SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Rui Huang,Lizhi Lin,Jinghua Zhang,Shaohua Jin,Qingquan Tian,Ziming Yang,Puwang Li,Yu Chen
Dihydroxylammonium 5, 5′-bistetrazole-1, 1′-diolate (TKX-50) is a new high-energy and insensitive material with broad application prospects. However, the discharge of TKX-50 wastewater from its production and applications not only causes the waste of high-value explosives, but also pollutes the environment. The traditional used adsorbents are poor adsorption efficiencies and recyclability performance in pratical applications. In this study, we successfully prepared a porous polyurethane/chitosan hybrid foam (PUF) with chitosan (CTS) as the active adsorption component by the semi-prepolymerization/acidification method. The compressive strength of the PUF can reach up to 8.83 kPa, and the static adsorption capacity of TKX-50 can reach 39.32 mg/g. The TKX-50 adsorption process and mechanism were further studied by the adsorption kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics. The adsorbed TKX-50 was effectively recovered by NaOH solution, with a desorption rate exceeding 94 %. The dynamic adsorption investigation indicates that the PUF is suitable for industrial continuous flow wastewater treatment process in practical engineering. In all, our work has explored a new construction strategy of chitosan composited recyclable polyurethane hybrid foam materials with high TKX-50 adsorption efficiencies, and the obtained hybrid foam exhibits great application potentials for the treatment of TKX-50-containing wastewaters.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 10
·2359
·
IF 5
Xiaohua Gu,Xiaoyao Wang,Xinyu Guo,Siwen Liu,Chunhua Lou,Yan Liu
In this paper, the high-efficiency degradation and alcoholysis recovery of waste polyurethane foam were realized using a combination of a high-efficiency alkali metal catalyst (CsOH) and two-component mixed alcoholysis agents (glycerol and butanediol) in different proportions, using recycled polyether polyol and one-step foaming to prepare regenerated thermosetting polyurethane hard foam. The foaming agent and catalyst were adjusted experimentally to prepare regenerated polyurethane foam, and a series of tests were conducted on the viscosity, GPC, hydroxyl value, infrared spectrum, foaming time, apparent density, compressive strength, and other properties of the degradation products of the regenerated thermosetting polyurethane rigid foam. The resulting data were analyzed, and the following conclusions were drawn: The optimal conditions of alcoholysis were obtained when the mass ratio of glycerol to butanediol was 3:2, the amount of cesium hydroxide was 0.08%, the reaction temperature was 170 °C, and the reaction time was 2.5 h. Regenerated polyurethane foam with an apparent density of 34.1 kg/m3and a compressive strength of 0.301 MPa was prepared under these conditions. It had good thermal stability, complete sample pores, and a strong skeleton. At this time, these are the best reaction conditions for the alcoholysis of waste polyurethane foam, and the regenerated polyurethane foam meets various national standards.Keywords:polyurethane foam;high-efficiency catalyst;recycling;glycolysis
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Shibo Han,Guangying Huang,Han Han,Xilai Yan,Jie Xie,Hongshen He,Ajoy Kanti Mondal,Weijie Lin,Fang Huang
Currently, most polyols used in polyurethane foam (PUF) synthesis are derived from petrochemicals. However, lignin as the most abundant aromatic biopolymer rich in hydroxyl groups, is a suitable filler for synthesizing polyurethane foam. Therefore, in this study, Kraft lignin (KL) was utilized as a partial substitute for flexible polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400). After adding 15 % KL, NaCl was introduced as a medium for synthesizing LFPUF and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as a foam stabilizer. Lignin-based flexible polyurethane foam (LFPUF) with high elasticity was synthesized. The aromatic ring structure of KL acted as a reinforcement for the foam, while the flexible PEG400 provided excellent flexibility to LFPUF. Na + interacts with oxygen atoms in the long chain of PEG to form a cyclic crown ether structure. This promotes proximity and ordering of the hydroxyl groups, thereby facilitating proton transfer and optimising the cell size of the foam. Ultimately, the foam synthesized with 3 % NaCl (LFPUF-3%NaCl) exhibited an average cell size and hole size of 484.1 and 183.6 μm, respectively, significantly smaller than those of the foam synthesized without NaCl (843.5 and 249.3 μm, respectively). The foam resilience and elastic recovery of LFPUF-3%NaCl were 39.56 and 99.03 %, respectively, which was higher than that of the foam synthesized without NaCl (20.36 % and 97.08 %, respectively). In addition, LFPUF-3%NaCl maintained a high elastic recovery of 97.61 % after 20 cycles of compression. The egg drop test demonstrated that the foam effectively provided protective cushioning for fragile items.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2018
·
IF 1.712
Wei Zhou,Puyou Jia,Yonghong Zhou,Meng Zhang
Three kinds of tung oil-based structural flame retardants polyols (TOFPs) were prepared by new methods in this paper. First, tung oil was used to produce monoglyceride and diglyceride by transesterification with glycerol by sodium methoxide. The products after transesterification were epoxidized by peracetic acid which was in-situ generated from acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst. And then, TOFPs were prepared from epoxidized alcoholysis tung oil (EGTO) with 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), diethyl phosphate (DEP) and diethanolamine (DEA) by ring-opening reactions, respectively. GPC was used to evaluate the conversion rate, at optimum reaction conditions, selectivity for monoglyceride in transesterification. The influence of different parameters such as temperature, mole ratio or mass ratio on the conversion rate of transesterification and epoxidation were investigated. The molecular structures of TOFPs were characterized by FTIR and 1 HNMR. Finally, tung oil-based polyurethane foams (TOPUFs) were prepared by a one-shot process using TOFPs with polyisocyanate. The LOI values of TOPUFs whose content of DOPO-EGTO, DEP-EGTO and DEA-EGTO were 100 wt% can reach to 26.2%, 25.1%, and 24.4%, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Shengchao Yang,Jinpeng Qiao,Chao Kang,Mengyao Sun,Sheng Dong,Yuqian Zhao,Wenhao Sun,Yundong Yang,Chenlong Duan
Gallium is a strategic key metal, and its demand is increasing. Coal gangue is a kind of mine solid waste with huge reserves. Extracting gallium from coal gangue can realize high value-added utilization of solid waste. In this study, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate and polyether polyol were used to synthesize a new high-performance polyurethane foam adsorbent under triethanolamine catalytic. The feasibility of preparing polyurethane foams with different raw material ratios and the differences in their physicochemical properties were explored, and the optimal ratio of polyether polyol to toluene-2,4-diisocyanate was found to be 3.5. Adsorption tests of gallium ions in gangue acid leachate were carried out to determine the feasibility of adsorption of gallium by polyurethane foam in low gallium concentration solution, and the adsorption rate was 83.90% under the optimal conditions. The adsorption mechanism of polyurethane foam was revealed, indicating that Ga 3+ complexed with Cl - adsorbed on polyurethane groups (—COONH—), before adsorption need to use hydroxylamine hydrochloride to remove Fe 3+ in solution. The adsorption process can be described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, conforms to Langmuir adsorption model, and belongs to the chemisorption. The reaction belongs to endothermic reaction. The foam still has good adsorption effect after multiple adsorptions, which opens up a new way for the recovery and utilization of gallium in coal gangue.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2014
·
IF 2.633
Meng Zhang,Jinwen Zhang,Shuigen Chen,Yonghong Zhou
In this work, a melamine and cardanol-derived Mannich base polyol (MCMP) was synthesized via a two-step process. First, cardanol was allowed to react with paraformaldehyde melamine and diethanolamine to yield mixed Mannich bases which were subsequently propoxylated to give the MCMP. Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were prepared using MCMP and a polyisocyanate. Effects of expandable graphite (EG), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and diethyl ethylphosphate (DEEP) on the flame retardancy, mechanical properties , thermal stability and morphology of the resultant RPUFs were studied. It was demonstrated that the melamine incorporated into the MCMP molecular structure increased the thermal stability and the flame retardancy of the RPUF. The fire resistance of the foam could be further enhanced by the addition of flame retardants . EG is more effective than APP and DEEP in enhancing the limiting oxygen index of MCMP-based RPUFs. The flame-retardant-filled RPUFs display a better compressive strength , thermal stability, char residue, heat release and smoke emission than does the non-filled foams.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2020
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IF 2.87
Maoyong Zhi,Quanyi Liu,Yinlong Zhao,Shansong Gao,Zheng Zhang,Yuanhua He
A novel MoS2–DOPO hybrid has been successfully synthesized through the grafting of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) on the surface of MoS2 nanosheets using allyl mercaptan as an intermediate. MoS2–DOPO was used as a flame retardant additive to prepare flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF). The influence of MoS2–DOPO on the mechanical, thermal stability, and flame retardancy properties of FPUF composites were systematically investigated. The incorporation of MoS2–DOPO could not deteriorate greatly the tensile strength and 50% compression set of FPUF composites, but effectively improves the char residue. The cone calorimeter and smoke density tests results revealed that the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and the maximum smoke density of the MoS2–DOPO/FPUF composite were reduced by 41.3, 27.7, and 40.5%, respectively, compared with those of pure FPUF. Furthermore, the char residue after cone calorimeter tests and pyrolysis gaseous products of the MoS2–DOPO/FPUF composite were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry. The results suggested that the MoS2–DOPO hybrid played a synergistic flame retardant effect of gas and condensed bi-phase action. In addition, a possible flame retardancy and smoke suppression mechanism of the MoS2–DOPO/FPUF composite were proposed. This study provides a facile and promising strategy for the fabrication of polymer materials with excellent flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
燃烧学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Jiaxin Li,Fan Xia,Ya Liu,Jianhua Wang,Xuping Su,Zhiwei Li,Haoping Peng
A flame retardant for rigid polyurethane (RPUF) was designed and synthesized to expand the application field of RPUF. The flame retardants, namely MXene/PEI/PA-L and MXene/PEI/PA-H, were synthesized using phytic acid (PA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and MXene through layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly method and hydrothermal method , respectively. In terms of mechanical performance, MXene/PEI/PA-L imparted brittleness to RPUF while MXene/PEI/PA-H enhanced its toughness, enabling RPUF to adapt to diverse application scenarios. The flame retardant properties were evaluated via vertical combustion test, cone calorimetry test, and thermogravimetric test, and the gas phase flame retardant mechanism was analyzed by TG-FTIR. MXene/PEI/PA constituted a N-P-Ti synergistic flame retardant system. During combustion, MXene/PEI/PA formed a layered dense carbon layer to cut off the external oxygen transport channel and absorbed many oxygen-containing free radicals. MXene/PEI/PA-L demonstrated efficient smoke suppression capability, while MXene/PEI/PA-H showed superior thermal insulation performance. The ignition time (TTI) of the composite foam reached 47 s, the total smoke release (TSR) value decreased by 92 %, and the flame retardant grade reached 5VA. Coated RPUF had excellent flame retardant ability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Zhenglong He,Donghua Jia,Lili Wang,Ao Gao,Zhipeng zeng,Xinmeng Wang
To improve the exothermic temperature and flammability of polyurethane foam (PUF), red phosphorus (RP) and diatomite (D) from mechanical milling were chosen as the flame retardants to be incorporated into the polyurethane/waterglass foam (PUHF). The maximum exothermic temperature and temperature distribution of PUF and PUHF were measured using an infrared thermal camera. The morphology and chemical structure of the flame retardants as well as the chemical structure, morphology, compressive strength, thermal stability and flame retardancy of different PUFs were comprehensively investigated by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, compression test, thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, vertical burning combustion test, cone calorimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The obtained results showed that the maximum exothermic temperature and temperature distribution of PUHF were lower and more uniform than those of PUF. The addition of D increased the dispersion of RP in PUHF, and the uniform and closed pore structures and compressive property were well-retained. Moreover, RP/D/PUHF exhibited excellent thermal stability and flame retardant properties. In addition, a possible flame retardant mechanism of RP/D/PUHF was proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Biochar
·
2022
·Vol. 4
·期 1
·1-16
·
IF 11.452
Wang Zeyu,Hu Liyong,Zhao Min,Dai Luyao,Hrynsphan Dzmitry,Tatsiana Savitskaya,Chen Jun
The development of a multifunctional oil adsorbing material which could effectively and quickly separate oily wastewater is one of the focuses in water environment restoration. In this study, bamboo charcoal (BC) was used as an improver to modify polyurethane (PU) foam. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the addition of BC could effectively improve the mechanical properties of PU. The adsorption data exhibited that the BC-loaded PU (BC/PU) foam composites effectively removed seven organic solvents (OSs, including octane, petroleum ether, soybean oil, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, n-hexane, cyclohexane), and the maximum adsorption capacity of BC/PU was 23.6 g g −1 when BC content was 5%. The order of pseudo-second-order kinetic constants and maximum adsorption capacity of seven OSs was octane < petroleum ether < soybean oil < chlorobenzene < 1, 2-dichloroethane < cyclohexane < n -hexane. Based on the experimental data and density functional theory (DFT) simulation, the adsorption mechanism of OSs on BC/PU-5 was discussed. The E HOMO and μ of OSs calculated by DFT were highly correlated with absorption affinity (K 2 , Q e and Q max ). Hence, the contribution of OSs to the adsorption efficiency of BC/PU-5 may be mainly due to electron donor–acceptor (EDA) interaction and non-hydrophobic interaction. In addition, the adsorption capacity did not change significantly after repeated recycling 5 times. Overall, the prepared BC/PU foam composites could be used as a potential candidate for separating OSs in engineering applications. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2022
·
IF 6.449
Wei Wang,Dong Wang,Bihua Xia,Ting Li,Yang Wang,Xuhui Zhang,Huiyu Bai,Mingqing Chen,Weifu Dong
To alleviate the exhaustion of petrochemical resources and reduce their use in the polyurethane industry, biopolyols derived from dextrin and glycerol were prepared and used in rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). Through simple and eco-friendly physical mixing, biopolyols with different dextrin contents were obtained, and the effects of different biopolyols on the foaming process, combustion behavior, mechanical properties and biodegradability were investigated. The apparent density of the RPUF ranged from 31.4 kg/m 3 to 49.1 kg/m 3 . Compared with conventional foam, RPUF based on dextrin and glycerol had a higher normalized compressive strength and biodegradability. In addition, when the ratio of dextrin to glycerol in the biopolyol was 1/1, the self-extinguishing time of the foam was only 9 s, and the LOI value was 14.5% higher than that of conventional foam. These results demonstrated that dextrin-glycerol polyols can completely replace petrochemical polyols to prepare water-foamed RPUF with excellent comprehensive properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 7.4
Xiaolei Zhang,Fumin Wang,Lin He
In this study, various rigid polyurethanes foams (PUFs) with different morphologies were prepared and subsequently used for encapsulating the phase change material , polyethylene glycol (PEG). To address the low photothermal conversion efficiency of polyurethane-based phase change materials, MXene was successfully synthesized via an in-situ hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching method and incorporated into the PEG to obtain MXene@PEG composite material. Finally, a series of innovative MXene@PEG-PUF phase change composites were successfully fabricated by utilizing PUFs as the supporting matrix and the MXene@PEG composite as the phase change component through a vacuum impregnation technique, and their thermophysical properties and photothermal conversion performance were systematically studied. The results show that PUF is the ideal capsulation material for PEG. And MXene@PEG-PUF demonstrates a high PCM loading rate (>80 wt%) and a high latent heat storage enthalpy (>140 J/g) with a relative enthalpy efficiency of 99.5%, maintaining excellent shape stability and relative enthalpy efficiency of 95.58% after 150 thermal cycles. This highlights its superior thermal reliability, making it suitable for practical building energy-saving applications. Most importantly, the incorporation of MXene into PUF@PEG significantly enhances solar-to-thermal conversion capability, attributed to the exceptional photothermal characteristics of MXene.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
太阳能技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）