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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY · 2024 · IF 4

Bacterial cysteate dissimilatory pathway involves a racemase and D-cysteate sulfo-lyase

Chunxiu Liu,Kailiang Ma,Li Jiang,Xumei Liu,Yang Tong,Sen Yang,Xinghua Jin,Yifeng Wei,Yan Zhang

The sulfite-reducing bacterium Bilophila wadsworthia , a common human intestinal pathobiont, is unique in its ability to metabolize a wide variety of sulfonates to generate sulfite as a terminal electron acceptor (TEA). The resulting formation of H 2 S is implicated in inflammation and colon cancer. l -cysteate, an oxidation product of l -cysteine, is among the sulfonates metabolized by B. wadsworthia , although the enzymes involved remain unknown. Here we report a pathway for l -cysteate dissimilation in B. wadsworthia RZATAU, involving isomerization of l -cysteate to d -cysteate by a cysteate racemase ( Bw CuyB), followed by cleavage into pyruvate, ammonia and sulfite by a d -cysteate sulfo-lyase ( Bw CuyA). The strong selectivity of Bw CuyA for d -cysteate over l -cysteate was rationalized by protein structural modeling. A homolog of Bw CuyA in the marine bacterium Silicibacter pomeroyi ( Sp CuyA) was previously reported to be a l -cysteate sulfo-lyase, but our experiments confirm that Sp CuyA too displays a strong selectivity for d -cysteate. Growth of B. wadsworthia with cysteate as the electron acceptor is accompanied by production of H 2 S and induction of Bw CuyA. Close homologs of Bw CuyA and Bw CuyB are present in diverse bacteria, including many sulfate- and sulfite-reducing bacteria, suggesting their involvement in cysteate degradation in different biological environments.

CAS / MDL: L611472
研究领域: 微生物学 · 生物化学 · 分子生物学 · 医学研究
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY · 2016 · IF 2.653

A simple fluorescent probe for sensing cysteine over homocysteine and glutathione based on PET

Wenlong Fan,Ximing Huang,Xiaomin Shi,Zhuo Wang,Zhengliang Lu,Chunhua Fan,Qibing Bo

A big challenge is the discrimination of sulfhydryl-containing amino acids due to their structural similarity. We designed and synthesized a simple fluorescent probe 3 for specific detection of cysteine based on photo-induced electron transfer (PET). The acrylate and BODIPY moieties in probe 3 act as a reaction site and reporter group, respectively. So the synergistic effect of the substituent groups endows probe 3 very strong green fluorescence at 525   nm (λ ex   =   500   nm). The cleavage reaction induced by cysteine leads to acrylate hydrolysis, and thereby triggers PET on, which effectively quench the fluorescence of 3 . Probe 3 exhibited a rapid response towards cysteine over homocysteine and glutathione . Probe 3 is successfully applied for sensing and imaging cysteine in vitro or in vivo cells with low cytotoxicity.

研究领域: 生物化学 · 分析化学
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY · 2017 ·Vol. 41 ·期 11 ·4416-4423 · IF 3.269

A gold nanocluster-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for cysteine and homocysteine detection in living cells

Hui Yu,Yan Liu,Jiamin Wang,Qing Liang,Hong Liu,Jian Xu,Shijun Shao

A novel organic–inorganic ratiometric fluorescent probe AuNCs–NBD was developed for the detection of cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy). In our design, the AuNCs–NBD exhibited dual-emission fluorescence properties with a single excitation. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with carboxyl groups were employed as a reference signal unit and conjugated with the p-aminothiophenol substituted NBD (7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole) moiety to form the ratiometric fluorescent probe. The AuNCs–NBD composite showed a single red fluorescence at 630 nm ascribed to AuNCs, and reaction of AuNCs–NBD with Cys and Hcy caused the cleavage of the thioether bond and therefore generated the fluorescent amino linked NBD with emission at 540 nm. Accordingly, the green fluorescence of released NBD at 540 nm gradually increased upon increasing the concentration of Cys or Hcy, while the red fluorescence ascribed to AuNCs at 630 nm remained constant, which resulted in the ratiometric determination of Cys and Hcy using the AuNCs–NBD probe. Due to the specific recognition of NBD with Cys and Hcy, the AuNCs–NBD probe exhibited high selectivity for Cys and Hcy over other amino acids and GSH. In addition, the AuNCs–NBD composite displayed desirable properties such as high specificity, appreciable solubility, ratiometric fluorescence response and favorable detection limit. Moreover, the AuNCs–NBD probe has been successfully applied for monitoring and imaging of intracellular Cys and Hcy in HeLa cells.

研究领域: 分析化学 · 生物医学 · 细胞生物学
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS · 2016 · IF 7.476

An aldehyde group-based P-acid probe for selective fluorescence turn-on sensing of cysteine and homocysteine

Chunlei Yang,Xiu Wang,Lei Shen,Wenping Deng,Haiyun Liu,Shenguang Ge,Mei Yan,Xianrang Song

A highly sensitive and selective turn on fluorescent probe P-acid-aldehyde (P-CHO) is developed for the determination of cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy). The probe is designed and synthesized by incorporating the specific functional group aldehyde group for thiols into a stable π-conjugated material 4,4′-(2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene) bis(ethyne-2,1-diyl) dibenzoic acid (P-acid). The probe fluorescence is quenched through donor photoinduced electron transfer (d-PET) between the fluorophore (P-acid) and the recognition group (aldehyde group). In the presence of thiols, Cys and Hcy can selectively react with aldehyde group of the probe because the inhibition of d-PET between fluorophore and recognition group. Therefore, a turn-on fluorescent sensor was established for the fluorescence recovery. Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescence response of probe is directly proportional to the concentration of Cys in the range of 4–95   nM   L −1 , with a detection limit 3.0   nM. In addition, the sensing system exhibits good selectively toward Cys and Hcy in the presence of other amino acids . It has been successfully applied for bioimaging of Cys and Hcy in living cells with low cell toxicity.

研究领域: 生物化学 · 分析化学
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ANALYTICAL SCIENCES · 2021 ·Vol. 37 ·期 11 ·1541-1546 · IF 2.081

A Fast Dual-responsive OFF-ON Fluorescent Probe for Cysteine and Glutathione without Interference from Homocysteine

Qingjie FU,Ruxin LIU,Xiaoqian CUI,Yuqi ZHAO,Hui CHI,Yongzhuang LU,Qiang FEI,Guodong FENG,Hongyan SHAN,Yanfu HUAN

Abnormal levels of biothiols, such as cysteine (Cys), homocystine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH), are generally known to result in various diseases. A fast dual-responsive OFF-ON fluorescent probe HBO-AC was synthesized and developed. Non-fluorescent HBO-AC can sense Cys by regaining fluorescence at 444 nm within 10 min and a response to GSH by restoring fluorescence at 349 nm within 20 min. There is no mutual interference with Δλ ca. 100 nm. A novel method was developed by utilizing a low reaction rate between HBO-AC and Hcy to eliminate common interference from Hcy. A successful determination of Cys and GSH in fetal bovine serum (FBS) indicated that the probe had potential application for clinical diagnosis. Moreover, it was confirmed that HBO-AC can resist interference from protein to some extent, since FBS was not pretreated before use.

CAS / MDL: 8017-16-1
研究领域: 分析化学 · 生物医学 · 临床诊断
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL · 2019 · IF 6.393

A simple ratiometric fluorescent sensor selectively compatible of different combinations of characteristic groups for identification of glutathione, cysteine and homocysteine

Ying Wu,Yuhuan Zhang,Lan Wang,Yuchen Huyan,Hongjuan Li,Zhichao Pei,Yanfeng Tang,Shiguo Sun,Yongqian Xu

Simultaneous detection of biothiols would be helpful for understanding their biological functions and pathological study of related diseases. The structural similarities of biothiols present a great challenge to achieve their selective detection. Herein, we report a simple acrylate-substituted fluorescent sensor BTHA with one recognition site and an assisted neighboring hydroxy group for this purpose. BTHA exhibited an emission band at 507 nm with a 147 nm Stokes shift. Upon addition of glutathione (GSH) or cysteine (Cys), deacrylate product was obtained and new fluorescent band at 459 nm occurred. The addition reaction product with decreased fluorescence was achieved as BTHA was treated with homocysteine (Hcy). BTHA acts with the mercapto group of Cys, the mercapto and amino group of Hcy , and the mercapto and carboxyl group of GSH, respectively. Correspondingly, different ratiometric fluorescence changes (I 459 /I 507 ) with these biothiols was produced. Using the two-dimensional map with two channel signals, BTHA can simultaneous distinguish GSH, Cys and Hcy . The sensor BTHA can also be used for exogenous and endogenous GSH imaging with ratiometric fluorescence response in live cells.

研究领域: 生物化学 · 医学诊断 · 分子生物学
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY · 2024 · IF 6.7

Simultaneous SERS Sensing of Cysteine and Homocysteine in Blood Based on the CBT-Cys Click Reaction: Toward Precisive Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

Biao Zhang,Jun Cao,Si-Jie Liao,Peng-Cheng Zhou,Yu-Ting Shen,Wei Yu,Wei Li,Ai-Guo Shen

At present, there is a lack of sufficiently specific laboratory diagnostic indicators for schizophrenia. Serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been found to be related to schizophrenia. Cysteine (Cys) is a demethylation product in the metabolism of Hcy, and they always coexist with highly similar structures in vivo. There are few reports on the use of Cys as a diagnostic biomarker for schizophrenia in collaboration with Hcy, mainly because the rapid, economical, accurate, and high-throughput simultaneous detection of Cys and Hcy in serum is highly challenging. Herein, a click reaction-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensor was developed for simultaneous and selective detection of Cys and Hcy. Through the efficient and specific CBT-Cys click reaction between the probe containing cyan benzothiazole and Cys/Hcy, the tiny methylene difference between the molecular structures of Cys and Hcy was converted into the difference between the ring skeletons of the corresponding products that could be identified by plasmonic silver nanoparticle enhanced molecular fingerprint spectroscopy to realize discriminative detection. Furthermore, the SERS sensor was successfully applied to the detection in related patient serum samples, and it was found that the combined analysis of Cys and Hcy can improve the diagnostic accuracy of schizophrenia compared to a single indicator.

研究领域: 医学诊断 · 分析化学 · 生物医学工程
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DYES AND PIGMENTS · 2012 · IF 3.126

Highly selective and sensitive fluorescent sensing of N-acetylcysteine: Effective discrimination of N-acetylcysteine from cysteine

Weihua Dong,Hui Wen,Xiao-Feng Yang,Hua Li

A highly selective fluorescent probe for the effective discrimination of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) from cysteine (Cys) is proposed. Probe 1 contains an N,N-diethylrhodol ( DER ) dye and a dinitrophenyl ether moiety. Upon mixing with NAC in aqueous cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micellar solution , 1 was thiolyzed by NAC to release DER , thus affording a significant increase in fluorescence emission . Whereas for Cys, it gives only a dim response at the same reaction conditions. The significant difference in reaction rates can be explained via the fact that NAC shows more hydrophobicity than Cys, therefore the Meisenheimer complex intermediate ( 2a ) of its nucleophilic aromatic substitution with 1 can embed in CTAB micelles effectively, which will facilitate the formation of 2a and hence affords an acceleration of reaction rates. The proposed method shows an excellent selectivity for NAC over Cys, homocysteine (Hcy) and other amino acids.

CAS / MDL: 91-68-9
研究领域: 生物化学 · 分析化学
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL · 2019 · IF 3.206

Simple and fast determination of biothiols using Fe3+-3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine as a colorimetric probe

Mengling Lin,Yingjie Guo,Zhiyong Liang,Xuesong Zhao,Jianan Chen,Yilin Wang

Biothiols, generally including glutathione (GSH), cysteine (CySH), and homocysteine (HcySH), are important biomarkers and closely related to many diseases. In this work, a simple method for the spectrophotometric determination of the three biothiols was developed. The proposed method was based on the fact that Fe 3+ could oxidize 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to oxidized TMB (ox-TMB) and induce a blue color solution corresponding to an absorption peak centered at 652 nm. However, the introduction of a biothiol compound could cause the reduction of ox-TMB which resulted in a blue color fading and a decrease of the absorbance. Based on this finding, we developed a method for the determination of biothiols with the help of UV–vis spectroscopy, and the influence of different factors including pH, temperature, and incubation time was studied when glutathione worked as an example. The detection limits for GSH, CySH, and HcySH were 1.04, 0.82, and 2.09 μM, respectively. More importantly, the suggested method was successfully applied for the determination of GSH in human serum samples with the recovery of 97%–112%. This method is simple, fast and without the use of complicated nanomaterials .

研究领域: 分析化学 · 医学 · 生物学
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL · 2020 · IF 3.594

A new strategy for the detection and discrimination of sulfhydryl amino acids through liquid crystals sensing platform with Cu(ClO4)2

Hui Ma,Ronghua Zhang,Qi Kang,Tao Wang,Jianhong Xiao,Xuezhi Li,Li Yu

A facile, low-cost and label-free liquid crystals (LCs) sensing platform laden with Cu(ClO 4 ) 2 was herein established for detection and distinction of sulfhydryl amino acids, namely cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy). When introducing Cys or Hcy to the fluid interface with Cu(ClO 4 ) 2 , the optical appearance of LCs exhibited a bright-to-dark transition, which coupled to the interactions between Cu 2+ and the sulphydryl of amino acids. Concomitantly with, the orientation of LCs varied from tilted to homeotropic state. Besides, this sensor system did not respond to other nineteen amino acids that make up human proteins. The detection limit of Cys and Hcy is around 0.01 mg/mL (~82.5 μM) and 0.05 mg/mL (~370.0 μM), respectively. Compared with Cys, the as-prepared LCs sensing platform shows a higher detection limit and longer response time for Hcy, based on which these two sulfhydryl amino acids can be distinguished from each other. This can be attributed to the additional methylene for Hcy, resulting in formation of a five-membered ring Hcy thiolactone which may not chelate with Cu 2+ . The LCs-based analytical platform constructed in this work can provide a convenient and label-free method for detecting and differentiating sulfhydryl amino acids.

研究领域: 分析化学 · 生物传感 · 医学检测
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MOLECULES · 2025 ·Vol. 30 ·期 6 ·1309 · IF 4.6

Smart Probes for Ultrasensitive and Highly Selective Sensing of Homocysteine over Cysteine Based on Multi-Cooperative Effects by Using Gold Nanoparticles

Manman Sun,Peihao Zhang,Zeze Xie,Pengcheng Zhang,Zhendong Li,Zhiguang Yang,Hongyu Chen

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a biothiol that plays a vital role in many physiological processes and is involved in a variety of diseases. However, it is significantly difficult to discriminate Hcy from cysteine (Cys) due to their similar chemical structures (only one methylene difference) and reactivity. In this study, a novel nanosensor was proposed to discriminate Hcy from Cys with multi-cooperative effects by using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The discrimination effect for Hcy originates from the interaction difference of the hydrogen bonding, steric hindrance, and carbon chain length in Hcy and Cys with AuNPs. Under the best conditions, this nanosensor has two unique advantages. Firstly, the sensor exhibits high sensitivity with detection limits of 0.1 μM through naked-eye determination and 0.008 μM through UV−vis spectroscopy analysis. Secondly, the sensor showed superior selectivity for Hcy over the other 16 natural amino acids (biothiol-containing Cys and glutathione (GSH)), and it is the first time to clearly distinguish Hcy from Cys (the Cys concentration is 40 times higher than Hcy). Furthermore, the system was further employed to detect Hcy in human serum, and the result was in agreement with that tested by clinicians via enzymatic assays, with acceptable recovery.

研究领域: 生物化学 · 医学诊断 · 纳米技术
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Advanced Science · 2025 · IF 14.1

Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Detection of ATP, Cys, Hcy, and GSH: Advancing Insights into Epilepsy and Liver Injury

Ting Yu,Yang Li,Jing Li,Yabing Gan,Zhengze Long,Yun Deng,Youyu Zhang,Haitao Li,Peng Yin,Shouzhuo Yao

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a critical intracellular energy currency that plays a key role in various cellular processes and is closely associated with numerous diseases. Similarly, biothiols such as glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), and homocysteine (Hcy) are integral to many physiological and pathological processes due to their strong redox properties. Simultaneous discrimination and detection of ATP and biothiols offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis of conditions such as epilepsy and liver injury. This study introduces the first fluorescent probe, BCR , designed for multifunctional detection of ATP, GSH, Hcy, and Cys. With outstanding optical properties, excellent biocompatibility, high selectivity, and superior sensitivity, probe BCR enables effective imaging of ATP and biothiol dynamics in vivo. Moreover, probe BCR successfully visualizes changes in ATP, GSH, Hcy, and Cys levels in a PTZ-induced epileptic zebrafish model and an APAP-induced mouse liver injury tissue section model. These findings underscore the significant potential of probe BCR for early disease diagnosis and therapeutic applications.

研究领域: 生物化学 · 医学诊断 · 药理学
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