oil, methyleugenol, 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene, and 3,5-dimethoxytoluene all had inhibitory effects on Fusarium species, with methyleugenol exhibiting the greatest inhibitory effect on them. We systematically explored some of the parameters that may affect the yield of essential oils. The maximum yield of the RRAH essential oil was 27.98 ± 1.4 mL/kg under the optimized conditions (22000 r/min homogenization speed, 3 min homogenization time, 460 W microwave irradiation power, 23 min microwave irradiation time and 23 mL/g liquid solid ratio). Methyleugenol was the main component of RRAH essential oil (41.13%) analysed by GC MS. Studies on antifungal activity suggest that methyleugenol has potential and broad application prospects in the direction of preservative-related fields such as slow-release microencapsulation in the future.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药用植物学
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真菌学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
·
2018
·Vol. 127
·期 3
·775
·
IF 3.463
Gui Yulong,Li Aiyuan,Zhang Jie,Li Guan,Ruan Xia,Guo Qulian,Zou Wangyuan
BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain is an intractable and complex disease. Recent studies have shown a close relationship between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and neuropathic pain. Here, we investigated the effect of α-asarone, an ER stress inhibitor, on chronic constriction injury (CCI)–induced neuropathic pain. METHODS: Two parts were included in this study. In part 1, rats were assigned to 7 groups: the sham group, the sham + α-asarone 20 mg/kg group, the CCI group, the CCI + vehicle group, the CCI + α-asarone 5 mg/kg group, the CCI + α-asarone 10 mg/kg group, and the CCI + α-asarone 20 mg/kg group. After surgery, the rats were treated with α-asarone or normal saline daily. Pain thresholds were measured, and samples of the L3–6 spinal cord were taken for western blotting and immunofluorescence on day 7. In part 2, rats were intrathecally implanted with PE-10 tubes and divided into 4 groups: the CCI + α-asarone 20 mg/kg group, the CCI + α-asarone 20 mg/kg + vehicle group, the CCI + α-asarone 20 mg/kg + SR9243 group, and the CCI group. Five rats in each group were separated for behavioral tests 1 hour after intrathecal injection. The rest of them were killed for western blotting on day 7. RESULTS: In this study, CCI surgery significantly induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. CCI surgery significantly induced activation of ER stress (PERK-eIF2α, IRE1α, CHOP, and XBP-1s) in rats. However, treatment with 20 mg/kg of α-asarone significantly alleviated CCI-induced activation of ER stress. Behavioral results showed that daily treatment with 20 mg/kg of α-asarone significantly alleviated CCI-induced nociceptive behaviors, on day 7 (mechanical allodynia, P = .016, 95% confidence interval, 0.645–5.811; thermal hyperalgesia, P = .012, 95% confidence interval, 0.860–6.507). Furthermore, α-asarone induced upregulated expression of liver X receptor β (LXRβ) and downstream proteins in the spinal cord. The LXR antagonist SR9243 completely inhibited the anti-ER stress and antinociceptive effects of α-asarone in rats. CONCLUSIONS: α-Asarone relieved CCI-induced neuropathic pain in an LXR-dependent manner. α-Asarone may be a potential agent for treatment of neuropathic pain.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
·
疼痛管理
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
·
2013
·
IF 2.947
Chen Li,Feng Xu,Chen Cao,Ming-Ying Shang,Cui-Ying Zhang,Jie Yu,Guang-Xue Liu,Xuan Wang,Shao-Qing Cai
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) can be identified by experts according to their odors. However, the identification of these medicines is subjective and requires long-term experience. In this paper, electronic nose, headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and chemometrics methods were applied to differentiate two species of Asari Radix et Rhizoma by their odors. The samples used were the dried roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum (AH) and Asarum sieboldii (AS). The electronic nose was used to determine the odors of the samples and enabled rapid differentiation of AH and AS when coupled with principal component analysis. Headspace GC–MS was utilized to reveal the differences between the volatile constituents of AH and AS. In all, 54 volatile constituents were identified, and 9 major constituents (eucalyptol, eucarvone, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene, methyleugenol, 2,3,5-trimethoxytoluene, croweacin, pentadecane and asaricin) could be used as chemical markers to distinguish these two species. AH contained higher relative contents of eucarvone (1.79–16.76%), 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (6.64–26.52%), 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene/methyleugenol (6.43–31.67%) and 2,3,5-trimethoxytoluene (1.64–6.66%), whereas AS had higher relative contents of eucalyptol (14.06–24.95%), croweacin (5.64–13.55%), pentadecane (8.44–20.82%) and asaricin (7.03–13.45%). Moreover, AH and AS could be distinguished according to the contents of either all 54 identified volatile constituents or only the 9 major constituents by employing cluster analysis. The proposed method is rapid, simple, eco-friendly and can successfully differentiate these two species of Asari Radix et Rhizoma by their odors.
研究领域:
中药鉴定
·
分析化学
·
天然药物化学
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代谢组学
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药用植物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Che Chen,Qianfeng Shao,Sheng Zhou
Objective Explore the potential mechanism of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction (MFXD) in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using network pharmacology, molecular docking approaches, and test its efficacy by in vitro experiments. Methods Active components of MFXD were screened from TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, and TCMID, with corresponding targets obtained from SwissTargetPrediction and TCMSP. AD-related differential genes were retrieved from GEO. Intersection targets were identified via Venn diagrams, followed by GO/KEGG enrichment analyses, PPI network construction, and molecular docking. In vitro validation experiments were carried out using PC12 cells induced by Aβ 25–35 to simulate the pathological state of AD. For the detection of cell viability, the CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate the protective effect of MFXD and its active components on damaged PC12 cells. Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein expression levels of key molecules involved in AD-related signaling pathways, including phosphorylated p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65, p-GSK-3β, GSK-3β, MMP-9, p-Tau, and Tau. Additionally, the ELISA was utilized to measure the secretion level of TNF-α in the supernatant of Aβ 25–35 -induced PC12 cells, so as to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of MFXD. Results Thirty-seven active components and 230 targets of MFXD were identified, along with 4913 AD-related differentially expressed genes from GEO dataset GSE122063 , yielding 47 intersection targets. GO annotation enriched these targets in processes like reactive oxygen species metabolism, components like extracellular matrix, and functions like neurotransmitter binding; several pathways were enriched in the KEGG analysis, such as TNF signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. The intersection target PPI network identified MMP9, EGFR, FOS as core targets. Molecular docking results indicated that quercetin binds to the three core targets (MMP9, EGFR, FOS), while luteolin binds preferentially to EGFR and MMP9. In vitro , Aβ 25–35 -induced PC12 cells treated with quercetin/luteolin had concentration-dependent viability increases (all P < 0.001); 15% MFXD-containing serum restored viability to ≥ 95% (P < 0.001 vs. AD model, comparable to DHCL). Western blot showed AD model had elevated p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, MMP9/β-actin, p-Tau/Tau and reduced p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β (all P < 0.05); MFXD reversed these (all P < 0.05), while DHCL only inhibited p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65. ELISA showed MFXD and DHCL both reduced AD model’s TNF-α (all P < 0.001). Conclusion MFXD potentially exerts anti-AD effects through a multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway approach. Its key active components (quercetin, luteolin) may act by modulating the core target MMP9. Also, MFXD can simultaneously regulate several pathways, such as the TNF signaling pathway, Calcium signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway, and target Tau protein-related pathology by restoring the phosphorylation level of GSK-3β to suppress abnormal hyperphosphorylation of Tau, and thereby alleviating pathological damage in AD.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2020
·Vol. 25
·期 19
·4441
·
IF 3.267
Guang-Xue Liu,Feng Xu,Ming-Ying Shang,Xuan Wang,Shao-Qing Cai
Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR) is an important traditional Chinese medicine. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main active constituents of ARR. Research on the metabolite profile of VOCs and the difference of absorbed constituents in vivo after an administration of ARR decoction and powder will be helpful to understand the pharmacological activity and safety of ARR. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS–SPME–GC–MS) was applied to profile the VOCs from ARR in rats in vivo. A total of 153 VOCs were tentatively identified; 101 were original constituents of ARR (98 in the powder-treated group and 43 in the decoction-treated group) and 15 were metabolites, and their metabolic reactions were mainly oxidation and reduction, with only two cases of methylation and esterification, and 37 unclassified compounds were identified only in the ARR-treated group. Of the 153 VOCs identified, 131 were reported in rats after oral administration of ARR for the first time, containing 79 original constituents, 15 metabolites, and 37 unclassified compounds. In the powder-treated group, methyleugenol, safrole, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (3,5-DMT), 2,3,5-trimethoxytoluene (2,3,5-TMT), and 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene (3,4,5-TMT) were the main absorbed constituents, the relative contents of which were significantly higher compared to the decoction-treated group, especially methyleugenol, safrole, and 3,5-DMT. In the decoction-treated group, 3,4,5-TMT, 2,3,5-TMT, kakuol, and eugenol were the main constituents with a higher content and wider distribution. The results of this study provide a reference for evaluating the efficacy and safety of ARR.Keywords:Asari Radix et Rhizoma;volatile compounds;distribution;HS–SPME–GC–MS;metabolite profile
研究领域:
药理学
·
中药学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 99
·期 1
·2
·
IF 4.1
Zhao Zhijiao,Zhu Xiaofeng,Wang Yuanyuan,Liu Xiaoyu,Yang Ning,Fan Haiyan,Chen Lijie,Sikanda Aatika,Duan Yuxi
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs, especially Meloidogyne incognita ) are a growing threat to greenhouse tomatoes in China. However, control methods in the greenhouses in China are limited. The use of chemical pesticides such as fluopyram and thiazole phosphate to control M. incognit a is expensive and harmful to the environment. The Chinese herb Asarum sieboldii is commonly used, and it shows potential as a plant-derived pesticide. We evaluated the effectiveness of A. sieboldii in regulating the soil nematode community and M. incognita in tomato greenhouses. Combining morphological identification with high-throughput sequencing techniques, we demonstrated that A. sieboldii root extract significantly reduced the relative abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) while promoting the ecological and functional recovery of bacterivorous (BF) and fungivorous (FF) nematodes. The aqueous extract exhibited high toxicity against M. incognita J2s and reduced the number of root galls by 69.5% per gram of root, decreased the number of egg masses by 58.4%, and enhanced shoot fresh weight by 53.6%. Through column chromatography and HPLC–MS analysis, mono-ethyl fumarate (MEF) and methyl gallate (MG) were identified as key active compounds, demonstrating LC50 values of 10.20 mg/L and 49.47 mg/L with root-knot suppression rates reaching 64.8% and 61.3% under greenhouse conditions. This study presents the first evidence that A. sieboldii aqueous extract effectively controls M. incognita without compromising the ecological balance of soil, providing a theoretical foundation for developing environmentally friendly botanical nematicides.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2023
·
IF 5.6
Liu Yang,Wang Fang,Guo HuiWen,Zhang Dingkun,Zhang Xiaofei,Wu Zhenfeng,Li Huiting,Xian Yang,Yue Pengfei,Yang Ming
Asarum essential oil (AEO) has been shown to have good pharmacological activities for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, but increasing the dose may cause toxicity. Therefore, we studied the toxic and pharmacodynamic components of AEO by molecular distillation (MD). Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using RAW264.7 cells. Neurotoxicity was assessed in PC12 cells and the overall toxicity of AEO was evaluated in the mouse acute toxicity assay. The results showed that AEO is primarily composed of safrole, methyl eugenol, and 3,5-dimethoxytoluene. After MD, three fractions were obtained and contained different proportions of volatile compounds relative to the original oil. The heavy fraction had high concentrations of safrole and methyl eugenol, while the light fraction contained high concentrations of α-pinene and β- pinene. The original oil and all three fractions exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, but the light fraction demonstrated more excellent anti-inflammatory activity than the other fractions. Asarum virgin oil and MD products are all neurotoxic. The exposure of PC12 cells to high concentrations of AEO resulted in abnormal nuclei, an increased number of apoptotic cells, increased ROS formation, and decreased SOD levels. Moreover, the results of acute toxicity tests in mice revealed that the light fractions were less toxic than virgin oils and other fractions. In summary, the data suggest that the MD technology enables the enrichment and separation of essential oil components and contributes to the selection of safe concentrations of AEO.
研究领域:
药理学
·
毒理学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Wenxu Hu,Yang Yu,Zhehui Weng,Yao Huang,Yanni Li,Dandan Ge
In this study, a new vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique based on supramolecular solvent (SUPRAS) was proposed for the simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of aristolochic acids (AAs) in Aristolochia debilis followed by HPLC-DAD. A new type of SUPRAS, based on hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and primary amine, with a higher density than water was prepared for the first time. HFIP acted as the coacervation agent and density modifier for the preparation of SUPRAS, and only a small amount of HFIP was required to form the SUPRAS. The influencing parameters such as the type and content of primary amine, the content of HFIP, vortex time, solution pH and ionic strength were thoroughly investigated and optimized. The prepared SUPRAS can effectively exclude macromolecules such as starch and be used to extract AAs from herbal medicines with high extraction efficiency. Under the optimized conditions, the method provided satisfactory linearity (1 ∼ 1000 ng mL −1 for AAb and 10 ∼ 1000 ng mL −1 for AAa with determination coefficients higher than 0.9981), low limits of detection (0.3 ∼ 3.1 ng mL −1 ) and limits of quantification (1.0 ∼ 9.5 ng mL −1 ). In addition, the intra-day and inter-day precision with relative standard deviations (RSDs%) below 6.8 % were obtained. Finally, the proposed method was applied to determine the AAs in Aristolochia debilis , the extraction recoveries were between 92.8 %∼100.6 % with RSDs% between 0.5 % and 7.2 %. Therefore, the developed method was an easy, efficient and reliable method for determining AAs in Aristolochia herbal materials.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
药理学
·
中药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）