Soft Matter
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Tongtong Zhang,Shuo Wang,Hongyu Liu,Xiaolong Yang,Fangming Zhu
A facile method has been developed to produce syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) aerogels by only three steps of polymer dissolution, gel aging and freeze-drying without any solvent exchange, unlike typical methods for sPS aerogel preparation. Due to the high melting point of p-xylene (around 13 °C), p-xylene-based sPS gels are unexpectedly robust in allowing the formation of aerogels by direct p-xylene removal through sublimation, leading to a more efficient synthesis and better quality of aerogels with much stronger mechanical properties. Furthermore, without the interference of solvent exchange, it is more suitable to explore the influence of key parameters (sPS content and molecular weight in precursor gels) on the preparation of sPS aerogels. The content and molecular weight of sPS will affect the crystallinity and porosity of the sPS aerogels, which can further control the microstructure, mechanical properties, dielectric constant, and adsorption performance of the materials. The obtained low density sPS aerogels with 98.9% porosity exhibited a minimum dielectric constant of 1.02 at low frequencies and high adsorption capacity towards different organic solvents and common oil.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 3
·584
·
IF 3.426
Zixin Yu,Jie Wang,Peihua Li,Dachuan Ding,Xuan Zheng,Chuanqun Hu,Zhinan Gao,Tao Hu,Xinghou Gong,Chonggang Wu
A half-critical weight-average molecular weight (M¯w) (approximately 21,000 g mol−1), high-ion-content Zn-salt poly(styrene–ran–cinnamic-acid) (SCA–Zn) ionomer was successfully synthesized by styrene–cinnamic-acid (10.8 mol %) copolymerization followed by excess-ZnO melt neutralization. At 220 °C, the SCA–Zn’s viscosity was only approximately 1.5 magnitude orders higher than that of commercial polystyrene (PS) at 102s−1, and the PS/SCA–Zn (5–40 wt %) melt blends showed apparently fine, two-phased morphologies with blurred interfaces, of which the 95/5 and 90/10 demonstrated Han plots suggesting their near miscibility. These indicate that any PS–(SCA–Zn) processability mismatch was minimized by the SCA–Zn’s half-criticalM¯wdespite its dense ionic cross-links. Meanwhile, the SCA–Zn’s Vicat softening temperature (VST) was maximized by its cross-linking toward 153.1 °C, from that (97.7 °C) of PS, based on its half-criticalM¯wat which the ultimate glass-transition temperature was approximated. Below approximately 110 °C, the PS/SCA–Zn (0–20 wt %) were seemingly miscible when theirVSTincreased linearly yet slightly with the SCA–Zn fraction due to the dissolution of the SCA–Zn’s cross-links. Nevertheless, the 60/40 blend’sVSTsignificantly diverged positively from the linearity until 111.1 °C, revealing its phase-separated morphology that effectively enhanced the heat resistance by the highly cross-linked SCA–Zn. This work proposes a methodology of improving PS heat resistance by melt blending with its half-criticalM¯w, high-ion-content ionomer.Keywords:polystyrene;heat resistance;blending modification;poly(styrene–ran–cinnamic acid);ionomer
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 14
·8194-8203
·
IF 10.733
Changhui Liu,Ze Xu,Yan Song,Peizhao Lv,Jiateng Zhao,Chenzhen Liu,Yutao Huo,Ben Xu,Chunyu Zhu,Zhonghao Rao
Solving the mismatch between the supply and demand of energy in energy storage techniques is critical. Here, we report a novel Lewis acid catalysis induced in situ phase change material (PCM) shape-stabilization strategy to fabricate hyper-crosslinked polystyrene (HCPS) encapsulated PCMs towards the goal of highly efficient thermal energy storage. A simultaneous cross-linking and encapsulation process, enabled by a powerful FeCl3 catalyzed cross linking reaction, results in a highly efficient encapsulation rate. Thermal conductivity of the PCMs was enhanced by converting the cross-linking catalyst FeCl3 to Fe3O4 using a simple alkali treatment, by which 17% to 55% thermal conductivity enhancement was achieved compared with pure paraffin. Notably, waste polystyrene (PS) foam was demonstrated to be capable of being used as a starting material to support PCM, opening up a new avenue to utilize waste PS foam.
研究领域:
能源材料
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Min Deng,Jing Wei,Zikang Qin,Zheng Yan,Junfeng Zheng,Lin Yang,Lu Yao,Wenju Jiang,Zhongde Dai
Styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) has attracted increasing research attention due to its low cost, excellent mechanical properties, and superior gas permeability performance. In this work, a series of novel SBS doped membranes were prepared by introducing polyphosphoric acid (PPA), lithium 2,2,2- trifluoroacetate (TFALi), and 1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane (Siloxane-Cl) into SBS as dopants. The results indicated that the addition of dopants into SBS membranes simultaneously enhanced the CO 2 permeability and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of SBS membranes. Specially, doping Siloxane-Cl expanded the d-spacing, introduced flexible siloxane (Si-O) groups to enlarge molecular spaces, and formed more crosslinked network structure. Therefore, the SBS/Siloxane-20 membrane showed an approximately 4-fold increase CO 2 permeability compared to the pristine SBS membranes (from 203.3 to 842.9 barrer), accompanied by an increase in CO 2 /N 2 selectivity from 15.8 to 22.0. The obtained membranes also exhibited attractive anti-plasticization and anti-physical aging properties, no obvious decline in CO 2 permeability and/or CO 2 /N 2 selectivity can be observed after 1-week continuous permeation test, making them promising candidates for CO 2 /N 2 separation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Chaobo Jiang,Ce Wang,Shilong Zhang,Hongzhe Bi,Yida Wu,Jiafeng Wang,Yanling Zhu,Jianbin Qin,Yongsheng Zhao,Xuetao Shi,Guangcheng Zhang
It is fascinating to develop vitrimeric elastomers with excellent processability and improved physical properties through incorporating reversible covalent bonds into traditional thermoplastic elastomers . In this work, a poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) (SIS) thermoplastic elastomer was selected as the base elastomer and converted into vitrimer through peroxide-induced crosslinking reaction with di-vinyl-terminated boronic ester crosslinker . Kissinger model predicts that the activation energy of vitrimer crosslinking process is slightly higher than that of chemical crosslinking process. The peroxide content was adjusted to tune the composition of permanent chemical crosslinks and dynamic chemical crosslinks. In this way, SIS vitrimer elastomer with tailored multiple network structure was successfully prepared. The stress relaxation behavior of all SIS-BE samples shows Arrhenius-type temperature-dependency and the bond-exchange activation energy (E a ) of SIS-D0.5-B5 sample was estimated as 44.14 kJ/mol. SIS vitrimer elastomer shows improved creep-resistance, comparative mechanical strength and elastic recovery in relative to crosslinked SIS elastomer while maintaining good reprocessbility and self-healing efficiency. Additionally, SIS vitrimeric elastomer shows an increased lap-shear strength from 0.53 MPa to 1.02 MPa with the increase of DCP content. Therefore, we have demonstrated the potential for industrial-scale production of SIS vitrimer elastomer and its applications as reprocessable and healable adhesives.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 58
·期 5
·756-765
·
IF 0
Miao Zhang,Nairong Hao,Yating Gao,Lianwei Li,Xiaodong Ye
Separation and characterization on mixed solutions of hyperbranched and linear polystyrenes was achieved using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) as the first dimension and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) as the second dimension. The results show that linear and hyperbranched polystyrenes with similar hydrodynamic sizes (one fraction from SEC) can be separated by AUC according to the molar mass, and the separation efficiency decreases with the increasing of the retention volume in SEC. Moreover, the molar masses determined by AUC are consistent with the values measured by SEC-refractive index (RI) and SEC-multi-angle light scattering (MALS) detection. Furthermore, the result shows that the separation efficiency decreases with the increasing of the subchain length of hyperbranched polystyrenes. Our study lays a solid foundation for future studies to separate polymers with different topologies by a combination of SEC and AUC. Graphical Separation and characterization of mixed solutions of hyperbranched and linear polystyrenes has been achieved using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) as the first dimension and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) as the second dimension. The results show that linear and hyperbranched polystyrenes with similar hydrodynamic sizes (one fraction from SEC) can be separated by AUC according to the molar mass, and the separation efficiency decreases with the increasing of the retention volume in SEC.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
Polymers
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·598
·
IF 3.164
Xin Min,Xiaodong Fan
This work reports the preparation of a hydroxyl terminated polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-polystyrene triblock copolymer (SBS) with high cis-1, 4 content via a novel nickel catalyst, [η3-Ni(CH2CHCHCH2OOCH3)][BPhF4]. FT-IR,1H-NMR, and13C NMR indicated that the polybutadiene segment of the copolymer contains greater than 90% cis-1, 4 structure, indicating achievement of the objective. Toward the functionalization goal, a hydroxyl group was successfully introduced at the end of the triblock copolymer (HO–SBS–OH). The results of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) revealed that the polymer is indeed a triblock copolymer, with no traces of homopolymer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that HO–SBS–OH synthesized using the novel catalyst had a lower glass transition temperature (Tg) than HO–SBS–OH synthesized with an alkyl lithium catalyst. Therefore, the polymer synthesized via the novel catalyst contains high cis-1,4 content and displays excellent low-temperature mechanical properties.Keywords:hydroxyl terminated polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-polystyrene triblock copolymer;high cis-1,4 content;nickel catalyst
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Hongjia Peng,Zuhong Lin,Denglong Lu,Bolun Yu,Haipu Li,Jingjing Yao
Microplastics (MPs) commonly coexist with heavy metals in the soil environment. MPs can influence the activity of heavy metals, and the specific mechanisms need to be further explored. Here, different contents of polystyrene (PS) MPs were added to soil to explore their effects on the adsorption and desorption characteristics of copper (Cu 2+ ) in soil. The adsorption process was mainly chemical adsorption and belonged to a spontaneous, endothermic reaction. The hydrophobicity of MPs slowed down the adsorption and desorption rates. The main adsorption mechanisms included complexation by oxygen-containing functional groups, ion exchange (accounting for 33.97–36.04 % of the total adsorption amounts), and electrostatic interactions. MPs lacked oxygen-containing functional groups and were predominantly engaged in ion exchange and electrostatic interactions. MPs diluted, blocked the soil, and covered the active sites of soil, which reduced adsorption (3.56–16.18 %) and increased desorption (0.90–2.07 %) of Cu 2+ in soil samples, thus increasing the activity and mobility of Cu 2+ . These findings provide new insights into the effects of MPs on the fate and risk of heavy metals in soil. Environmental implication The existing literature concerning the effects of microplastics on the adsorption of heavy metals in soil is insufficient. Our investigation unveiled that the main adsorption mechanisms of different soil samples included complexation by oxygen-containing functional groups, ion exchange (accounting for 33.97–36.04 % of the total adsorption amounts), and electrostatic interactions. MPs lacked oxygen-containing functional groups and were predominantly engaged in ion exchange and electrostatic interactions. MPs diluted, blocked the soil, and covered the active sites of soil, which reduced adsorption (3.56–16.18 %) and increased desorption (0.90–2.07 %) of Cu 2+ in soil samples, thus increasing the activity and mobility of Cu 2+ .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2014
·Vol. 4
·期 64
·33702-33712
·
IF 3.708
Yepei Zhang,Baohua Yue,Shuaiyuan Han,Liuming Yan
The synergetic proton conducting effect with three orders of magnitude improvement in proton conductivity was observed in an acid–base composite composed of phosphonic acid functionalized polystyrene (PS-PA) and triazolyl functionalized polystyrene (PS-Tri). In addition, a new method for the development of proton conducting materials by the combination of different acidic and basic polymers is proposed. The PS-PA was synthesized by the bromination of polystyrene on the para-position of the phenyl ring followed by phosphonation and hydrolysis. The PS-Tri was synthesized by the chloromethylation of polystyrene on the para-position of the phenyl ring followed by azidation and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition or ‘click’ reaction. A maximum proton conductivity of 11.2 mS cm−1, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that of pristine PS-PA or PS-Tri, a tensile strength of 16.3 MPa, and a minimum water uptake of 15.1% (90 °C, 90% RH) were observed in the PS-PA/PS-Tri composite composed of 66.7% PS-PA. Finally, a mosaic-like morphology model and space-charge effects were proposed to explain the synergetic proton conducting effect.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 3.862
Faliang Luo,Juntao Ren,Chunyu Li,Yanming Hu,Guangyuan Zhou
A styrene derivative, 4-N,N-dimethylaminostyrene (MAS), serving as both catalyst and monomer was exploited in reversible complexation mediated polymerization (RCMP). Radical trap experiment and UV–vis spectroscopy analysis revealed that MAS as a catalyst could abstract iodine from iodine-containing compound to generate propagating radical species. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the polymerization of styrene in the presence of MAS proceeded in a “living”/controlled manner, affording polymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions. The livingness of the obtained polymer was confirmed by chain extension. Determined by water contact angle measurement, incorporation of MAS into the polymer led to the enhancement of surface energy. Moreover, using α,ω-bis(2-iodo-2-phenylacetoxy)-end functionalized cis -1,4-polyisoprene as a macroinitiator which was synthesized through cross-metathesis of cis -1,4-polyisoprene with cis -1, 4-bis(2-iodo-2-phenylacetoxy)-2-butene, the polymerization of styrene in the presence of MAS also exhibited typical features of “living”/controlled radical polymerization to yield polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene.
研究领域:
高分子科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2020
·
IF 9.038
Bin Yu,Anthony Chun Yin Yuen,Xiaodong Xu,Zhen-Cheng Zhang,Wei Yang,Hongdian Lu,Bin Fei,Guan Heng Yeoh,Pingan Song,Hao Wang
High-performance MXene-based polymer nanocomposites are highly desirable for diverse industry applications due to their exceptional mechanical, thermal and other properties. Nevertheless, it remains an intractable challenge to create flame retardant polymer/MXene nanocomposites due to the difficulty to achieve uniform dispersion of MXenes. Here, we reported a facile strategy for the surface manipulation of two-dimensional titanium carbide nanosheets (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) with 3-aminopropylheptaisobutyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (AP-POSS) (POSS-Ti 3 C 2 T x ) through electrostatic interactions. The POSS-Ti 3 C 2 T x is steadily dispersed in many polar solvents. Upon incorporated into polystyrene (PS), the combined effect of AP-POSS and MXene makes the resultant PS nanocomposites exhibit significantly improved thermal and thermoxidative stability, e.g. 22 °C and 39 °C increases in the temperature at 5 wt% mass loss under nitrogen and air, respectively. Meanwhile, a 39.1 % reduction in the peak heat release rate, a respective 54.4 % and 35.6 % reduction in the peak CO production rate and the peak CO 2 production rate was achieved, which are superior to those of its own and previous counterparts. This outstanding fire safety is attributed to the combination of adsorption, catalytic and barrier effects of POSS-Ti 3 C 2 T x . Hence, as-designed functionalized MXenes can be effectively applied in PS to formulate multifunctional polymer nanocomposites attractive for wide potential applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
·
2017
·Vol. 55
·期 18
·1373-1379
·
IF 2.838
Jiao Chen,Ye Sha,Siyang Gao,Chao Teng,Xiaoliang Wang,Dongshan Zhou,Linling Li,Wei Chen,Gi Xue
Understanding the conformational changes of polymeric chains in solutions is an essential and integral part of polymer physics. By increasing the concentration of polymer solutions from dilute to semidilute regime, the critical chain overlapping has been reported at the concentration termed as C *. In this study, the associated inter- and intrachain conformational transitions in polystyrene (PS) solutions are reported. By comparing the spectroscopic intensity ratio versus concentration for an intrachain PS system, a break point was observed in good solvent which coincided with the theoretically predicted C *. Moreover, the intrachain conformation showed no obvious change below C *, while significant collapse started to occur above C *. This result reveals a new insight in polymer physics, since traditionally the size of polymer chains is considered to decrease weakly regarding the concentration change in the semidilute regime. It is important to find such an abrupt intrachain conformational transition between the dilute and semidilute solutions and provide the first experimental observation that inter- and intrachain conformational transitions are correlated to one the other. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017 , 55 , 1373–1379
研究领域:
聚合物物理
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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