MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 8
·1699
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IF 4.2
Yue Liu,Long Cao,Linshan Wang,Yanjiao Qi,Yamin Zhao,Huining Lu,Lina Lu,Derong Zhang,Zifan Wang,Hong Zhang
The massive amount of water-soluble urea used leads to nutrient loss and environmental pollution in both water and soil. The aim of this study was to develop a novel lignin-based slow-release envelope material that has essential nitrogen and sulfur elements for plants. After the amination reaction with a hydrolysate of yak hair keratin, the coating formulation was obtained by adding different loadings (2, 5, 8, 14 wt%) of aminated lignin (AL) to 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. These formulations were cast into films and characterized for their structure, thermal stability, and mechanical and physicochemical properties. The results showed that the PVA-AL (8%) formulation had good physical and chemical properties in terms of water absorption and mechanical properties, and it showed good degradation in soil with 51% weight loss after 45 days. It is suitable for use as a coating material for fertilizers. Through high-pressure spraying technology, enveloped urea particles with a PVA-AL (8%) solution were obtained, which showed good morphology and slow-release performance. Compared with urea, the highest urea release was only 96.4% after 30 days, conforming to Higuchi model, Ritger–Peppas model, and second-order dynamic model. The continuous nitrogen supply of PVA-AL coated urea toBrassica napuswas verified by potting experiments. Therefore, the lignin-based composite can be used as a coating material to produce a new slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for sustainable crop production.
研究领域:
农业科学
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材料科学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Chonghao Zhu,Shengming Zhang,Cheng Yi,Ziyang Heng,Zijian Wang,Chenghai Liu,Xianzhe Zheng
To develop sustainable agriculture and improve the fertilizer utilization value of straw resources, a biomass-based material aminated rice straw/oxidized sodium alginate/iron(III) (ARS/OSA/Fe 3+ ) with a slow-release function was developed. The preparation conditions were determined as follows: 1.67 g of ARS, 3.33 g of OSA, and 50 mL of distilled water were mixed and stirred at room temperature for 12 h to obtain the ARS/OSA colloid; the colloid was added to 100 mL of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 solution at the concentration of 6% and stirred at room temperature for 1 h to obtain the ARS/OSA/Fe 3+ . ARS/OSA/Fe 3+ was the small circular flakes with 2–2.5 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness, in which the content of iron was 9.9% by weight. It showed good slow-release performance in soil. The iron(III) release rates of 1-day and 30-days were 2.18% and 64.02%, respectively. Kinetic analysis showed that the release mechanism of ARS/OSA/Fe 3+ in soil may be dissolution followed by swelling diffusion and finally dissolution diffusion. The combination of FT-IR, XRD , XPS , DSC , and SEM analysis showed as follows: the amination process occurred on lignin in the rice straw lignocellulose ; ARS and OSA were crosslinked to form a polymer with a crosslinked network structure; the ferric elements mainly existed in trivalent form; and the ARS/OSA/Fe 3+ was synthesized through the coordination modes of carboxylate anion to iron(III) cations. ARS/OSA/Fe 3+ has the potential to be developed as base fertilizers and soil amendments in agricultural production.
研究领域:
农业科学
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材料科学
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 101
·99361-99366
·
IF 3.289
Lan Lei,Lin Feng,Binglei Song,Zhaolan Zhai,Shibin Shang,Zhanqian Song
Modification of the molecular structures of surfactants is a feasible way to construct ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) with novel properties. Five quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants with different spacers, whose head groups were substituted by four hydroxyethyl groups, abbreviated as 12(2OH)-s-12-(2OH) (s = 3, 4, 5, 6, 8), were prepared. The mesomorphic behaviors of these gemini surfactants were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and temperature-dependent FT-IR spectroscopy. These surfactants form smectic A (SmA) phases, the region of which is dependent on the spacer length. The presence of suitable spacer length and multiple hydroxyl groups is helpful in stabilizing the mesophases. Noticeably, because of synergistic effect of the spacer and the hydroxyl groups, the phase enthalpy change of SmA to crystal transitions can be slowly released below the phase transition temperature. This interesting discovery, which has never been reported in ILC systems formed by small molecular weight surfactants, could pave the way for special applications of ILCs in the area of sustained-release materials of heat and could widen the application of ionic liquid crystals.
研究领域:
材料科学
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物理化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Toxics
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 10
·829
·
IF 4.6
Xueqiang Zhu,Hanghang Ji,Gang Hua,Lai Zhou
Sustained-release materials are increasingly being used in the delivery of oxidants for in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for groundwater remediation. Successful implementation of sustained-release materials depends on a clear understanding of the mechanism and kinetics of sustained release. In this research, a columnar sustained-release material (PS@PW) was prepared with paraffin wax and sodium persulfate (PS), and column experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of the PS@PW diameter and PS/PW mass ratio on PS release. The results demonstrated that a reduction in diameter led to an increase in both the rate and proportion of PS release, as well as a diminished lifespan of release. The release process followed the second-order kinetics, and the release rate constant was positively correlated with the PS@PW diameter. A matrix boundary diffusion model was utilized to determine the PS@PW diffusion coefficient of the PS release process, and the release lifespan of a material with a length of 500 mm and a diameter of 80 mm was predicted to be more than 280 days. In general, this research provided a better understanding of the release characteristics and kinetics of persulfate from a sustained-release system and could lead to the development of columnar PS@PW as a practical oxidant for in situ chemical oxidation of contaminated aquifers.Keywords:persulfate;sustained release;model fitting;soil and groundwater remediation;in situ chemical oxidation
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7
Bing Wang,Yuzhu Zhang,Chunyang Gao,Xianyuan Du,Tongxu Qu
Organic-contaminated groundwater poses a growing threat to environmental sustainability and human health. As a passive plume control technology, permeable reactive barriers (PRBs)have become a popular method for groundwater pollutants degradation due to their cost-effective and sustainable merits. However, active materials adopted in conventional PRBs have the shortcomings of easy deactivation and speedy consumption. As an alternative, slow-release materials can be used as PRBs fillers to treat contaminated groundwater because of their long chemical release time. In this study, novel slow-release persulfate pellets were prepared and tested for their release capabilities and effectiveness in the remediation of groundwater organic pollution. Results show that each pellet's release efficiency and average release rate within 14 days were 87.36 % and 46.80 mg-persulfate/d, respectively, when the mass ratio of sodium persulfate to paraffin was 3/1. Dissolution and diffusion via pores are the main mechanisms of the persulfate delivery from slow-release pellets in water. Moreover, solution pH, ionic species and addition of quartz sand into release pellets play dissimilar effects on the release kinetics. Results from column experiments indicate that the pellets could expand the PS influence range in the barrier and continuously remediate BTEXs-contaminated groundwater (initial concentration of each compound = 50 mg/L) and reach 64.2–85.1 % removal efficiency. The results of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy show that both SO 4 − and OH contribute to the removal of BTEXs. This study demonstrates the potential feasibility of slow-release persulfate materials for groundwater pollution treatments by PRBs, which inspires for future field applications.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
·
水资源管理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）