Microbiome
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2023
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 15.5
Ma Jie,Zhou Miao,Song Zehe,Deng Yuankun,Xia Siting,Li Yunxia,Huang Xingguo,Xiao Dingfu,Yin Yulong,Yin Jie
Background Compared to that of bacteria, the role of gut fungi in obesity development remains unknown. Results Here, alterations in gut fungal biodiversity and composition were confirmed in obese pig models and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Antifungal drugs improved diet-induced obesity, while fungal reconstruction by cohousing or fecal microbiota transplantation maintained the obese phenotype in HFD-fed mice. Fungal profiling identified 5 fungal species associated with obesity. Specifically, Ascomycota _sp. and Microascaceae_ sp. were reduced in obese mice and negatively correlated with fat content. Oral supplementation with fungi was sufficient to prevent and treat diet-induced obesity. Clec7a , which is involved in fungal recognition, was highly expressed in HFD-fed mice. The Clec7a agonist accelerated diet-induced obesity, while Clec7a deficieny in mice resulted in resistance to diet-induced obesity and blocked the anti-obese effect of antifungal drugs and fungi. Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate that gut fungi/ Clec7a signaling is involved in diet-induced obesity and may have therapeutic implications as a biomarker for metabolic dysregulation in humans.
Video Abstract
研究领域:
微生物学
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代谢生物学
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免疫学
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DOI
高影响因子
iMeta
·
2024
·Vol. 3
·期 6
·e261
·
IF 23.7
Andong Zha,Ming Qi,Yuankun Deng,Hao Li,Nan Wang,Chengming Wang,Simeng Liao,Dan Wan,Xia Xiong,Peng Liao,Jing Wang,Yulong Yin,Bi'e Tan
Gut microbiome is crucial for lipid metabolism in humans and animals. However, how specific gut microbiota and their associated metabolites impact fat deposition remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that the colonic microbiome of lean and obese pigs differentially contributes to fat deposition, as evidenced by colonic microbiota transplantation experiments. Notably, the higher abundance of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum was significantly associated with lower backfat thickness in lean pigs. Microbial-derived lithocholic acid (LCA) species were also significantly enriched in lean pigs and positively correlated with the abundance of B. pseudocatenulatum . In a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice model, administration of live B. pseudocatenulatum decreased fat deposition and enhances colonic secondary bile acid biosynthesis. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of the bile salt hydrolase (BSH), which mediates secondary bile acid biosynthesis, impaired the anti-fat deposition effect of B. pseudocatenulatum in antibiotic-pretreated, HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, dietary LCA also decreased fat deposition in HFD-fed rats and obese pig models. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the anti-fat deposition role of B. pseudocatenulatum and identify BSH as a potential target for preventing excessive fat deposition in humans and animals. Graphical This figure highlights how gut microbiota and bile acids regulate fat deposition in lean and obese pigs. Lean pigs showed increased microbial-derived lithocholic acid (LCA) species and muricholic acid species, closely linked to the abundance of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum . In contrast, obese pigs exhibited gut microbiota favoring hyodeoxycholic acid species accumulation. In high-fat diet-fed mice, live B. pseudocatenulatum supplementation enhances secondary bile acid synthesis, especially LCA production, and reduces fat mass, while bile salt hydrolase (BSH) inhibition negates these effects. Dietary LCA similarly lowers fat deposition in obese pigs and rats. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the anti-fat deposition role of B. pseudocatenulatum and identify BSH as a potential target for preventing excessive fat deposition in humans and animals. Highlights The gut microbiota composition and function differ significantly between lean and obese pigs, and breed-specific microbiomes regulate fat deposition. Gut Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum protects against fat deposition by enhancing secondary bile acid biosynthesis. Dietary supplementation with lithocholic acid also helps prevent fat deposition.
研究领域:
营养学
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微生物学
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代谢研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.579
Mohan Zhang,Xin Yang,Wan Xu,Xiaobo Cai,Mingxiang Wang,Yuying Xu,Peilin Yu,Jun Zhang,Yifan Zheng,Jiang Chen,Jun Yang,Xinqiang Zhu
High sugar content in beverage or food can affect the aging process, and thus natural/artificial sweeteners are widely used as substitutes. However, whether sweeteners have such adverse effects as sugar remains to be clarified. Therefore, in the current study, three sulfa sweeteners, namely, saccharin sodium salt hydrate (SAC 2 ), sodium cyclamate (CYC 3 ) and acesulfame potassium (AceK 4 ) were evaluated for their effects on the lifespan, deposition of lipofuscin, exercise activity, food intake, and intestinal fat deposition (IFD 5 ) of Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans 6 ). It was shown that SAC at 0.3 and 10 mg/mL shortened the lifespan of C. elegans and impaired the exercise capacity, while at other concentrations no significant effects were observed. In contrast, CYC at 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/mL prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans. On the other hand, AceK at 1 mg/mL increased the lifespan of C. elegans , and could decrease both lipofuscin deposition and IFD in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicated that although SAC, CYC, and AceK all belong to the sulfa sweeteners, each has distinct effects on different physiological activities associated with aging, at least in C. elegans .
研究领域:
生物化学
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衰老研究
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营养学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Marine Science
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2021
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IF 4.912
Dong Yan-Zou,Xia Tian,Lin Ji-Bin,Wang Ling,Song Kai,Zhang Chun-Xiao
This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin (QUE) on fat deposition and the underlying mechanism. Fish were fed four test diets: normal fat diet (NFD), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg quercetin (QUE0.5 or QUE1.0). The results showed that HFD feeding resulted in poor growth and feed utilization while QUE treatment reversed this. The fat contents of serum and liver were increased by HFD and QUE supplementation significantly decreased fat content. Furthermore, gene expressions and ultrastructure observation showed that mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy were inhibited and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the HFD group. QUE can activate the biogenesis and autophagy of mitochondria and suppress ERS, which is related to its fat-lowering effect.
研究领域:
水产养殖
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营养学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food Science & Nutrition
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 2
·617-630
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IF 2.863
Xin Zhao,Zhifei Fu,Minghe Yao,Yu Cao,Tongtong Zhu,Rui Mao,Ming Huang,Yafen Pang,Xianghui Meng,Lin Li,Boli Zhang,Yuhong Li,Han Zhang
Dietary supplements are currently being used to ameliorate metabolic alterations via maintaining gut microflora balance. Mulberry leaf is known as medicine homologous food for its glucose- and lipid-modulating properties. However, the effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MP) on metabolic dysbiosis and gut microbiota are still poorly understood. After extraction and characterization, the beneficial effects of water-soluble MP were evaluated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. MP treatment could reduce adipose tissue, improve insulin resistance, and alleviate the pathological lesions in colon. Investigation of the underlying mechanism showed that MP modulated gut microbial community by 16S rRNA analysis and reversed the elevation of lipid indexes by plasma lipidomics analysis. Correlation analysis indicated that the abundance of seven key bacterial species and six lipids were closely associated with the metabolic traits, respectively. Overall, MP could ameliorate metabolic disorders, and modify the gut microbiota and lipids. This would greatly facilitate the utilization of MP as a functional food.
研究领域:
营养学
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微生物学
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代谢学
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药理学
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功能食品
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
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2021
·Vol. 27
·期 6
·2749-2758
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IF 3.497
Yan-Yu Zhang,Jun-Xian Wang,Jiong Ren,Jie Wang,Fang Qiao,Mei-Ling Zhang,Zhen-Yu Du
In aquaculture, excess lipid deposition in liver is a health damage in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ). Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) has been proved to stimulate lipid catabolism and alleviate fatty liver in rodents and human. Our present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Pparα activation via dietary fenofibrate stimulation on hepatic lipid catabolism in largemouth bass. Total 240 fish (10.7 ± 0.2 g) were randomly divided into eight tanks and fed two diets (control and control containing 5 g/kg fenofibrate), respectively, for 4 weeks. Dietary fenofibrate increased Pparα protein and mitochondrial DNA amounts. The weight gain rate and carcass ratio of fish with Pparα activation decreased, but viscerosomatic index and hepatosomatic index were higher in the fenofibrate-fed fish than the control. Pparα activation significantly reduced triglyceride levels in the serum and liver but did not change the lipid composition in liver. Moreover, hepatic glycogen accumulation was found in the fish with Pparα activation. The Pparα activation also had health benefits for liver, as reflected by reducing serum ALT and AST activities, and increasing antioxidative ability in liver. Our results showed that in largemouth bass, Pparα can be activated and the Pparα activation could efficiently stimulate lipid catabolism and reduce hepatic fat deposition, and promote health in liver.
研究领域:
水产养殖
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鱼类生理学
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脂质代谢
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE
·
2022
·
IF 5.135
Yunqiang Zhang,Wencong Lai,Qiuchi Chen,Wei Fang,Kun Cui,Yuliang He,Xueshan Li,Kangsen Mai,Qinghui Ai
Calcium pyruvate (CP), known as an energetic aid, has been shown to enhance lipid utilization and prevent obesity in mammals. However, very few studies were conducted to evaluate the potential implications of CP for aquatic animals. This study examined the role of CP on fat deposition in large yellow croaker by feeding fish with high-fat diets containing four levels of dietary CP (0, 0.375%, 0.75% and 1.5%). After a 70-d feeding trial, fish fed higher doses of CP significantly decreased weight gain (WG) and hepatosomatic index (HSI). Lipid percentages and triglyceride (TG) contents of whole fish, liver and muscle were negatively correlated with dietary CP. Plasma TG, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) levels significantly decreased with increasing dietary CP, whereas plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) and β -hydroxybutyrate ( β -HB) levels came to a climax in fish fed the 1.5% CP diet. The fish fed CP diets also exhibited smaller hepatic lipid droplet size . The expression of lipogenic genes (fatty acid synthase, fas ; acetyl-CoA carboxylase, acc ; diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, dgat2 ) were significantly down-regulated in the liver and muscle of the CP-treated fish. Conversely, the expression of lipolytic genes (adipose triglyceride lipase , atgl ; hormone-sensitive lipase, hsl ; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, cpt1 ) were markedly elevated. This was accompanied by enhanced tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle capacity (citrate content; succinate dehydrogenase , SDH; malate dehydrogenase , MDH). Further Western blot analysis revealed that CP may dose-dependently induce phosphorylations of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and ACC in the liver and muscle, together with protein expression of CPT1 and fatty acid translocase 36 (CD36). Surprisingly, treatment with CP impaired glucose utilization, as evidenced by raised plasma glucose and weakened glucose metabolism-related enzymatic activities (hexokinase, HK; phosphofructokinase , PFK; pyruvate kinase , PK; pyruvate dehydrogenase, PDH) and gene expression (glucokinase, gk ; hk ; phosphofructokinase-liver type, pfkl ; pyruvate kinase-muscle type, pkma ) in the liver and muscle. Notably, increased plasma liver enzyme activities (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase , AST) and hepatic inflammation-related gene expression (interleukin-1 beta, il-1β and cyclooxygenase 2, cox-2 ) and reduced hepatic antioxidant capacity (total antioxidative capacity, T-AOC; catalase , CAT) were found in high-dose CP treatment. These findings indicated that dietary CP could attenuate fat deposition by stimulating β -oxidation through the AMPK-ACC-CPT1 cascade and inhibiting lipogenesis and glucose oxidation. Considering both lipid-lowering effect and growth performance, dietary supplementation with 0.375% ∼ 0.75% CP is suitable for alleviating fat deposition of juvenile large yellow croaker.
研究领域:
水产养殖
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营养学
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分子生物学
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生理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）