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Synthesis of ultrathin hybrid membranes via the co-polymerization of acrylic acid, styrene and molybdenum disulfide and their high adsorption selectivity for lead(II) in the mixture of metal ions

Tianrui Yang,Yu Liu,Jingyi Chen,Junsheng Liu,Shan Jiang,Xiaoxue Zhang,Chunyu Ji

Lead(II) is a potential carcinogen of heavy-metal ions (HIs). With the wide application of Pb-bearing products including lead alloy products, and new-energy lead-ion batteries, lead pollution has become a tricky problem. To solve such a difficulty, novel ultrathin MoS 2 -vinyl hybrid membranes (MVHMs) with a “spring” effect were synthesized via co-polymerization of acrylic acid, styrene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and their adsorptions for HIs were explored. The “spring” effect derived from the interaction between the tendency of the short polyacrylic acid (PAA) chain connected with MoS 2 to spread outward and the coulomb force between layers from MoS 2 (s-MoS 2 ), which enlarge the spacing of MoS 2 layers without changing the number of layers after membrane formation, which changes the swelling membrane to a dense membrane and reduces the original thickness from 0.5 cm to 0.011 mm in the thickness direction. The adsorption experiment revealed that these MVHMs had super adsorption performance and high selectivity for Pb 2+ by comparison with other five metal ions: Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cr 3+ and Zn 2+ . Especially, the adsorption quantity of MVHMs for Pb 2+ could approach 2468 mg/g and the maximum adsorption ratio of q e [Pb 2+ ]/q e [Cu 2+ ] can reach 10.909. These values were much larger than the data obtained with the adsorbents reported in the last decade. A variety of models are applied to evaluate the effect of ionic groups. It was confirmed that –COOH plays a key role in adsorption of HIs and s-MoS 2 also has a certain contribution. Conversely, ion exchange plays only a minor role during the period of adsorption process. Effective diffusion coefficient (D eff ) of Pb(II) had the largest values among these metal ions. Hence, these hybrid membranes are promising adsorbents for the removal of Pb 2+ from water containing various ions.