Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2021
·Vol. 9
·期 7
·4138-4149
·
IF 12.732
Jiankai Zhang,Huangzhong Yu
The excessive energy loss (Eloss) mainly resulting from the energetic offsets between different layers and defect state-induced charge trapping and recombination limits the further development of perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). In this work, three solution-processed thiophene-based interlayers were firstly introduced to reduce the Eloss in PVSCs by optimizing the surface electronic states of the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL) and improving the MAPbI3 film quality. The thiophene-based interlayers improve the conductivity and reduce the work function of SnO2 ETLs, resulting in more efficient electron transportation. Downward band-bending occurs at the SnO2/MAPbI3 interface owing to the permanent dipole moment of these interlayers, which enables more efficient charge carrier extraction and lower Eloss for PVSCs. In addition, the sulfur atoms of the thiophene rings with a lone pair of electrons can bond with the under-coordinated Pb2+ of MAPbI3, thus passivating the ion defect states and reducing the defect state-induced charge carrier trapping and recombination at the SnO2/MAPbI3 interface. These interlayers change the hydrophilicity of the SnO2 surface and promote the formation of high quality MAPbI3 films with larger grain size and fewer grain boundaries, improving the stability of PVSCs. Combining these desirable advantages, the optimized MAPbI3-based PVSCs achieve a highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.61% with a high open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.117 V and fill factor (FF) over 80%, which is higher than that of the pristine PVSCs with a highest PCE of 17.54%. The optimized PVSCs without any encapsulation show higher thermal and humidity stability compared with the pristine PVSCs. Therefore, this work demonstrates an effective way to reduce Eloss, as well as improving both the performance and stability of PVSCs by utilizing thiophene-based interlayers to modify the interface of SnO2/MAPbI3.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Solar RRL
·
2020
·Vol. 4
·期 7
·2000016
·
IF 7.527
Chong Liu,Jiajun He,Miao Wu,Yuanchuang Wu,Pengcheng Du,Limin Fan,Qin Zhang,Duofa Wang,Tianjin Zhang
The energy loss of all-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells is large, which reduces the open-circuit voltage and photoelectron conversion efficiency of the device. Herein, it is found that the cathode electron transfer speed is much lower than the anode hole transfer speed in CsPbI 2 Br perovskite solar cell with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass/SnO 2 /CsPbI 2 Br/carbon structure, which induces charge accumulation at the cathode and energy loss of the device accordingly. By introducing a new conductive polymer additive polyaniline (PANI) to the CsPbI 2 Br film, the electron transfer speed at the cathode is enhanced, resulting in balanced charge transfer at both electrodes and reduced energy loss of the device. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurement reveals that the PANI pushes the conduction band minimum of CsPbI 2 Br upward, leading to stronger driving force for electron extraction. Therefore, the nonradiative recombination at the SnO 2 /CsPbI 2 Br interface is greatly suppressed. In addition, PANI can also effectively passivate defects and promote the crystal quality of CsPbI 2 Br, leading to reduced nonradiative recombination in perovskite materials. Accordingly, the optimized all-inorganic CsPbI 2 Br solar cell delivers a high V oc of 1.33 V and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.52%.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Energy Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 23
·2000687
·
IF 25.245
Jianming Yang,Shaobing Xiong,Jingnan Song,Hongbo Wu,Yihan Zeng,Linyang Lu,Kongchao Shen,Tianyu Hao,Zaifei Ma,Feng Liu,Chungang Duan,Mats Fahlman,Qinye Bao
2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (RPPs) are emerging as potential challengers to their 3D counterpart due to superior stability and competitive efficiency. However, the fundamental questions on energetics of the 2D RPPs are not well understood. Here, the energetics at (PEA) 2 (MA) n −1 Pb n I 3 n +1 /[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) interfaces with varying n values of 1, 3, 5, 40, and ∞ are systematically investigated. It is found that n–n junctions form at the 2D RPP interfaces ( n = 3, 5, and 40), instead of p–n junctions in the pure 2D and 3D scenarios ( n = 1 and ∞). The potential gradient across phenethylammonium iodide ligands that significantly decreases surface work function, promotes separation of the photogenerated charge carriers with electron transferring from perovskite crystal to ligand at the interface, reducing charge recombination, which contributes to the smallest energy loss and the highest open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) in the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on the 2D RPP ( n = 5)/PCBM. The mechanism is further verified by inserting a thin 2D RPP capping layer between pure 3D perovskite and PCBM in PSCs, causing the V oc to evidently increase by 94 mV. Capacitance–voltage measurements with Mott–Schottky analysis demonstrate that such V oc improvement is attributed to the enhanced potential at the interface.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Jingxuan Zhang,Yeming Huang,Renhong Wang,Sirun zhang,Dunju Wang
Various countries have highly valued 3D printing technology due to its ability to achieve precise control and accurate formation of specialized and functional explosive structures, which changes the traditional manufacturing concept and improves the level of continuous, automated, integrated, and flexible manufacturing of explosives. However, the energy loss during 3D printing of energy-containing materials and the destruction of the inter-particle network during extrusion have become key issues restricting their development. As one of the key components of explosives 3D printing, the binder has a critical role in the molding speed, stability, and structural stability of explosives formulations. In this paper, the energy loss of the explosives’ printing process was effectively weakened by the addition of an energy-containing binder. The UV-assisted direct ink writing is used for 3D printing of PUA/PGN/RDX explosive formulations, which effectively avoids the problem of easy destruction of the particle network when the material is extruded. The experimental results show that the formulation has good rheological properties and high relative density. The printed samples are tightly linked and uniformly dispersed between particles under SEM observation, and the formulation has excellent exothermic properties, as demonstrated by DSC and combustion tests. The introduction of energy-containing binders can stimulate the development of extensive 3D printing of energy-containing materials and diverse printing methods.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
爆炸物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 19
Yaru Li,Yong Zhang,Peide Zhu,Jingbai Li,Jiawen Wu,Jiyao Zhang,Xianyong Zhou,Zhengyan Jiang,Xingzhu Wang,Baomin Xu
CsPbI 2 Br perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention owing to their remarkable thermal stability and desirable bandgap. However, CsPbI 2 Br-based devices still face critical challenges, particularly at the interfaces between the active layer and adjacent components. In this study, a multifunctional ZnO composition has developed as the electron transporting layer (ETL) for CsPbI 2 Br PSCs, enabling simultaneous efficient charge extraction and passivation of buried interface defects in CsPbI 2 Br. The nanocomposite, composed of PbCl 2 -modified ZnO (PbCl 2 -ZnO), facilitates the regulation of bandgap and conduction band to align the energy level of ETL and CsPbI 2 Br. Additionally, the residual PbCl 2 at the buried interface of the perovskite incorporates into the perovskite lattice, reducing I defect and thus improving film quality. The improved energy level alignment at the ETL/CsPbI 2 Br interface and the suppressed I defect-induced carrier nonradiative recombination result in a remarkable reduction in energy loss from 0.73 to 0.52 eV. Finally, the PbCl 2 -ZnO hybrid nanocomposite ETL significantly enhances the efficiency of CsPbI 2 Br PSCs, increasing it from 14.15% to 17.46%, representing one of the highest reported power conversion efficiency (PCE) values for CsPbI 2 Br PSCs. These findings demonstrate the potential of PbCl 2 -ZnO hybrid nanocomposite as an effective ETL for CsPbI 2 Br PSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Research
·
2021
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·1310-1318
·
IF 8.897
Ullah Sami,Liu Yu,Hasan Maria,Zeng Wenwen,Shi Qitao,Yang Xiaoqin,Fu Lei,Ta Huy Q.,Lian Xueyu,Sun Jingyu,Yang Ruizhi,Liu Lijun,Rümmeli Mark H.
Graphene doping continues to gather momentum because it enables graphene properties to be tuned, thereby affording new properties to, improve the performance of, and expand the application potential of graphene. Graphene can be chemically doped using various methods such as surface functionalization, hybrid composites (e.g., nanoparticle decoration), and substitution doping, wherein C atoms are replaced by foreign ones in the graphene lattice. Theoretical works have predicted that graphene could be substitutionally doped by aluminum (Al) atoms, which could hold promise for exciting applications, including hydrogen storage and evolution, and supercapacitors. Other theoretical predictions suggest that Al substitutionally doped graphene (AlG) could serve as a material for gas sensors and the catalytic decomposition of undesirable materials. However, fabricating Al substitutionally doped graphene has proven challenging until now. Herein, we demonstrate how controlled-flow chemical vapor deposition (CVD) implementing a simple solid precursor can yield high-quality and large-area monolayer AlG, and this synthesis is unequivocally confirmed using various characterization methods including local electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). Detailed high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) shows numerous bonding configurations between the Al atoms and the graphene lattice, some of which are not theoretically predicted. Furthermore, the produced AlG shows a CO 2 capturability superior to those of other substitutionally doped graphenes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2024
·
IF 14
Peng Wang,Shafidah Shafian,Feng Qiu,Xiao Zhang,Yuping Zhao,Bin Wu,Kyungkon Kim,Yong Hua,Lin Xie
2,2′,7,7′-Tetrakis( N , N -di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro) is an essential hole-transport material used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the redox reaction of Spiro and its impact at the interface with the metal electrode are not yet fully understood. In this study, we introduced a crystalline additive (CA) to regulate the redox process of Spiro and its interface with an Ag electrode. Our findings indicate that CA functions as a molecular scaffold, improving the crystallinity and stability of radicals in Spiro throughout the entire redox reaction. This enhancement increases the hole mobility of Spiro and strengthens the internal electric field, thereby improving hole extraction and transport efficiency at both interfaces. Moreover, the optimized redox reaction of Spiro reduces energy loss at the Ag electrode, significantly boosting the power conversion efficiency to 25.21%. Furthermore, CA mitigates the aggregation of lithium salt and enhances the stability of the device. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of hole-transport mechanisms of Spiro and emphasize the importance of reducing energy loss at the Spiro/Ag electrode interface in PSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源研究
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2019
·
IF 5.383
Guodong Su,Benlin He,Zekun Gong,Yang Ding,Jialong Duan,Yuanyuan Zhao,Haiyan Chen,Qunwei Tang
Carbon-based all-inorganic CsPbBr 3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted growing interests due to low cost and excellent tolerances toward moisture, temperature, oxygen and ultraviolet light. However, carrier recombination of CsPbBr 3 film and large energy level differences at CsPbBr 3 /carbon interface are still the most crucial problem for further enhancement of power conversion efficiency. In the current study, an intermediate energy level at CsPbBr 3 /carbon interface and CsPbBr 3 film passivation are employed by coating hexane solution of CsPbBr x I 3-x nanocrystals (NCs) on the perovskite layer. Through systematic study on interfacial engineering , it is found that CsPbBr x I 3-x NCs with tunable energy level can remarkably reduce energy loss and hexane under passivation treatment can enlarge perovskite grain size as well as reduce trap state density. A champion power conversion efficiency of 9.45% is achieved for CsPbI 3 NCs tailored all-inorganic CsPbBr 3 PSC in comparison with 5.26% for NCs-free device, with the unencapsulated carbon-based CsPbBr 3 PSC exhibiting remarkable long-term stability over 900 h in 80% relative humidity air atmosphere at 25 °C. This work provides an effective approach to promote charge extraction and reduce defect states density as well as enhance the performance of PSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 21
·12078-12084
·
IF 3.049
Haicheng Yang,Xinyue Zhou,Tianqi Hui,Yingying Han,Xiaonan Jiang,Jie Yan
At present, we have realized that the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) achieves the purpose of fluorescence enhancement by restricting rotations to reduce intermolecular or intramolecular energy loss. Based on this idea, we synthesized a novel fluorene-based fluorescent compound with a restricted rotor rotation on the stator through the Suzuki coupling reaction. The luminescence effect was evaluated by comparing its fluorescence intensity with that of the control compound. Finally, theoretical calculations showed that the presence of methyl groups hindered the thermal rotation of the fluorenyl groups. Thus, the results indicated that the fluorescence of this compound was better than that of the control compound. A new synthetic pathway for high-efficiency AIE-based fluorescent luminogens has been developed.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
·
2017
·
IF 9.466
Yunlong Ma,Meiqi Zhang,Yabing Tang,Wei Ma,Qingdong Zheng
The utilization of low bandgap copolymers has been considered as one of the most efficient ways to increase power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of fullerene-based polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, an increase in the short-circuit current (JSC) value is usually counteracted by a decrease in the open-circuit voltage (VOC), which limits a further PCE enhancement of fullerene-based PSCs. As a result, nonfullerene acceptors with wide-range tunable energy levels are used as alternatives to the traditional fullerene acceptors to overcome the negative trade-off between the JSC and VOC. Here, a novel nonfullerene acceptor is developed by using an angular-shaped dithienonaphthalene flanked by electron-withdrawing 3-ethylrhodanine units via benzothiadiazole bridges. The obtained nonfullerene acceptor exhibits a high-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of −3.75 eV with enhanced absorption. In combination with a benchmark low bandgap copolymer (PTB7-Th), a high PCE of 9.51% with a large VOC of 1.08 V was achieved for the nonfullerene PSCs, demonstrating an extremely low energy loss of 0.50 eV, which is the lowest among all high-performance (PCE > 8%) polymer-based systems with similar optical bandgaps. The results demonstrate the bright future of our nonfullerene acceptor as an alternative to the fullerene derivatives for PSCs with large JSC and VOC values and improved device stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Functional Diamond
·
2022
·
IF 0
Zhiqiang Hou,Haikuo Wang,Yao Tang,Jiakun Wu,Chao Wang,Zhicai Zhang,Xiaoping Ouyang
Carbon, the fourth most abundant element in the Universe, possesses numerous allotropes with diverse bonding character (sp1-, sp2- and sp3-hybridized bonds) and structural motif of the constituting atoms. In particular, the carbon materials with a fully or nearly 100% sp3-hybridized strong C-C bonds often lead to excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, thermal and optical properties, such as crystalline diamond and diamond-like amorphous carbon (DLC). In this review, we systematically summarize the synthesis, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal and optical properties of ultrahard carbon materials with current experimental results on nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD), nanotwinned diamond (NTD), micro-grained polycrystalline diamond (MPD), and amorphous diamond/carbon. In addition, we discuss the difference of spectra of XRD, Raman and EELS between various nanocrystalline diamond powder and ultrahard carbon materials. Finally, we provide our insights into the future development and applications in the research of ultrahard carbon bulk materials by high-pressure and high-temperature techniques according to the current advantages, limitations and challenges in the experiment.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
凝聚态物理
·
光谱学
✓ 已验证
DOI
Nanoscale
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·1676-1686
·
IF 8.307
Zhaoning Li,Qin Tan,Guocong Chen,Han Gao,Jiafeng Wang,Xusheng Zhang,Jingwei Xiu,Wei Chen,Zhubing He
For inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the interfacial defects and mismatched energy levels between the perovskite absorber and charge-selective layer restrain the further improvement of photovoltaic performance. Interfacial modification is a powerful tool for defect passivation and energy level turning by developing new charge-selective materials. Herein, we report three new molecules, 2BrCzPA, 2BrPTZPA, and 2BrPXZPA as self-assembled hole selective contacts (SA-HSCs) by an economical and efficient synthetic procedure. Benefiting from the stronger electron-donating ability of phenothiazine and phenoxazine compared to that of carbazole, 2BrPTZPA and 2BrPXZPA showed more matched energy levels and decreased energy loss. In addition, the ITO substrate coated with 2BrPTZPA and 2BrPXZPA could induce higher-quality perovskite crystal growth without obvious grain boundaries in the vertical direction. Consequently, the corresponding inverted PSCs with decreased trap state density achieved high power convention efficiencies (PCEs) of 22.06% and 22.93% (certified 22.38%) for 2BrPTZPA and 2BrPXZPA, respectively. Furthermore, the 2BrPXZPA-based device with encapsulation retained 97% of the initial efficiency after 600 h of maximum power point tracking under one sun continuous illumination. Finally, 2BrPXZPA was also used for the surface modification of NiOx, and the inverted PSC based on the NiOx/2BrPXZPA bilayer achieved a higher PCE of 23.66% with an open circuit voltage of 1.21 V. This work extends the design strategy of SA-HSCs for efficient and stable inverted PSCs and promotes the commercialization process.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
·
有机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）