Xiaoping Shen,Kangchen Nie,Li Zheng,Zhaosong Wang,Zhe Wang,Song Li,Chunde Jin,Qingfeng Sun
Taking inspiration from skeletal muscle with highly oriented myofibers, we developed a tough wood aerogel/poly(ionic liquid) (WA/PIL) hydrogel directly from wood via delignification, impregnation and gelation for the formation of a tactile sensor of electric double-layer capacitive configuration. The WA/PIL hydrogels integrated the representative properties of both wood and ionic liquids, being a promising candidate for both polyelectrolyte and separator materials. The influences of the wood texture and cross-linker (Bis) content on the mechanical and sensing performances of the hydrogels were investigated. The results showed that the tangential hydrogel slice with a 1.0 mol% Bis content (tan 1.0) displayed the most significant improvement in compressive stress (1.65 MPa) and deformation (73.3%) at fracture, suggesting the best compressibility. Electrodes also played a significant role in the sensitivity and stability of the sensor devices. While tan 1.0 with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) electrodes displayed the largest sensitivities (1.13–19.70 MPa−1), tan 1.0 with Ni foams possessed much more stable ionic signals within the whole stress range with sensitivities of 0.33–9.67 MPa−1. Due to the wide-stress-range responsiveness of our hydrogel sensor from gentle finger contact to vigorous hitting modes, it will find promising applications in various human–machine interfaces in the fields of electronics, recreation, sports, etc.
Na Lu,Haibo Lin,Shuting Xu,Jianqiang Wang,Qiu Han,Fu Liu
Catalytic membranes are able to conquer the hurdles of common heterogeneous catalysts via facilitated convection/diffusion–reaction process, which efficiently eliminate emerging contaminants (ECs) without secondary contamination. It is challenging to maintain steady advanced oxidation efficiency via rationally designing the robust nano-architectures of catalytic membranes. Inspired by tenacious bone/muscle structure, we for the first time synthesized polyvinylidene fluoride shells and micro-webs intensified carbon catalytic nanofibrous membranes (PVDF-CCNM) using a flash freezing route, achieving instantaneous ECs degradation (e.g. 98.9 ± 0.5% of tetracycline) and producing a massive water throughput (e.g. 29.4 × 10 3 L m −2 ) in 84 h under continuous cross-flow filtration, superior to state-of-the-art catalytic membranes. The resulted membrane showed a much higher apparent reaction constant value (1353.5 μmol g −1 min −1 ) during the dynamic filtration system than that (4.9 μmol g −1 min −1 ) in batch system, ascribing to forced convection and facilitated diffusion–reaction. Moreover, the resulted membrane exhibited strong resistance to various anions and broad pH range due to the 1 O 2 dominated catalytic degradation mechanism, which allows for remediating actual high-salinity coal chemical wastewater. This work highlights an innovative catalytic membrane design for robust and practical treatment of recalcitrant pollutants.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）