POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
Shiya Wang,Miaojun Xu,Wei Huang,Yingke Zhu,Juan Li,Peng Chen
Polyamide 56 (PA56) is a polyamide based on bio-based chemical and has attracted widespread attentions. In this paper, a series of phosphomolybdates (POMs) with Keggin structure were incorporated into PA56 to modify its flame-retardant properties. Different POMs show different effects on the flame-retardant efficiency in PA56. A small amount of 3 wt% sodium phosphomolybdate (PMoNa) or nickel phosphomolybdate (PMoNi) enable PA56 to achieve the UL-94 V-0 rating, while the samples containing other POMs are not classified in the test. The POMs promote the degradation of PA56 at low temperature and char formation at high temperature, and improves the thermal stability in air. Especially, the PMoNa and PMoNi restrain the release of heat, flammable volatiles and toxic gas by forming more char and changing the pyrolysis pathway during combustion, thus modify the flame retardancy of PA56 effectively. The mechanical properties are deteriorated more or less which need to be modified further.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Wen-Jie Jin,Shuang Dong,Jin-Ping Guan,Xian-Wei Cheng,Chuan-Xiang Qin,Guo-Qiang Chen
Polyamide 56 (PA56) biomaterial with excellent flame retardancy, antibacterial and UV-protective properties is potentially applied in the field of security and protection. Here, a green and sustainable multifunctional coating (DOPO-ATU) was developed, and then it was applied to modify PA56 fabric. The DOPO-ATU showed excellent flame retardancy to PA56 fabric. With 7.8 % weight gain, the coated PA56 fabric possessed a high LOI value of 30.1 % and a low damaged length of 11.1 cm without dripping. In cone calorimeter test, the peak heat release rate and average effective heat of combustion decreased by 20.5 % and 46.4 % versus pristine one, showing excellent fire safety. Further analysis proved that DOPO-ATU mainly acted in the gas-phase through the action of diluting non-combustible gases and quenching free radicals. In addition, the coated PA56 fabrics also displayed excellent antibacterial property and UV-protective properties. This work provides a cleaner and sustainable approach for preparing multifunctional coating for PA56 protective biomaterials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Yuhan Xu,Jinheng Wang,Chenyan Zhang,Jikui Wang,Weihong Guo
Electrospinning technology can produce nanofibers with extremely high specific surface area. Bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) was combined with chitosan (CS) to prepare PA56/CS composite nanofibers. An in vitro mineralization experiment was conducted to obtain a super hydrophilic composite fiber (PA56/CS-HAP) with hydroxyapatite deposited on the surface. The adsorption performance of the composite fiber (PA56/CS-HAP) was evaluated by the adsorbent dosage, solution pH value, and adsorption kinetics. The curves obtained after fitting the kinetics and adsorption isotherms show that the adsorption behavior under pH = 6 is more consistent with the Langmuir adsorption model. The adsorption capacity in a 100 mg L −1 Pb 2+ environment is more than 5 times that of 10 mg L −1 . Bio-based PA56/CS static-spun nanocomposite fibers prepared by in vitro mineralization have great potential in environmental protection, sensors, chemical engineering, and other fields. Highlights PA/CS fibers were prepared by electrospinning. Hydroxyapatite was deposited by in vitro mineralization technique. PA/CS-HAP fiber achieves super hydrophilic effect. The adsorption capacity of PA/CS-HAP in 100 mg L −1 Pb(II) reached 27.5 mg g −1 . After fitting, the adsorption process is consistent with Langmuir adsorption.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 140
·期 34
·e54301
·
IF 3
Lulu He,Taofang An,Min He,Qiao Fan,Jifei Yang,Yufei Liu,Shuhao Qin,Jie Yu
The anti-moisture absorption and thermal properties of bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) were improved by adding heat-resistant agents to expand its application in the automotive field. Two macromolecular heat-resistant agents, p(N-(4-F-phenylmaleimide)-alt-styrene) (PFS) and p(N-(4-F-phenylmaleimide)-alt-triallyl isocyanurate) (PFT), were synthesized via precipitation polymerization, and their effects on the thermal properties, mechanical properties, and anti-moisture absorption of PA56 were studied. Compared with PA56, the heat deflection temperature of PA56/PFS and PA56/PFT composites was improved by 11.9% and 21.2%, with their anti-moisture absorption increasing by 14.6% and 15.5%, respectively. This is due to the crystallization of PA56 has been promoted and its more complete crystal structure has been obtained.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 8
·1044
·
IF 4.7
Yunlong Cui,Yu Liu,Dongxu Gu,Hongyu Zhu,Meihui Wang,Mengjie Dong,Yafei Guo,Hongyu Sun,Jianyuan Hao,Xinmin Hao
Weak bonds usually make macromolecules stronger; therefore, they are often used to enhance the mechanical strength of polymers. Not enough studies have been reported on the use of weak bonds in flame retardants. A water-soluble polyelectrolyte complex composed of polyethyleneimine (PEI), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and melamine (MEL) was designed and utilized to treat bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) by a simple three-step process. It was found that weak bonds cross-linked the three compounds to a 3D network structure with MEL on the surface of the coating under mild conditions. The thermal stability and flame retardancy of PA56 fabrics were improved by the controlled coating without losing their mechanical properties. After washing 50 times, PA56 still kept good flame retardancy. The cross-linking network structure of the flame retardant enhanced both the thermal stability and durability of the fabric. STPP acted as a catalyst for the breakage of the PA56 molecular chain, PEI facilitated the char formation and MEL released non-combustible gases. The synergistic effect of all compounds was exploited by using weak bonds. This simple method of developing structures with 3D cross-linking using weak bonds provides a new strategy for the preparation of low-cost and environmentally friendly flame retardants.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 24
·52346
·
IF 3.057
Yuhan Xu,Chenyu Zhao,Zhiyuan Guo,Wenjie Dong,Xiucai Liu,Weihong Guo
Polyamide is an engineering plastic, which has been widely used in industry and life. Polyamide 56, as a green and environmentally friendly bio-based product, is gradually replacing traditional petroleum-based products. However, in terms of auto parts, communication equipment, and mechanical products, a single polyamide monomer is difficult to meet the end-use standard. EPDM-g-MAH (ethylene propylene diene monomer grafted with maleic anhydride) is melt blended with bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) in a twin-screw extruder to obtain polyamide elastomers with different formulations. Subsequently, its morphology and structure, thermodynamic properties, crystallinity, and mechanical properties were analyzed. The test results show that the composites containing 10% EPDM-g-MAH have better impact resistance and thermal properties in the range of adding 0‑20 wt% EPDM-g-MAH. In the fracture morphology analysis, it is found that the interface between the rubber phase and the polyamide phase fused well, and the elastomer showed the ductile fracture.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 28
·期 3
·615-630
·
IF 2.297
Yuhui Zhang,Yu Zhao,Zihao Wang,Xuegang Jiang,Xiucai Liu,Weihong Guo
Seeking a facile strategy to synthesize efficient and inexpensive flame retardant which endows biobased polyamide 56 (PA56) with desirable flame retardancy is an urgent need. Here, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) to synthesize a nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant (CN@APP) and then applied in biobased PA56. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra demonstrated that APP was successfully microencapsulated with g-C 3 N 4 . The micromorphology structure was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PA56/CN@APP attained a UL 94 V-0 rating and limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 31.7%. A sharp reduction of 35.3% in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and 24.0% in total heat release (THR) and an 874% increase in char yield were noticed for PA56/CN@APP2 compared with pure PA56. Additionally, the peak smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke production (TSP) of PA56/CN@APP2 were 33.0% and 21.8% lower than those of pure PA56. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy were employed to analyze the condensed phase residues from the cone calorimeter test (CCT). The results indicated that CN@APP was beneficial for forming a more stable and compact carbon layer during combustion, thereby insulating the heat transfer and improving the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of PA56.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2020
·Vol. 22
·期 18
·3234-3241
·
IF 3.117
Pengpeng Yang,Xiaoqiang Peng,Sen Wang,Dong Li,Ming Li,Pengfei Jiao,Wei Zhuang,Jinglan Wu,Qingshi Wen,Hanjie Ying
Bio-based polyamide 56 is a new type of bio-based polyamide that is regarded as a most promising material for the textile industry. High-quality polymer materials require first high-quality monomers. In this report, we investigated the solid–liquid equilibrium of polyamide 56 salt (an ionic solid compound used to prepare polyamide 56), thermodynamic parameters of the dissolution process, and the crystallization process, and screened out a favorable crystallization system to obtain a high-quality product. The dissolution was shown to be endothermic and not a spontaneous process; entropy was the overall driving force for the dissolution. The crystallization process and the effect of impurities were investigated. Cooling crystallization in pure water was beneficial to the nucleation and crystal growth of polyamide 56 salt, and is a good choice from the perspective of economy and the stability of the product. Additionally, the crystal structural characteristics and thermal behavior were systematically characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SSRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was found that there were two crystal forms of polyamide 56 salt, dihydrate and anhydrate. The dihydrate was a stable crystal form, and the anhydrous form could be converted into the dihydrate by absorbing moisture. The temperature 183.7 °C was the onset of 1,5-pentanediamine cation deprotonation and adipic acid anion protonation rather than their degradation. These contributions provide a potential industrial preparation strategy for high-quality polyamide 56 salt, as well as laying a foundation for its polymerization.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
纺织工业
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Shikun Zhao,Xiangyang Chen,Yang Zhou,Biao Zhao,Qing Hu,Shangtao Chen,Kai Pan
As resource and environmental issues become increasingly prominent worldwide, bio-based polyamides demonstrate appealing prospects due to their renewable and low carbon emission characteristics. The preparation of intrinsically flame-retardant polyamides by copolymerization of reactive flame retardants with biomass monomers becomes a hot research topic at present. In this work, reactive flame retardant (r-FR) is synthesized, showing excellent solubility and temperature resistance. Subsequently, flame retardant polyamide 56 (FRPA56) are prepared by one-step melt polycondensation. Specifically, when the r-FR content is 6wt%, FRPA56 has a high limiting oxygen index of 28.4%, and the vertical combustion reaches V-0 level, demonstrating excellent flame-retardant performance. Moreover, FAPA56 also owns outstanding temperature resistance and mechanical properties even with a r-FR content of 8wt%, in which the melting temperature and tensile strength are 246.1 °C and 71.05 MPa, respectively. This work develops an effective strategy for constructing intrinsically flame-retardant polyamide material, which can meet the requirements of engineering plastics and exhibit satisfactory performance in the field of textile.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
阻燃性
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy
·
2025
·
IF 5.8
Xue Zhang,Miaoyan Li,Xin Zhang,Xueni Hou,Xiangrong Wang
Natural extracts, characterized by their superior biocompatibility and multifunctionality, have demonstrated remarkable potential in fields such as antibacterial, antioxidant and ultraviolet (UV) protection. However, at present, natural extracts are facing a key bottleneck in functional finishing—poor washing durability. In this study, luteolin, a natural extract, was chosen to treat bio-based Polyamide 56 (PA56) fabrics. The findings indicated that the fabric dyed with luteolin not only achieved good coloration but also exhibited outstanding multi-functional properties: the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) value reached 205, the ABTS radical cation (ABTS •+ ) scavenging rate was 99 %, and the antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) were 70 % and 95 %, respectively. To further enhance the color fastness and functional durability, this study introduced metal ions. Through the coordination reaction between luteolin, metal ions and PA56, the color fastness was successfully raised to level 4 or above, and the durability of functionalities was significantly improved. After 10 washing cycles, the UPF value of the fabric remained at 155, the ABTS •+ scavenging rate exceeded 60 %, and the antibacterial rate against S. aureus remained at 75 %. This study proposed and verified a sustainable and coordinated strategy based on coordination chemistry, systematically addressing the durability issue of natural functional finishing agents.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Zhuolun Li,Yaqiao Wang,Haofan Lu,Yibo Sun,Xiangdong Wang,Shihong Chen
Developing biobased materials is a considerably effective approach to save fossil resources and reduce emissions. Biobased polyamide 56 (PA56) is an excellent engineering material, but it has low toughness. Herein, to enhance the toughness of PA56, an ultra-tough biodegradable material, i.e., poly (butylene adipate- co -terephthalate) (PBAT) was introduced into PA56. Moreover, a self-synthesized epoxy-terminated hyperbranched polyester (EHBP) was used to improve the compatibility of the blended materials. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the epoxide group of EHBP could react with PA56 and PBAT to form a block -like polymer structure and limit the crystallization behavior of the blends. The scanning electron microscopy results show that the addition of EHBP considerably reduced the dispersed-phase size in the blends, forming a nanoscale island structure. Moreover, the hydrogen bonds formed between EHBP and PA56/PBAT enhanced the intermolecular interaction between the two materials. Thus, PA56 blends with ultrahigh toughness were successfully prepared. The prepared PA56/PBAT/EHBP blend exhibited a notch impact strength of 20.71 kJ/m 2 and a breaking elongation of 38.3 %, which represent increases of 427.3 % and 252.8 %, respectively, compared with those of pure PA56. Thus, the proposed method is suitable for toughening PA56 and broadening its applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials
·
2021
·
IF 2.371
Yuhui Zhang,Yang Wang,Yuhan Xu,Xiucai Liu,Weihong Guo
Biobased PA56 is an innovative type of biobased polyamide that is regarded as the most potential material to replace traditional petroleum-based polyamide. However, biobased PA56 exhibits poor notched impact strength, which limits its applications. Biobased PA56/poly(octene-co-ethylene) grafted glycidyl methacrylate (POE-g-GMA) composites were mixed through twin-screw extrusion in the toughener range of 0–25 wt% and subsequently investigated for their structural, crystallization behavior, thermal and mechanical properties. Consequently, a nearly seventeen-fold increase in the notched Izod impact strength is registered. The essential work of fracture (EWF) method is used for the determination of fracture toughness of toughened biobased PA56.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）