THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·
IF 3.378
Wenhui Fan,Fengquan Zhong
Thermal conductivity of kerosene-based nanofluids is experimentally studied in the paper. Aluminum (Al), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles were dispersed respectively in RP3 aviation kerosene, and thermal conductivity of those nanofluids was measured in a wide range of fluid temperature and particle mass fraction. The increase rate of thermal conductivity of kerosene-based nanofluids reached 60% at a temperature of 403 K. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids changes with different particles, particle size, particle concentration and temperature et al. The change rules are given in this paper in detail. Meanwhile, the experimental results of thermal conductivity are compared with the theoretical model proposed in our previous work originally for water-based nanofluids, and the comparison results are found to be good.
研究领域:
热力学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Molecular Catalysis
·
2024
·
IF 3.9
Jianwei Yuan,Kwame Nana Opoku,Pin Zhou,Jiaqing Cao,Yaorao Gao,Haoyang Peng,Baoliang Liu,Xiaohui Chen,Zhenwei Zhang,Fu Yang
The highly efficient green catalytic synthesis of jet fuel from low-chain biomass molecules is very attractive to afford sustainable development. Herein, ultrafine Ni nanoparticles assembled on Nb 2 O 5 nanofibers were constructed and effectively utilized in the reductive coupling of n-octanoic acid, offering a novel approach distinct from traditional hydrogenation methods for fatty acids. During the process, a synergistic effect was observed between the metallic Ni phase and the fibrous Nb 2 O 5 , facilitating immediate ketonization following reduction. This enabled the conversion of n-octanoic acid into pentadecane, a crucial component of aviation kerosene. The key factor driving this conversion was the attainment of a production rate of 8-pentadecanone higher than that of n-octane, particularly under optimal conditions, resulting in a significant yield of pentadecane. The catalytic assessment results show that adjusting Ni loading altered the performance of the catalyst in which 1.0 % Ni/Nb 2 O 5 afforded the best catalytic activity. By precisely controlling the reaction temperature at 300 °C and maintaining a hydrogen pressure of 1 MPa, an impressive pentadecane yield of 70.5 % was achieved. This innovative approach, which combines reduction with ketonization, offers a promising strategy for producing long-carbon chain alkanes from short-carbon chain fatty acids within a single reactor. This not only reduces economic costs but also streamlines overall processes, presenting a significant advancement in sustainable fuel production.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
绿色能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2013
·
IF 3.357
Lei Yue,Xiaoxing Lu,Hai Chi,Yongsheng Guo,Li Xu,Wenjun Fang,Yu Li,Shenlin Hu
Three different kinds of palladium nanoparticles modified by octadecanethiol, octadecylamine, and mixture of them have been prepared, which are simply marked as Pd@S, Pd@N and Pd@S&N in turn. The nanoparticles are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). It follows that the average diameters of the nanoparticles are 1–3 nm. Pd@S shows noncrystalline structure, while Pd@N and Pd@S&N show face-center cubic (fcc) structure. These palladium nanoparticles can be well-dispersed in decalin , and then the nanofluids composed of decalin and palladium nanoparticles are prepared, which can be regarded as pseudohomogeneous systems. The cracking of each nanofluid containing 500 ppm Pd is performed under supercritical conditions (3.5 MPa, 600–750 °C) of decalin with a mass flow rate of 1 g/s in an electrically heated tube reactor which simulates a single passage in a practical heat exchanger. The cracking results indicate that these nanoparticles exhibit catalytic activity to a certain extent, and the activity of Pd@N nanoparticles is better than that of Pd@S or Pd@S&N. At 750 °C, the conversion of decalin is raised from 70.31 wt% of thermal cracking to 73.21 wt% with the existence of Pd@S, while that raised to 80.54 wt% with Pd@S&N and even raised to 91.85 wt% with Pd@N. The heat sink of nanofluids is effectively enhanced, and the nanofluid containing Pd@N shows the highest value, which reaches 3.50 MJ/kg and is increased by 0.29 MJ/kg in comparison with the heat sink of thermal cracking at 750 °C. The cracking of aviation kerosene containing Pd nanoparticles is then performed, the results of which confirm the feasibility of practical application of Pd nanoparticles to hydrocarbon fuels.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Haoyu Liu,Jingye Ma,Hong Yuan,Xiang Shi
BACKGROUND A series of Pt@NZSM–5 and Pt/NZSM–5 nanosheets having different Si/Al ratios were prepared via an in situ synthesis and impregnation method, respectively, using C 22 H 45 –N + (CH 3 ) 2 –C 6 H 12 –N + (CH 3 ) 2 –C 6 H 13 (C 22–6–6 ) as the template agent. The oleic acid decarboxylation reaction was carried out using these materials under CO 2 atmosphere and the oleic acid cracking mechanism was inferred from the product distribution of the C8-C17 alkanes. RESULTS The Pt@NZSM–5 and Pt/NZSM–5 was found to comprise thinner nanosheets and exhibited strong metal–substrate interactions. Pt@NZSM–5 nanosheets with a Si/Al molar ratio of 100 had thicknesses of only 8–9 nm along with a mesopore/micropore capacity ratio of 2.7, an acid content of 11 cm 3 /g STP and a high Pt 0 /PtO x ratio. CONCLUSION The Pt@NZSM-5 and Pt/NZSM-5 nanosheets had an interconnected hierarchical system and a large number of metal active sites that facilitated the decarboxylation of oleic acid. The Pt@NZSM–5 nanosheets demonstrated excellent catalytic activity during the cracking of oleic acid under a CO 2 atmosphere, giving a yield of C8–C17 alkanes as high as 83.8% after 5 h at 320 °C. These Pt@NZSM–5 nanosheets also showed greater stability than the Pt/NZSM–5 specimens. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
研究领域:
催化化学
·
能源材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2015
·
IF 2.79
Xiao-dong Tang,Tao Hu,Jing-jing Li,Fang Wang,Da-yong Qing
To meet the environmental requirements, kerosene, as the major component of jet fuel, is necessary for deep desulfurization. An electrochemical oxidation–extraction method was proposed to reduce the sulfur content in kerosene in this work. First, the electrochemical oxidation of kerosene was carried out in NaCl solution. Then, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used as an extractant to remove the oxidized organic sulfides. Gas chromatography–flame photometric detector (GC–FPD), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ion chromatography were used to determine 1-heptyl mercaptan, one of the main organic sulfides in kerosene, and its products after electrochemical oxidation. The results showed that 1-heptyl mercaptan was effectively oxidized to diheptyl disulfide, 1-heptanesulfonyl chloride, and sulfate in electrochemical oxidation and removed after extraction. After electrochemical oxidation–extraction, the sulfur content of kerosene decreased from 180.0 to 13.2 μg/g and the desulfurization efficiency reached 92.67%. By gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) analysis of kerosene, the electrochemical oxidation process has no impact on the properties of kerosene. On the basis of these experimental results, a mechanism of electrochemical oxidative desulfurization was proposed.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2015
·
IF 3.52
Gui-jin He,Guang-qian Li,Hao Ying,Yong-sheng Guo,Wen-jun Fang
One of hyperbranched polymers is developed as a novel nanoscale initiator to enhance the heat sink of endothermic hydrocarbon fuels to meet the great cooling requirement of hypersonic aircrafts. In this work, the hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) is treated with palmitoyl chloride to obtain a fuel-soluble product, palmitoyl-hyperbranched polyglycerol (PHPG). The thermogravimetric analyses show that the long-alkyl chains rupture first from the matrix at about 200 °C, and then the HPG core breaks around 400 °C during the cracking of PHPG, which indicates a high decomposition temperature for this “macroinitiator”. The cracking processes of n -tridecane with PHPG in different molecular weights and addition quantities are performed in an electrically heated tube reactor under supercritical conditions (3.5 MPa, and 600–720 °C). PHPG can promote the cracking of n -tridecane with significant improvements of the conversion and heat sink. The conversion of n -tridecane is improved as high as 17.6% at 690 °C, and the corresponding heat sink is improved from 3.0 MJ/kg to 3.5 MJ/kg. Furthermore, the optimum addition quantity and molecular weight range of PHPG are chosen for the practical application to an aviation kerosene under 600–700 °C, and the increases of heat sink in comparison with those from the thermal cracking confirm the potential application of PHPG to endothermic hydrocarbon fuels.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Minxin Wang,Xiang Shi,Ke Wang,Hong Yuan
Standard alumina has only a small number of mesopores, which is not conducive to the mass transfer of biomacromolecules and so affects the catalytic activity in the case that this material is used as a catalyst substrate. In the present work, hierarchical nanostructured γ-Al2O3 (HNCγ-Al2O3) assembled from nanosheets was obtained after high-temperature calcination and a low-temperature hydrothermal treatment of an Al-MOF precursor. This material had a high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (266.8 cm3/g) and pore volume (0.64 cm3/g) together with abundant mesopores. Both monometallic and bimetallic Pt/Ni catalysts were prepared using HNCγ-Al2O3 as a carrier and applied to the decarboxylation of oleic acid to produce C8–C17 alkanes. Compared with monometallic materials, the introduction of a second metal increased the quantity and strength of acidic sites on the catalyst. A synergistic effect obtained by incorporating Pt and Ni in the bimetallic catalysts increased the number of oxygen vacancies in the materials and lowered the temperature required to reduce NiOx. At 340 °C, Pt–Ni/Al-1:3 catalyzed the decarboxylation reaction of oleic acid, giving a yield of the product C8–C17 alkanes of 85.3% after a 4 h reaction.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 5
·1387-1398
·
IF 2.523
Ma Jingye,Liu Xiaolong,Yuan Hong
This work employed dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) or dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS–12) along with a PEO–PPO–PEO (P123) block copolymer to obtain a dual template system for catalyst synthesis. Using Pt(NH 3 ) 4 (NO 3 ) 2 as the platinum source, a series of mesoporous Pt/SAPO–11 catalysts with different Pt loadings were prepared via an in situ synthesis and characterized by X-ray diffraction, specific surface area analysis, temperature programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. These catalysts each had a complete AEL model structure with pore diameters in the range of 8.1–10.9 nm and specific surface areas between 103 and 168 m 2 /g. At a Pt loading of 1.0 wt%, the Pt/SAPO–11–S synthesized with SDBS–P123 as the dual template showed the least Pt loss, the largest specific surface area (159 m 2 /g) and the smallest Pt particle size (6.1 nm). This material also exhibited the highest ratio of Pt metal to oxide, indicating that it contained more active metal sites. This catalyst was applied to the decarboxylation of oleic acid under CO 2 to prepare C8–C17 alkanes, the main component of biological aviation kerosene. At a reaction temperature of 340 °C and catalyst-to-oil mass ratio of 1:10, the yield of C8–C17 alkanes reached 80.6% after 6 h. This same catalyst provided a 73.8% yield after six reuses, demonstrating good stability.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Lei Chen,Wei Yin,Qifan Yu,Menghua Qi,Man Wang,Bingjie Wang
The excessively high mercaptan content in straight-run distillation aviation kerosene has led to severe issues such as inferior product quality, equipment corrosion, and environmental pollution, which have become major obstacles restricting the sustainable development of the modern aviation industry. In order to break through the technical limitations of the traditional oxidation-adsorption combined desulfurization process, in this study, a porous alkaline alumina adsorbent was synthesized for efficient selective removal of mercaptans. The specific surface area of the prepared adsorbent reached 338.9 m 2 g −1 and the pore volume reached 0.5 Å. Besides, the mechanical strength was up to 9.417 MPa. Batch static adsorption experiment results showed that as-prepared adsorbents had excellent adsorption performance for mercaptans, thioesters, thioethers, as well as benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene in the single-component simulated oils. The saturated adsorption capacities of 2-methylbutyl mercaptan, dimethyl disulfide and dibutyl sulfate reached 9.85 mg g −1 , 16.04 mg g −1 and 17.02 mg g −1 , respectively. Additionally, the maximum adsorption performances of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene were up to 14.14 mg g −1 and 10.35 mg g −1 , respectively. Meanwhile, the selective adsorption capacity of mercaptans in aviation kerosene was as high as 10.84 mg g −1 without the chromaticity change. By combining multiple adsorption kinetic models, the mechanisms of multi-stage adsorptive desulfurization and selective mercaptan adsorption were revealed. Furthermore, the performance loss was less than 10 % after 5 consecutive cycles by carrying out an optimized combination scheme of acetone pre-washing with 40 kHz ultrasonic wave followed by 150 °C nitrogen regeneration. This research can provide theoretical and technical support for the development of a high-efficient and low-consumption process for deep desulfurization of aviation kerosene.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
能源技术
·
石油炼制
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2021
·
IF 4.185
Zhi-Hao Jin,Jin-Tao Chen,Wang Li,Shu-Bao Song,Jiu-Zhong Yang,Zhen-Yu Tian
Owing to significant advantages over traditional biofuels, 2-methylfuran (MF) has arisen extensive interest as next generation biofuels . Atmospheric pressure pyrolysis of a 1:1 blend of MF with a three-component (3C) surrogate jet fuel was conducted in a flow tube using synchrotronphotoionization and molecular beam mass spectrometry techniques within a temperature range of 898–1223 K. Therein, the 3C surrogate fuel consists of 66.2% n-dodecane (NC 12 H 26 ), 18.0% 1,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (T135MCH) and 15.8% n-propylbenzene (NPB, A1C 3 H 7 ). The detailed kinetic model including 579 species and 3474 reactions was developed via validating against both measured and literature data with reasonable agreement. MF exhibits no obvious influence on the 3C components pyrolysis . However, 3C mixtures play an important roles in MF decomposition: lower initial temperature and different decomposition pathways. In the meantime, n-propylbenzene (NPB) pyrolysis curve in 3C and 3C+MF significantly transfers to low temperature zone after 1000 K in contrast to pure NPB, while smaller change was found in the decomposition curve of n-dodecane. Compared with 3C pyrolysis, 3C+MF blends have less formation of aromatic species and light hydrocarbons except for vinylacetylene (C 4 H 4 ) and acetylene (C 2 H 2 ). Allyl radical (C 3 H 3 ) has significant roles in benzene ring formation. The combination of allyl radical with propargyl radical producing benzene and H radical (aC 3 H 5 + C 3 H 3 = A1 + 2H) has the highest contribution to the benzene formation in both 3C and 3C+MF. Moreover, most of naphthalene (A2) formation is also related to C 3 H 3 radical via reaction: A1CH 2 + C 3 H 3 = A2 + H, rather than via HACA (hydrogen abstraction carbon addition) reaction. Interaction of fuel blends was mainly presented through the common and important sensitive reactions which are much to do with CH 3 and H radicals. The overview of product distribution was investigated by providing comparisons of carbon conversion rates during the pyrolysis of 3C and 3C+MF. These results will be helpful to better understand the pyrolysis properties of MF/jet fuel surrogate blends and could contribute to developing new generation biofuels for aviation.
研究领域:
燃料化学
·
燃烧动力学
·
生物燃料
·
能源化学
·
反应机理
·
质谱分析
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.4
Hao Sun,Hui Gao,Yanhua Li,Youchang Du,Jiao Wang,Huaizhi Han,Guice Yao,Dongsheng Wen
Fully utilizing the chemical heat sink generated by hydrocarbon fuel cracking is critical for enhancing the endothermic cooling capacity of the fuel. In this study, a catalytic strategy based on oil-dispersible palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) is proposed for the supercritical cracking of RP-3. Pd NPs with an average size of 2.85 nm are synthesized and uniformly dispersed in RP-3, exhibiting long-term stability with a sedimentation rate below 7% after 60 days. To evaluate the catalytic performance and reveal the complex catalytic cracking mechanism of hydrocarbon fuels under supercritical conditions, a combined approach of tubular reactor experiments and reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF MD) simulations is employed. Both experimental and simulation results demonstrate that, compared to thermal cracking, Pd/RP-3 catalytic cracking exhibits significant improvements in conversion, gas yield, olefin selectivity, and heat sink. At 700 °C, 200 ppm Pd NPs increase the heat sink of RP-3 from 2.52 MJ/kg to 2.77 MJ/kg. Kinetic analysis reveals that the enhancement is ascribed to the remarkable catalytic abilities of Pd NPs to reduce the activation energies for RP-3 cracking, C-C and C-H bond cleavage by approximately 66.7%, 80.7%, and 78.7%, respectively. Pd also enhances dehydrogenation reactions, leading to higher yields of hydrogen and olefins, while effectively facilitating benzene rings decomposition within the aromatic components of RP-3. The synthesized oil-dispersible Pd NPs present great potential for enhancing the cooling capacity and the catalytic cracking mechanism proposed here may provide a theoretical foundation for designing efficient future catalysts.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
纳米技术
·
能量转换
·
催化
·
分子动力学模拟
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2017
·
IF 3.091
Guijin He,Xi Wu,Dengfeng Ye,Yongsheng Guo,Shenlin Hu,Yu Li,Wenjun Fang
One of the amidoamine-structured hyperbranched polymers is developed as an efficient macroinitiator to enhance the endothermic capacity of hydrocarbon fuels to meet the stringent cooling requirement of hypersonic aircrafts. Hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) is treated with palmitoyl chloride to modify a lipophilic shell on the hydrophilic core, and the amphiphilic product, palmitoyl-hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (PPAMAM), can be well-dissolved in hydrocarbon fuels. The long alkyl chains in PPAMAM break away from the core at about 200 °C, and the PAMAM core destructs around 400 °C. The high decomposition temperature of the core enables PPAMAM to be performed as a macroinitiator for hydrocarbon fuels. Thermal cracking of methylcyclohexane (MCH) from 600 to 720 °C with the addition of PPAMAM is carried out in an electrically heated tubular reactor under the pressure of 3.5 MPa. Significant improvements of the conversion, gas yield, and heat sink of MCH with PPAMAM are observed. The conversion of MCH is increased from 39.5 to 56.3 wt % at 690 °C, and the corresponding heat sink has been raised from 2.48 to 2.91 MJ/kg. Furthermore, PPAMAM with the optimum molecular weight is employed for the cracking of aviation kerosene. The heat sink is also improved significantly in comparison to that from the thermal cracking of bare kerosene, which confirms the effective application of PPAMAM in endothermic hydrocarbon fuels.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）