BMC PLANT BIOLOGY
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2023
·Vol. 23
·期 1
·1-16
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IF 5.3
Zhang Yanan,Wang Di,Li Hui,Bai Hongtong,Sun Meiyu,Shi Lei
Background Lavender (genus Lavandula, family Lamiaceae) is an aromatic plant widely grown as an ornamental plant. The chemical composition of lavender is characterized by monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and other compounds, which are primarily synthesized and stored in epidermal secretory structures called glandular trichomes (GTs). Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are responsible for the aroma characteristics of plant oil that drive consumer preference. Aroma is usually regarded as a characteristic trait for the classification of aromatic plants. Interestingly, VOCs are synthesized and stored in GTs. Lamiaceae species such as purple perilla, peppermint, basil, thyme, and oregano usually possess two types of GTs: peltate glandular trichomes (PGTs) and capitate glandular trichomes (CGTs). But the development process of PGTs in lavender has been reported in only a few studies to date.Results In this study, we identified and quantified the VOCs in four lavender cultivars by headspace-solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS–SPME–GC–MS). A total of 66 VOCs were identified in these four cultivars, the most prominent of which were linalyl acetate and linalool, and flowers were the main site of accumulation of these VOCs. Here, we examined the developmental process of PGTs, including the formation of their base, body, and apex. The apex cells contained secretory cavities, which produced VOCs. Based on the reference genome sequence of the lavender cultivar ‘Jingxun 2’, several R2R3-MYB subfamily genes related to GT formation were identified. These results will guide the engineering of GTs and molecular breeding of lavender for improving the VOC content.Conclusion sIn this study, we identified the VOCs in four lavender cultivars. We analyzed the formation of GTs, and compared the number and diameter size of PGTs among four lavender cultivars. Additionally, we identified four candidate genes belonging to the R2R3-MYB family.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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芳香植物研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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2021
·Vol. 22
·期 14
·7312
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IF 5.924
Qin Lu,Nawaz Haider Bashir,Hai-Xia Wu,Weiwei Wang,Jinwen Zhang,Yongzhong Cui,Hang Chen
Rhus potaniniiMaxim is an economically and medicinally important tree species in China. It produces galls (induced by aphids) with a high abundance of tannins. Here, we discuss the histology, cellular structures and their distribution, and the macromolecular components of secretive glandular trichomes on the leaves ofR. potaninii. A variation in the density of glandular trichomes and tomenta was found between the adaxial and abaxial sides of a leaf in different regions and stages of the leaf. The glandular trichomes onR. potaniniitrees comprise a stalk with no cellular structure and a head with 8–15 cells. Based on staining, we found that the secretion of glandular trichomes has many polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and acidic lipids but very few neutral lipids. The dense glandular trichomes provide mechanical protection for young tissues; additionally, their secretion protects the young tissues from pathogens by a special chemical component. According to transcriptome analysis, we found enhanced biosynthetic and metabolism pathways of glycan, lipids, toxic amino acids, and phenylpropanoids. This shows a similar tendency to the staining. The numbers of differentially expressed genes were large or small; the averaged range of upregulated genes was greater than that of the downregulated genes in most subpathways. Some selectively expressed genes were found in glandular trichomes, responsible for the chitinase activity and pathogenesis-related proteins, which all have antibacterial activity and serve for plant defense. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the components of the secretion from glandular trichomes on the leaf surface ofR. potaninii.Keywords:distribution pattern;gene expression pattern;glandular trichome;histological structure;secretion;plant defense
研究领域:
植物学
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遗传学
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植物生理学
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分子生物学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Plant Methods
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2023
·Vol. 19
·期 1
·1-17
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IF 5.1
Jiang Zheng,Zhou Peina,Shao Yongfang,Zhang Qianqian,Yue Wei,Qu Cheng,Wu Qinan
Background Glandular trichomes, often referred to as “phytochemical factories”, plays a crucial role in plant growth and metabolism. As the site for secretion and storage, the development of glandular trichomes is related to the dynamic biosynthesis of specialised metabolites. The study aims to explore the relationship between spatial phenotype and dynamic metabolism of glandular trichomes, and establish a novel approach for the exploration and study of the regulatory mechanism governing the development of glandular trichomes. Results In this study, we proposed a technical route based on the relative deviation value to distinguish the peltate glandular trichomes (PGTs) from the background tissues and extract their spatial phenotype. By defining glandular trichome developmental stages based on the leaf vein growth axis, we found that young PGTs were densely distributed near the proximal end of growth axis of the leaf veins, where perillaketone, a primary metabolite of PGTs, is predominantly accumulated. Conversely, mature PGTs are typically found near the distal end of the mid-vein growth axis and the lateral end of the secondary vein growth axis, where the accumulation rate of isoegomaketone and egomaketone exceeds that of perillaketone in PGTs. We further identified spatial phenotypic parameters, L sum and d, as independent variables to construct a linear regression model that illustrates the relationship between the spatial phenotypes and metabolite content of PGTs, including perillaketone (R 2 = 0.698), egomaketone (R 2 = 0.593), isoegomaketone (R 2 = 0.662) and the sum of the amount (R 2 = 0.773). Conclusions This model proved that the development of PGTs was correlated with the growth of the entire leaf, and the development stage of PGTs can be identifined by spatial phenotypes based on the leaf veins. In conclusion, the findings of this study enhance our understanding of correlation between spatial phenotype and development of glandular trichomes and offer a new approach to explore and study the regulatory mechanism of glandular trichome development.
研究领域:
植物学
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代谢组学
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PubMed
高影响因子
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
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2022
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IF 2.488
Junping Chen,Yichen Li,Jianguo Cao,Jinwen Huang,Can Jiang,Xiling Dai,Guozheng Huang
Phytochemical investigation of Adiantum flabellulatum L. led to the isolation of four natural compounds, including a novel unsaturated fatty acid with a cyclopropane moiety, i.e. (S,E)-7-(2-octylcyclopropylidene)heptanoic acid (1), together with three known compounds, isoadiantol B (2), stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (3), β-sitosterol (4). Compound 3 was isolated from the A. flabellulatum L. for the first time. The structure of 1 was elucidated following a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic analyses including MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR, and by a mass spectrometry experiment of the dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) adduct, while the known compounds were identified by comparisons with those reported in the literature. Enzyme evaluation of 1 indicated this compound possesses anti- protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) activity with an IC50 value of 6.99 ± 0.41 μM in vitro.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药理学
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天然产物研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Plants-Basel
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2022
·Vol. 11
·期 20
·2797
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IF 4.658
Mengyun Jiang,Qian Yang,He Wang,Zhi Luo,Yanjing Guo,Jiale Shi,Xiaoxiong Wang,Sheng Qiang,Reto Jörg Strasser,Shiguo Chen
Biological herbicides have received much attention due to their abundant resources, low development cost, unique targets and environmental friendliness. This study reveals some interesting effects of mycotoxin cytochalasin A (CA) on photosystem II (PSII). Our results suggested that CA causes leaf lesions onAgeratina adenophoradue to its multiple effects on PSII. At a half-inhibitory concentration of 58.5 μΜ (I50, 58.5 μΜ), the rate of O2evolution of PSII was significantly inhibited by CA. This indicates that CA possesses excellent phytotoxicity and exhibits potential herbicidal activity. Based on the increase in the J-step of the chlorophyll fluorescence rise OJIP curve and the analysis of some JIP-test parameters, similar to the classical herbicide diuron, CA interrupted PSII electron transfer beyond QAat the acceptor side, leading to damage to the PSII antenna structure and inactivation of reaction centers. Molecular docking model of CA and D1 protein ofA. adenophorafurther suggests that CA directly targets the QBsite of D1 protein. The potential hydrogen bonds are formed between CA and residues D1-His215, D1-Ala263 and D1-Ser264, respectively. The binding of CA to residue D1-Ala263 is novel. Thus, CA is a new natural PSII inhibitor. These results clarify the mode of action of CA in photosynthesis, providing valuable information and potential implications for the design of novel bioherbicides.Keywords:natural product;bioherbicide;photosynthetic inhibitor;chlorophyllafluorescence;D1 protein;molecular docking
研究领域:
植物科学
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生物化学
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分子生物学
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环境科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2018
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IF 3.115
Yue Wei,Tingyun Ma,Hanxue Wang,Jianguo Xing,Yuwen Wang,Zhengyi Gu,Dandan Mu,Qiang Yin,Xuemei Cheng,Changhong Wang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Compound Muniziqi granule (CMG) is usually used as a traditional Uighur medicine to treat acne, chloasma , skin inflammation, primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), and menopausal syndrome . However, there are no sufficient data to support the clinic uses of CMG in PDM. Aim of the study This work aims to examine the effect of CMG as a treatment for PDM and reveal its possible therapeutic mechanism. Materials and methods In vivo and in vitro mouse PDM models were utilized in this study. The mouse uterine contraction was induced by oxytocin after progynova or estradiol benzoate pretreatment. CMG, alkaloid extracts from seeds of Peganum harmala (AEP), and 10% and 95% ethanol extracts from seeds of Nigella glandulifera (EEN10 and EEN95) were given to mice in three doses by gavage. The writhing times within 30 min after oxytocin treatment were recorded to evaluate the analgesic effect, and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), 6-keto-prostaglandin F 1α (6-k-PGF 1α ), prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α ), thromboxane B2 (TXB 2 ), and nitric oxide (NO) levels in uterine tissues and PGF 2α and MDA in serum were determined. The effects (contractile curve) of CMG, AEP, EEN10, and EEN95 on uterus contraction induced by oxytocin in isolated mouse uterus were recorded. Results In contrast to the control group, CMG, AEP, N10, and N95 could display analgesic activities dose dependently by reducing the writhing response of the PDM model mice. CMG, AEP, EEN10, and EEN95 could also remarkably decrease the level of PGF 2α , 6-k-PGF 1α , TXB 2 , NO and MDA in uterine tissues and PGF 2α and MDA in serum, whereas the activity of GSH-Px in uterine tissues was increased. Furthermore, CMG, AEP, EEN10, and EEN95 could significantly inhibit the frequency and amplitude of isolated uterus induced by oxytocin in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions CMG exhibited a significant protective effect on experimental PDM. The mechanisms are probably associated with abating lipid peroxidation and over-inflammatory reaction, and alleviating the contraction of isolated mouse uterus. The seeds of P. harmala and N. glandulifera in the CMG may play an important role in exerting protective effects on PDM. This study provides pre-clinic proof to the use of CMG in clinical practice of PDM.
研究领域:
药理学
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传统医学
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民族药理学
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生殖健康
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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