Insects
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2022
·Vol. 13
·期 12
·1091
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IF 3.139
Lin-Yu Yang,Xiao-Jie Yang,Zi-Shun Zhao,Qi-Lin Zhang
Simple SummaryTo date, it is rare to study the effects of environmental toxicants (e.g., abamectin, a widely used pesticide) on mitochondrial energy metabolism in vitro from a subcellular level in insects, especially from an omics perspective (e.g., metabolomics) due to insufficient samples of mitochondria. The fat body of the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) plays an important role for detoxification, with responses of critical subcellular components (e.g., mitochondria) to abamectin. WhenB. germanicawere fed abamectin, their in vitro mitochondrial morphology was affected, with changes in activity of key enzymes involved in energy metabolism. Furthermore, metabonomic analysis of in vitro mitochondria ofB. germanicauncovered a set of metabolites and their pathways related to mitochondrial energy metabolism in response to abamectin feeding/stress. These molecules and pathways were primarily involved in ATP production and energy consumption including oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway. The current work is a good example of investigations on subcellular toxicology from multiple perspectives (morphology, physiology, and metabolomics).AbstractMitochondria are the leading organelle for energy metabolism. The toxic effects of environmental toxicants on mitochondrial morphology, energy metabolism, and their determination of cell fate have already been broadly studied. However, minimal research exists on effects of environmental toxicants such as pesticides on mitochondrial energy metabolism at in vitro subcellular level, particularly from an omics perspectives (e.g., metabolomics). Here, German cockroach (Blattella germanica) was fed diets with (0.01 and 0.001 mg/mL) and without abamectin, and highly purified fat body mitochondria were isolated. Swelling measurement confirmed abnormal mitochondrial swelling caused by abamectin stress. The activity of two key mitochondrial energy metabolism-related enzymes, namely succinic dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, was significantly affected. The metabolomic responses of the isolated mitochondria to abamectin were analyzed via untargeted liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics technology. Fifty-two differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in the mitochondria between the 0.001 mg/mL abamectin-fed and the control groups. Many of these DMs were significantly enriched in pathways involved in ATP production and energy consumption (e.g., oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway). Nineteen of the DMs were typically related to energy metabolism. This study is valuable for further understanding mitochondrial toxicology under environmental toxicants, particularly its subcellular level.Keywords:fat body mitochondria;Blattella germanica;abamectin feeding;energy metabolism;toxic response
研究领域:
毒理学
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代谢组学
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昆虫生理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
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2022
·Vol. 30
·期 15
·42587-42595
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IF 5.19
Yu Haikuo,Yang Xianmei,Dai Jinghua,Li Yuning,Veeran Sethuraman,Lin Jintian,Shu Benshui
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, has become a worldwide pest and threatens world food production. A previous study indicated that azadirachtin, the most effective botanical insecticide for S. frugiperda , inhibits larval growth of the insect. The effect of azadirachtin on the tissues of the larvae, however, remains to be determined. In this study, the effects of azadirachtin on the structure of fat bodies were analyzed. Comparative transcriptomic analysis was conducted between controls and samples treated with 0.1 μg/g azadirachtin for 7 days to explore potential relevant mechanisms. The expression of 5356 genes was significantly affected after azadirachtin treatment, with 3020 up-regulated and 2336 down-regulated. Among them, 137 encode detoxification enzymes, including 53 P450s , 20 GSTs , 27 CarEs , 16 UGTs , and 12 ABC transporters . Our results indicated that azadirachtin could destroy fat body structure and change the mRNA levels of detoxification-related genes. The up-regulated genes encoding detoxification enzymes might be related to detoxifying azadirachtin. Our results elucidate a preliminary mechanism of azadirachtin detoxification in the fat bodies of S. frugiperda larvae.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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毒理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2023
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IF 8.2
Ling Jia,Wei Lu,Dan Hu,Min Feng,Aoming Wang,Ruolin Wang,Hao Sun,Pan Wang,Qingyou Xia,Sanyuan Ma
Synthetic biology is an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for the production of compounds, particularly used when the production processes involve toxic reagents. In this study, we used the silk gland of silkworm to produce indigoidine, a valuable natural blue pigment that cannot be synthesized naturally in animals. We genetically engineered these silkworms by integrating the indigoidine synthetase ( idgS ) gene from S. lavendulae and the PPTase ( Sfp ) gene from B. subtilis into the silkworm genome. In the resulting Blue silkworm, indigoidine was detected at a high level in the posterior silk gland (PSG), spanning all developmental stages from larvae to adults, without affecting silkworm growth or development. This synthesized indigoidine was secreted from the silk gland and subsequently stored in the fat body, with only a small fraction being excreted by the Malpighian tubule. Metabolomic analysis revealed that Blue silkworm efficiently synthesized indigoidine by upregulating l -glutamine, the precursor of indigoidine, and succinate, which is related to energy metabolism in the PSG. This study represents the first synthesis of indigoidine in an animal and therefore opens a new avenue for the biosynthesis of natural blue pigments and other valuable small molecules.
研究领域:
合成生物学
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遗传学
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生物技术
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昆虫学
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PubMed
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2020
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IF 7.1
Fei Zhang,Yaoming Liu,Binsheng Yang,Guangming Wen,Bin Liu
To recognize the lipid droplets (LDs) on the surface of trachea and realize the visualization of trachea, three TPA-based red/NIR fluorophores with high electron donor-acceptor (D-A) strength were designed and synthesized. These molecules showed donor-donor-π-acceptor (D 1 -D 2 -π-A) structure with the character of twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). The photophysical experiment displayed that they had aggregation-induced emission (AIE) performance with red/NIR fluorescence. These AIEgens showed high sensitivity to LDs in living PC12 cells and excised corpus adiposum of Locusta migratoria . The visualization of the trachea is realized due to the large number of LDs distributed on the surface. Also, such compounds can effectively produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the irradiation of white light, demonstrating the potential photodynamic therapy (PDT) application on cancer cells. Moreover, the simulated experiment of ROS transferring from LDs simulator (trioctanoin) to cytoplasmic matrix (PBS) was carried out.
研究领域:
化学
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生物学
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材料科学
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光疗
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昆虫生理学
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DOI
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2022
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IF 4.966
Bin Liu,Hui Chen
Bark beetles rely on detoxifying enzymes to resist the defensive oleoresin terpenes of the host tree. Insect cytochrome P450 (CYPs) plays a key role in the detoxification of plant allelochemicals and pesticides. CYP6 family is unique to Insecta, and its biochemical function is basically related to catabolize heterologous substances. In this study, two Dendroctonus armandi CYP6 genes, CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2, were characterized. Spatiotemporal expression profiling revealed that CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 expressions were higher in larvae and adult stages of D. armandi than in egg and pupae stages, and that two genes predominantly expressed in brain , midgut, fat body, or Malpighian tubules . Moreover, CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 expressions were significantly induced after exposure to (+)- α -pinene. Importantly, silencing CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 significantly inhibited the CYP activity and increased the mortality in the adults fumigated with (+)- α -pinene. Additionally, piperonyl butoxide exposure to adults also increase the sensitivity after treatment with (+)- α -pinene, which led to a significant reduction of the CYP activity, resulting a significant increase in adult mortality. These results suggest that the CYP6 family plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of D. armandi to (+)- α -pinene, which may have implications for the development of novel therapeutics to control this important pest.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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生物化学
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分子生物学
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害虫管理
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2023
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IF 4.7
Zhihua Hao,Qingyu Lu,Yanyan Zhou,Yanting Liang,Yun Gao,Huanyan Ma,Yusong Xu,Huabing Wang
The widespread use of pesticides hampers the immune system of non-target organisms, however, there is a lack of common biomarkers to detect such effects. Myeloid differentiation primary response factor 88 (MyD88) is a crucial junction protein in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway , which plays an important role in the inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated MyD88 as a potential biomarker for pesticide-induced stress. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MyD88 was a conserved protein in the evolution of vertebrates and invertebrates. MyD88s usually have death domain (DD) and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. Bombyx mori ( B. mori ) is an important economic insect that is sensitive to toxic substances. We found microbial pesticides enhanced the expression level of MyD88 in B. mori . Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that MyD88 expression level was increased in the fatbody after dinotefuran exposure, a third-generation neonicotinoid pesticide. Moreover, the expression of MyD88 was upregulated in fatbody and midgut by imidacloprid , a first-generation neonicotinoid pesticide. Additionally, insect growth regulator (IGR) pesticides, such as methoprene and fenoxycarb , could induce MyD88 expression in the fatbody of B. mori . These results indicated that MyD88 is a potential biomarker for pesticide-induced stress in B. mori . This study provides novel insights into screening common biomarkers for multiple pesticide stresses and important implications for the development of more sustainable pest management strategies.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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毒理学
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分子生物学
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环境科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Insect Science
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2023
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IF 4
Xiaojin Pei,Tiantian Bai,Yuan Luo,Zhanfeng Zhang,Sheng Li,Yongliang Fan,Tong-Xian Liu
Lipid and sugar homeostasis is critical for insect development and survival. In this study, we characterized an acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase gene in Blattella germanica ( BgACC ) that is involved in both lipogenesis and sugar homeostasis. We found that BgACC was dominantly expressed in the fat body and integument, and was significantly upregulated after molting. Knockdown of BgACC in 5th-instar nymphs did not affect their normal molting to the next nymphal stage, but it caused a lethal phenotype during adult emergence. BgACC -RNA interference (RNAi) significantly downregulated total free fatty acid (FFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, and also caused a significant decrease of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). Repression of BgACC in adult females affected the development of oocytes and resulted in sterile females, but BgACC -RNAi did not affect the reproductive ability of males. Interestingly, knockdown of BgACC also changed the expression of insulin-like peptide genes ( BgILP s), which mimicked a physiological state of high sugar uptake. In addition, BgACC was upregulated when B. germanica were fed on a high sucrose diet, and repression of BgACC upregulated the expression of the glycogen synthase gene ( BgGlyS ). Moreover, BgACC -RNAi increased the circulating sugar levels and glycogen storage, and a longevity assay suggested that BgACC was important for the survival of B. germanica under conditions of high sucrose uptake. Our results confirm that BgACC is involved in multiple lipid biogenesis and sugar homeostasis processes, which further modulates insect reproduction and sugar tolerance. This study benefits our understanding of the crosstalk between lipid and sugar metabolism.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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生理学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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