RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 1.8
Zhiqin Liu,Yufeng Xu,Wei Liu,Lin Wang,Zhen Dong,Jianguo Zeng
Diarrhoea remains a major public health concern, particularly affecting young children and livestock. Macleaya cordata protopine total alkaloids (MPTA), a standardized extract approved in China for poultry diarrhoea, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in intestinal disorders. The study aims to investigate the antidiarrheal mechanism of MPTA using castor oil- and E. coli -induced diarrhoea models in mice. We first tested MPTA for acute oral toxicity. Subsequently, the effect of MPTA on castor oil- and E. coli -induced diarrhoea in mice based on LD 50 results. Network pharmacology analysis and target competition assays (inhibitors and antagonists) were integrated to identify targets for MPTA's antidiarrheal effects. Molecular docking was used to verify the binding ability of MPTA components to these receptors. The LD 50 of MPTA was determined to be 426.1 mg/kg. The optimal MPTA activity was found at 8 mg/kg in both castor oil and in infectious models. Network pharmacology analysis revealed potential targets and pathways of MPTA against intestinal motility. The impact of MPTA on cholinergic, serotonin, dopaminergic, and adrenergic receptors was assessed using standard inhibitors and agonists to induce intestinal smooth muscle contractions or relaxations. Molecular docking confirmed the binding ability of MPTA components to these receptors. In conclusion, MPTA exhibits significant antidiarrheal effects in both castor oil and E. coli -induced diarrhoea models. Its mechanism may involve modulation of cholinergic, serotonin, dopaminergic, and adrenergic receptors, as well as inhibition of ion channels and anti-inflammatory actions. These findings highlight the potential of MPTA as a novel therapeutic agent for diarrhoea.
研究领域:
药理学
·
生物医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2015
·
IF 2.998
Sheng Wang,Yang Zhao,Junqing Zhang,Xiaoxing Huang,Yifei Wang,Xiaotao Xu,Bin Zheng,Xue Zhou,Huajie Tian,Li Liu,Qibing Mei
Ethnopharmacological relevance The fructus Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. (AOM) has been used for treating diarrhea with spleen deficiency and gastralgia for thousands of years. A number of traditional Chinese medicine formulae provide AOM as an alternative herbal treatment for diarrhea, but the scientific basis for this usage has not been well defined. Aim of the study In this study, we tried to investigate the antidiarrheal activity and possible mechanisms of Fructus AOM, aiming to enrich our understanding to the scientific meanings and theoretical significance of Fructus AOM in clinical practice. Materials and methods The fructus of AOM collected from Hainan province in China were macerated in the 95% ethanol to obtain the crude 95% ethanol extract, followed by subjected to chromatographic separation over a Diaion HP20 column to obtain 90% and 50% ethanol eluted fractions. The activities of the crude extract and fractions on castor oil induced acute diarrhea , rhubarb induced chronic diarrhea , gastrointestinal transit (GIT) in mice, and contractions of isolated guinea-pig ileum were evaluated. Additionally, nitric oxide (NO), gastrointestinal peptides gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL) and somatostatin (SS) levels that related to gastrointestinal motilities were detected to demonstrate the potential mechanisms. Ultimately, LC–MS/MS method was utilized to ensure the chemical consistency. Results The 95% ethanol extract and 90% ethanol eluted fraction significantly delayed the onset time and decreased the wet faeces proportion compared with control group in the castor oil induced acute diarrhea mice. In terms of further evaluation of antidiarrheal activity, the 95% ethanol extract and 90% ethanol elution displayed significant inhibition of the intestinal propulsion at the two highest oral doses of 20 g crude drug/kg and 1 g/kg. Moreover the 95% ethanol extract (10 and 20 g crude drug/kg) and 90% ethanol elution (0.5 and 1 g/kg) could significantly inhibit the GIT, which was partially attributed to the increase in NO and SS levels, and the decreased MTL. In vitro spontaneous contractions of the isolated guinea pig ileum induced by carbachol , neostigmine and histamine were attenuated by both the extract and elution. Phytochemical analysis of 95% ethanol extract and its fractions identified the presence of diphenylheptanes, sesquiterpenes , and flavones as the major components. Conclusions Our in vivo and in vitro data could partly support and justify the traditional usage of Fructus AOM on the treatment of diarrhea in traditional medicine.
研究领域:
药理学
·
传统中药研究
·
消化系统疾病
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Marine Drugs
·
2021
·Vol. 19
·期 2
·63
·
IF 5.118
Guo-Fang Duan,Yang Liu,Li-Na Zhang,Hong-Ye Li,Jie-Sheng Liu,Wei-Dong Yang
Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs), some of the most important phycotoxins, are distributed almost all over the world, posing a great threat to human health through the food chain. Therefore, it is of great significance to find effective methods to reduce toxin accumulation in shellfish. In this paper, we observed the effects of four phytochemicals including cinnamaldehyde (CA), quercetin, oridonin and allicin on the accumulation of DSTs in the digestive gland ofPerna viridisafter exposure to the DSTs-producingProrocentrum lima. We found that, among the four phytochemicals, CA could effectively decrease the accumulation of DSTs (okadaic acid-eq) in the digestive gland ofP. viridis. Further evidence demonstrated that CA could reduce the histological alterations of the digestive gland of a mussel caused by DSTs. RT-qPCR showed that CA could suppress the CYP3A4 induction by DSTs, suggesting that the DSTs’ decrease induced by CA might be related to the inhibition of CYP3A4 transcription induction. However, further studies on the underlying mechanism, optimal treatment time, ecological safety and cost should be addressed before cinnamaldehyde is used to decrease the accumulation of DSTs in field.Keywords:okadaic acid;Perna viridis;cinnamaldehyde;CYP3A4
研究领域:
海洋生物学
·
毒理学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Molecular Medicine Reports
·
2021
·Vol. 23
·期 5
·1-9
·
IF 2.952
Yang Yao,Ranyuan Luo,Shu Xiong,Chang Zhang,Yukun Zhang
Intestinal inflammation frequently occurs alongside dysmotility, which is characterized by altered myosin light chain phosphorylation levels. Curcumin, an active component from the ginger family, is reported to confer anti‑inflammatory effects. However, the effects of curcumin on both diarrhea and constipation associated inflammation remains to be elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of curcumin on diarrhea and constipation and to determine the related mechanisms. Sprague‑Dawley rats were used to establish diarrhea and constipation models via intracolonic acetic acid (4%) instillation or cold water gavage for 2 weeks, respectively. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of the cytokines TNF‑α and IL‑1β using ELISA kits. Western blotting was performed to measure NF‑κB, RhoA, Rho‑related kinase 2, phosphorylated MLC20, phosphorylated myosin phosphorylated target subunit 1, 130k Da‑MLC kinase (MLCK), c‑kit tyrosine kinase protein expression, and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was conducted to measure MLCK expression levels. The results indicated that curcumin reversed the elevations in the pro‑inflammatory cytokines IL‑1β and TNF‑α by inhibiting the NF‑κB pathway in rats with diarrhea and constipation. The results also indicated that myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation in intestinal smooth muscle was positively and negatively associated with the motility of inflammation‑related diarrhea and constipation in rats, respectively. Curcumin significantly reversed the increased MLC phosphorylation in the jejunum of the rats with diarrhea, significantly enhanced the reductions in inflammatory mediators, including TNF‑α and IL‑1β, of rats with constipation and significantly ameliorated the related hyper‑motility and hypo‑motility in rats with both diarrhea and constipation. In conclusion, the potential roles of the MLC kinase, c‑kit tyrosine and Rho A/Rho‑associated kinase 2 pathways, which are involved in curcumin‑induced amelioration of inflammation‑related diarrhea and constipation, were explored in the present study. Results from the present study suggested that curcumin has potential therapeutic value for treating intestinal inflammation and inflammation‑related motility disorders.
研究领域:
药理学
·
胃肠病学
·
炎症
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BMC Veterinary Research
·
2024
·Vol. 20
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 2.3
Li Huimin,Leng Chaoliang,Chen Nan,Ding Qinchao,Yuan Yizhao,Zheng Yilei,Zhu Ge,Chen Chen,Xu Lichang,Shuai Jiangbing,Jiang Qinting,Ren Daxi,Wang Huanan
Background Numerous previous reports have demonstrated the efficacy of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in promoting growth and preventing disease in animals. In this study, Enterococcus faecium ZJUIDS-R1 and Ligilactobaciiius animalis ZJUIDS-R2 were isolated from the feces of healthy rabbits, and both strains showed good probiotic properties in vitro. Two strains (108CFU/ml/kg/day) were fed to weaned rabbits for 21 days, after which specific bacterial infection was induced to investigate the effects of the strains on bacterial diarrhea in the rabbits.Results Our data showed that Enterococcus faecium ZJUIDS-R1 and Ligilactobaciiius animalis ZJUIDS-R2 interventions reduced the incidence of diarrhea and systemic inflammatory response, alleviated intestinal damage and increased antibody levels in animals. In addition, Enterococcus faecium ZJUIDS-R1 restored the flora abundance of Ruminococcaceae1. Ligilactobaciiius animalis ZJUIDS-R2 up-regulated the flora abundance of Adlercreutzia and Candidatus Saccharimonas. Both down-regulated the flora abundance of Shuttleworthia and Barnesiella to restore intestinal flora balance, thereby increasing intestinal short-chain fatty acid content.Conclusion sThese findings suggest that Enterococcus faecium ZJUIDS-R1 and Ligilactobaciiius animalis ZJUIDS-R2 were able to improve intestinal immunity, produce organic acids and regulate the balance of intestinal flora to enhance disease resistance and alleviate diarrhea-related diseases in weanling rabbits.
研究领域:
动物科学
·
微生物学
·
免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAIRY TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.5
Dandan Li,Haodong Yan,Junjuan Yu,Yujun Huang,Lina Pan,Wenli Kang,Rongxue Tang,Jiaqi Wang,Hengxian Qu,Yunchao Wa,Xia Chen,Ruixia Gu,Chenchen Zhang
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum M660 (M660) was isolated from the human milk of a healthy mother. M660 could survive the simulated gastrointestinal conditions without haemolytic and biogenic amine-producing ability. The faecal water content was reduced, and the recoveries of the cecum and intestinal barrier were accelerated by M660 in the antibiotic-associated diarrhoea model. In the constipation model, M660 enhanced intestinal motility, improved serum neurotransmitter levels, and reduced colonic injury. Analysis of gut microbiota showed that M660 increased the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria and decreased the number of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Overall, M660 could be a probiotic candidate to promote infant health.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
医学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
·
2020
·Vol. 20
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 0
Zhang Changrong,Huang Yongquan,Li Peiwu,Chen Xinlin,Liu Fengbin,Hou Qiuke
Background Ginger or ginger extracts have been used in traditional medicine relieve pain caused by diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), but few data exists about its effectiveness. This present study was to validate the effect of ginger on visceral pain, and to further explore the possible underlying mechanism by which ginger is used to relieve IBS-D intestinal hypersensitivity. Methods First, the IBS-D rat model was established by chemical stimulation and acute and chronic pressure stimulation. Then, different dose of ginger were administrated to IBS-D rats and evaluate the defecation frequency, fecal water content (FWC) and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores in IBS-D rats. Further, the IBS-D rats were sacrificed to collecte the colonic tissues to evaluate the effect of ginger administration on its pathology and changes of pro-inflammatory factors, and changes of NF-κB pathway. Second, the ginger was taken to HPLC analysis and 6-gingerol was choosen to further experiment. Then, IBS-D rats were treated with different dose of 6-gingerol, and the behavioral evaluation were to evaluate the effect of 6-gingerol on IBS-D rats. Further, colonic epithelial cells (CECs) were collectted and to evaluate the effect of 6-gingerol on the expression of inflammatory factors and changes of NF-κB pathway. Results The IBS-D rat model was successfully established by chemical stimulation and acute and chronic pressure stimulation. And ginger treatment significantly reduced the defecation frequency, fecal water content and AWR scores in IBS-D rats. Histopathological analysis showed that ginger treatment can significantly reduce colonic edema and promote the recovery of inflammation in IBS-D rats, and the effect is equivalent to rifaximin. Elisa and RT-qPCR showed that ginger inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS) in IBS-D rats. Western blot showed IkBα was up-regulated while p-p65 was inhibited under ginger treatment. HPLC analysis showed that 6-gingerol was the main component of ginger, which could improve clinical symptoms in IBS-D rats. Western blot and RT-qPCR showed that 6-gingerol inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS) in CECs, and inhibition of IκBα degradation and phosphorylation of p65 involved in NF-κB pathway. Conclusion Ginger and ginger extract could relieve intestinal hypersensitivity of IBS-D by inhibiting proinflammatory response.
研究领域:
医学
·
药理学
·
消化系统疾病
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Jiangbing Qiu,Chao Yin,Aifeng Li,Yongmeng Yang,Guixiang Wang,Dongyue Li
Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are widespread in marine environments, posing potential threats to marine ecosystems, shellfish aquaculture, and human health. Despite their prevalence, knowledge of the stability of dissolved DSTs in seawater is still limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bacteria, temperature, and irradiation on the stability of dissolved okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) in seawater. Results indicated that bacteria did not contribute to the biodegradation of OA and DTX1, while their growth was inhibited by the toxins over the 7-day experiment. During a 28-day period without irradiation at 4°C, 20°C, and 37°C, no degradation of OA was observed, whereas significant degradation of DTX1 occurred, with concentrations dropping to 58% ∼ 78% of the initial concentration at the end of the experiment. Under xenon lamp irradiation at 1000 W, the concentrations of DTX1 decreased by 15% to 19% in seawater after 160 min, while the concentrations of OA showed minimal change. Conversely, both OA and DTX1 underwent significant degradation under mercury lamp irradiation with an irradiation intensity-dependent pattern. Additionally, the degradation rates of OA and DTX1 increased with higher concentrations of dissolved organic matter in the range of 1.2 to 15 mg C L⁻ 1 . This study enhances the understanding of DST stability in seawater under varying temperature and light conditions, highlighting the complexities involved in their degradation processes. The results of this study found that ultraviolet is an important driving environmental factor for OA and DTX1 degradation in the natural marine environment. In case of harmful algal blooms with associated phycotoxins, ultraviolet irradiation can be used as a removal method for OA and DTX1.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
·
2025
·
IF 4.4
Zhao Yi,Dai Zhengqun,Lang Yanmei,Li Rui,Zheng Hongyu,Mi Jiajia,He Xiu,Liu Jin,Xiang Rong,Mei Xueran,Liu Yang,Wang Yantang,Guo Huijie,Yang Qian,Ren Ke,Yang Tai
Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) is a frequent gastrointestinal side effect in cancer patients, particularly associated with the use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). This study aimed to isolate multiple Bacteroides strains from the feces of healthy individuals and identify Bacteroides eggerthii ( B. eggerthii ) S13-F8 as the optimal candidate for alleviating CID. Whole-genome sequencing of B. eggerthii S13-F8 was conducted to uncover its functional characteristics and explore the potential mechanisms underlying its protective effects against CID. The anti-CID efficacy of B. eggerthii S13-F8 was assessed using multiple parameters, including diarrhea severity, food intake, and body weight changes. Comprehensive analyses, including blood tests, intestinal histopathology, colon transcriptomics, and fecal metagenomics, were performed to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. In a 5-FU-induced mouse model, B. eggerthii S13-F8 significantly alleviated weight loss and diarrhea. Histological examination revealed that B. eggerthii S13-F8 preserved the villus height-to-crypt depth (V/C) ratio and protected goblet cells in colonic tissues. Gene expression analysis showed that B. eggerthii S13-F8 upregulated protective markers, such as Aqp8 , Slc26a3 , and mucin-related genes ( TFF3 , FCGBP , and Muc2 ), while downregulating pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-1α , IL-22 , and Cxcl2 . Furthermore, B. eggerthii S13-F8 modulated gut microbiota composition by suppressing pathogenic bacteria ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella , γ-Proteobacteria, and Shigella ) and enriching beneficial taxa, such as Lactobacillus and Akkermansia muciniphila . In conclusion, B. eggerthii S13-F8 demonstrates significant potential in mitigating severe diarrhea caused by 5-FU chemotherapy, providing a strong foundation for its development as a live biotherapeutic for CID treatment.
研究领域:
医学
·
微生物学
·
基因组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AAPS PHARMSCITECH
·
2017
·Vol. 19
·期 3
·1020-1028
·
IF 2.451
Zhou Huanbin,Li Shunyi,Chen Yao,Zhang Qian,Bai Xuequn,Zhu Chune,Liu Hu,Wang Lili,Wu Chuanyu,Pan Xin,Wu Chuanbin
Microencapsulation technology has the potential to protect probiotics and to deliver them to the gut, and extrusion is one of the most commonly used methods. However, the rather large diameters of 1~5 mm produced tend to cause oral grittiness and result in low compliance. In this article, Streptococcus thermophilus IFFI 6038 (IFFI 6038) microcapsules were prepared using an ultra-fine particle processing system (UPPS) previously developed by this research group. IFFI 6038 suspension was pumped by a peristaltic pump to the feeding inlet nozzle and then dispersed into micro-droplets by a rotating disk, followed by solidification. Trehalose (16%) was used as a cryoprotectant to protect IFFI 6038 from damage by lyophilization used in the process. Alginate (3%) resulted in IFFI 6038 microcapsules with a median particle diameter ( d
50 ) of 29.32 ± 0.12 μm and a span value of 1.00 ± 0.02, indicating uniform particle size distribution. To evaluate the potential of microencapsulation in protecting IFFI 6038 from the gastric conditions, the viable counts of IFFI 6038 following incubation of IFFI 6038 microcapsules in simulated gastric juices for 120 min were determined and compared with those of free IFFI 6038. The stability of microencapsulated IFFI 6038 upon storage for 3 months at 4°C and 25°C, respectively, was also determined. The results showed that microcapsules prepared by UPPS protected IFFI 6038 from gastric conditions. The results from a rat diarrhea model showed that microcapsules prepared by the UPPS method were able to effectively improve the diarrhea conditions in rats.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.162
Rong Chen,Bo Liu,Xiaoyang Wang,Kai Chen,Keyu Zhang,Lifang Zhang,Chenzhong Fei,Chunmei Wang,Yingchun Liu,Feiqun Xue,Feng Gu,Mi Wang
Polysaccharide was derived from Pueraria lobata (PPL) which was considered as one of the traditional Chinese medicinal and edible herbs. In the present study, PPL was administered in equal doses (12.5 mg/kg) to both normal mice and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) mice for two weeks, and was evaluated in terms of body weight, organ indices, gut structure, gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids. The results showed that normal mice treated with PPL not only reduced the isovaleric acid concentration ( P < 0.05), but also significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, involving Oscillospira and Anaerotruncus ( P < 0.05). In addition, PPL could relieve colonic pathological changes and gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by AAD. It indicated that PPL was a potential functional food ingredient by modulating gut microbiota.
研究领域:
药理学
·
微生物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nutrients
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 19
·3099
·
IF 5
Zhuo Liu,Wenxiu Wang,Ning Li,Jinkuan Chen,Qianxu Wang,Mengzhen Jia,Xiaorui Wang,Bo Zhang,Nan Sheng,Zhigang Liu
Background/Objectives: Infant diarrhea is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. WhileBifidobacteriumis linked to diarrhea, its preventive effects, underlying mechanisms, and potential synergistic benefits with prebiotics remain unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of a synbiotic composed ofBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactisBB-12 (BB-12) and 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) in alleviating infant diarrhea.Methods: One-week-old C57BL/6J mice were used to construct a model of infant diarrhea via infection with enteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC) O127. Mice were administered BB-12 (108CFU per mouse), 2′-FL (1 g/kg), or their combination (synbiotic) for three consecutive weeks.Results: Administration of the synbiotic not only markedly improved diarrhea, anxiety-like behavior, colon inflammation, and gut barrier function but also positively reshaped the microbial community. This was achieved through a significant rise in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (e.g.,AkkermansiaandParaprevotella), a rise in fecal SCFAs, and a reduction in harmful bacteria such asEscherichia.Conclusions: The synbiotic effectively relieves EPEC-induced infant diarrhea by regulating gut microbiota composition and metabolic functions. These findings highlight its potential as a dietary intervention in infant diarrhea and provide new insights into infant health applications.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
儿科
·
营养学
·
免疫学
·
分子生物学
·
肠道生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）