Toxics
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·255
·
IF 4.472
Jun Yang,Anqi Liao,Shulin Hu,Yiwen Zheng,Shuli Liang,Shuangyan Han,Ying Lin
Bisphenol A (BPA) and heavy metals are widespread contaminants in the environment. However, the combined toxicities of these contaminants are still unknown. In this study, the bioluminescent bacteriaVibrio qinghaiensisQ67 was used to detect the single and combined toxicities of BPA and heavy metals, then the joint effects of these contaminants were evaluated. The results show that chronic toxicities of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), and BPA were time–dependent; in fact, the acute toxicities of these contaminants were stronger than the chronic toxicities. Furthermore, the combined toxicities of BPA and heavy metals displayed BPA + Hg > BPA + Cr > BPA + As > BPA + Ni > BPA + Pb > BPA + Cd in the acute test and BPA + Hg > BPA + Cd > BPA + As > BPA + Cd in the chronic test, which suggested that the combined toxicity of BPA and Hg was stronger than that of other mixtures in acute as well as chronic tests. Additionally, both CA and IA models underestimated the toxicities of mixtures at low concentrations but overestimated them at high concentrations, which indicates that CA and IA models were not suitable to predict the toxicities of mixtures of BPA and heavy metals. Moreover, the joint effects of BPA and heavy metals mainly showed antagonism and additive in the context of acute exposure but synergism and additive in the context of chronic exposure. Indeed, the difference in the joint effects on acute and chronic exposure can be explained by the possibility that mixtures inhibited cell growth and luminescence in chronic cultivation. The chronic toxicity of the mixture should be considered if the mixture results in the inhibition of the growth of cells.Keywords:mixture toxicity;bisphenol A;heavy metal;joint effect;Vibrio qinghaiensisQ67
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2014
·
IF 3.499
Dali Wang,Zhifen Lin,Zhifeng Yao,Hongxia Yu
The potential toxicities of nanoparticles (NPs) have been intensively discussed over the past decade. In addition to their single toxicities, NPs can interact with other environmental chemicals and thereby exert joint effects on biological systems and the environment. The present study investigated the combined toxicities of NPs and surfactants, which are among the chemicals that most likely coexist with NPs. Photobacterium phosphoreum was employed as the model organism. The results indicate that surfactants with different ion types can alter the properties of NPs (i.e., particle size and surface charge) in different ways and present complex joint effects on NP toxicities. Mixtures of different NPs and surfactants exhibited antagonistic, synergistic, and additive effects. In particular, the toxicity of ZnO was observed to result from its dissolved Zn 2+ ; thus, the joint effects of the ZnO NPs and surfactants can be explained by the interactions between the Zn ions and the surfactants. Our study suggests that the potential hazards caused by mixtures of NPs and surfactants are different from those caused by single NPs. Because surfactants are extensively used in the field of nanotechnology and are likely to coexist with NPs in natural waters, the ecological risk assessments of NPs should consider the impacts of surfactants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Wantang Huang,Hua Yin,Yuanyu Yang,Lizhu Jin,Guining Lu,Zhi Dang
Microplastics (MPs) pollution becomes an emergent threat to the ecosystem, and its joint effect with organic contaminants will cause more severe consequences. Recently, MPs has been observed in human feces, suggesting that we are exposed to an uncertain danger. In this study, the joint effect of polyethylene microplastics particles (PEMPs) and Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on human gut was explored through the simulation experiment in vitro with human cell Caco-2 and gut microbiota. The toxicity of TBBPA and PEMPs on Caco-2 human cells was considered by physiological and biochemical indexes such as cell proliferation, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species, lactate dehydrogenase release, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Besides, microbial community diversity, community structure, and function changes of gut microbiota were investigated using Illumina 16S rRNA gene MiSeq sequencing to reveal the influence of TBBPA and PEMPs on human gut microbiota. The results indicated that both PEMPs and TBBPA would deteriorate the status of Caco-2 cells, and TBBPA played a major role in it; meanwhile, PEMPs affected Caco-2 cells at high concentrations. Particularly, TBBPA and PEMPs exhibited a joint effect on Caco-2 cells to a certain degree. TBBPA selectivity inhibited the growth of gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococcus and Lactobacillus , contributing to the thriving of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia and Bacteroides . The existence of PEMPs would enhance the proportion of Clostridium , Bacteroides , and Escherichia . Community composition changed dramatically with the interference of PEMPs and TBBPA; this was undesirable to the healthy homeostasis of the human gut. PICRUSt analysis determined both PEMPs and TBBPA interfered with the metabolism pathways of gut microbiota. Hence, the threat of MPs and TBBPA to humans should arouse vigilance.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2016
·
IF 3.698
Xi Long,Dali Wang,Zhifen Lin,Mengnan Qin,Chunlei Song,Ying Liu
Organisms in the environment are exposed to mixtures of multiple contaminants, leading to serious environmental harm. These mixtures pose an ecological risk and have attracted an increasing amount of attention; however there has been little in-depth research the toxicity of mixtures, such as antibiotics. To determine how different mixtures of antibiotics affect organisms, the individual and mixture toxicity of sulfonamides and several antibiotics were determined using Escherichia coli as a target organism in our study. The results show that additive effects occur between sulfonamides and quinolones or with a portion of β-lactams, synergistic effects appear between sulfonamides and their potentiators or cefotaxime sodium, and antagonistic effects arise between sulfonamides and tetracyclines or penicillin V potassium salt. In addition, the toxicity mechanism of binary mixtures is further discussed and the results reveal that the joint effect differences depend not only the target proteins of individual chemicals but also on their effective combined concentration based on the approach of Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs) and molecular docking. This study introduces the concept of the “effective concentration” to provide insight into understanding the mechanism of binary mixtures, which will be beneficial for evaluating the ecological risk of antibiotics.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2019
·
IF 4.527
Haiyan Yu,Haoyu Sun,Chunsheng Yin,Zhifen Lin
More and more antibacterial agents are used together to treat bacterial infections in diverse fields, but the overuse of antibacterial agents may cause the environmental pollution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In order to reduce the use of antimicrobial agents, the potential joint effects of quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSIs) and traditional antimicrobial agents have been proposed to be effective. In this study, the joint effects of traditional antimicrobial agents, represented by sulfonamides (SAs) and silver antibacterial agents (silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) and nanosilver (AgNP, 5 nm)), and five potential QSIs, were investigated using B. subtilis. It was found that AgNP showed higher toxicity than AgNO 3 , whereas the joint effects on B. subtilis showed no difference between AgNO 3 and AgNP when they combined with SAs or QSIs, respectively. In general, AgNO 3 and AgNP presented synergetic and additive effects with QSIs, but additive and antagonistic effects with SAs; SAs exhibited synergetic, additive and antagonistic effects with different QSIs whether in binary or ternary mixed system. Moreover, it was found that the use of antimicrobials was reduced and the synergistic combined toxicity of antimicrobial agents on B. subtilis was increased through the addition of the QSIs. This study can offer a valuable reference for the combined medication of the different antimicrobial agents, which will benefit the environmental and human health.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
环境科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
·
2014
·
IF 3.513
Dali Wang,Ya Gao,Zhifen Lin,Zhifeng Yao,Weixian Zhang
Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been used increasingly and are likely to accumulate in natural water bodies, where they encounter and interact with other environmental chemicals. These interactions result in joint effects on biological systems and the environment. However, compared with the intensive research examining the toxicities of individual NPs, the toxicities of NP mixtures remain relatively unexplored. In this work, we studied the joint effects of NPs and their most likely coexisting chemicals in the environment, including NPs with different compositions, humic substances, and surfactants. Our results indicate that the joint effects of NP mixtures were usually simple addition, which is commonly adopted in real risk assessment. However, the joint effects obtained for mixtures that contained ZnO were exclusively associated with antagonism. In addition, the mixtures of NPs and surfactants resulted in complex joint effects, i.e., antagonistic, additive, and synergistic effects were found for the mixtures with ZnO, NiO, and Fe-oxide, respectively. Our study suggests that the assessments of the ecological risk of NPs, particularly ZnO NPs, should consider the impact of their coexisting chemicals in the environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
·
2020
·Vol. 35
·期 10
·1091-1099
·
IF 3.118
Dantong Jia,Xiuwen Li,Sen Du,Ning Xu,Wenming Zhang,Ruyi Yang,Yunhai Zhang,Yide He,Yongjun Zhang
Various pollutants co-exist in the aquatic environment such as carbamazepine (CBZ) and copper (Cu), which can cause complex effects on inhabiting organisms. The toxic impacts of the single substance have been studied extensively. However, the studies about their combined adverse impacts are not enough. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to environmental relevant concentrations of CBZ (1, 10, and 100 μg/L), Cu (0.5, 5, and 10 μg/L) and the mixtures (1 μg/L CBZ + 0.5 μg/L Cu, 10 μg/L CBZ + 5 μg/L Cu, 100 μg/L CBZ + 10 μg/L Cu) for 45 days, the effects on nervous and antioxidant systems of zebrafish were investigated. The results demonstrated that, in comparison with single exposure group, the combined presence of CBZ and Cu exacerbated the effect of antioxidant system (the ability of inhibition of hydroxyl radicals (IHR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)) but not nervous system (Acetylcholinesterase [AChE]). The qPCR results supported the changes of corresponding enzymes activities. Hepatic histopathological analysis verified the results of biomarkers. Our work illustrated that the toxicity of mixed pollutants is very complicated, which cannot simply be inferred from the toxicity of single pollutant, and calls for more co-exposure experiments to better understanding of the co-effects of pollutants on aquatic organisms.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
·
水生生物学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2016
·
IF 3.698
Ting Wang,Dali Wang,Zhifen Lin,Qingqing An,Chunsheng Yin,Qinghui Huang
The 50% effect level of a single chemical in the real environment is almost impossible to determine at the low exposure concentration, and the prediction of the concentration of a mixture at the 50% effect level from the concentration of a single chemical at the low effect level is even more difficult. The current literature does not address this problem. Thus, to determine solutions for this question, single/mixture chronic toxicities of sulfonamides (SAs) and quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSIs) were determined using Gram-negative bacteria ( Vibrio fischeri and E. coli. ) and Gram-positive bacteria ( B. subtilis ) as the target organisms. The results showed that the joint effects of SAs and QSIs were primarily antagonistic responses. In addition, the toxicity mechanisms of mixtures of SAs and QSIs were investigated further, and the results revealed that the chronic joint effects were primarily an antagonistic response due to the QSI competing against acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL) for luxR in V. fischeri and SdiA in E. coli generated by the SAs, leading to negative effects exerted by the QSI-luxR or QSI-SdiA complexes on luxI in V. fischeri or FtsZ in E. coli . This phenomenon eventually weakened the stimulatory effect caused by the SAs. Based on the mixture toxicity mechanism, the relationship between the mixture toxicity and the simulation effect was formulated.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2024
·
IF 7.6
Xuewen Yao,Zhaokang Cheng,Evgenios Agathokleous,Yaqian Wei,Xinyuan Feng,Hanhan Li,Tingting Zhang,Shuting Li,Gaurav Dhawan,Xiao-San Luo
As typical antibiotics, tetracycline (TC) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) enter the human body through the food chain. Therefore, it is necessary to understand their individual and combined toxicity. In this study, the effects of TC, SDZ, and their mixture on cell viability, cell membrane damage, liver cell damage, and oxidative damage were evaluated in in vitro assays with human liver cells Huh-7. The results showed cytotoxicity of TC, SDZ, and their mixture, which induced oxidative stress and caused membrane and cell damage. The effect of antibiotics on Huh-7 cells increased with increasing concentration, except for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity that commonly showed a threshold concentration response and cell viability, which commonly showed a biphasic trend, suggesting the possibility of hormetic responses where proper doses are included. The toxicity of TC was commonly higher than that of SDZ when applied at the same concentration. These findings shed light on the individual and joint effects of these major antibiotics on liver cells, providing a scientific basis for the evaluation of antibiotic toxicity and associated risks.
研究领域:
药理学
·
毒理学
·
细胞生物学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）