Coatings
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 7
·433
·
IF 2.33
Tianshi Feng,Jiankun Qin,Yali Shao,Lili Jia,Qi Li,Yingcheng Hu
Transparent jute fiber (TJF) was prepared from delignified jute fiber (DJF) and was subjected to various surface knitting densities (190 and 340 g/m2) before epoxy resin (ER) impregnation under vacuum. The preparation process and properties of TJF were evaluated. The mechanical properties and surface morphology of the jute fiber samples were also studied. The mechanical properties were compared with transparent coir fiber (TCF) and transparent balsa wood (TBW). Optical properties, such as surface color, optical transmittance, and visual haze, of natural jute fiber (JF) and TJF were measured to better understand the influence of delignification. The experimental results showed transparency of 51% even for dense jute fiber cloth, and the maximum transmittance was as high as 60% with a low surface density. TJF had similar tensile strength as TBW but was higher than TCF, indicating a maximum tensile strength of 43.25 MPa with a surface density of 340 g/m2. These results suggest that TJF has the potential to meet the particular optical and mechanical properties of transparent wood. Transparent jute fiber can replace transparent wood for industrial production because of the simple preparation process and lower price.Keywords:transparent jute fiber;epoxy resin;transmission;tensile strength;chromatic aberration
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Yehong Zhang,Xiangyu Li,Zhidong Pan,Shanjun Ke,Yanmin Wang
This paper was to synthesize praseodymium-doped neodymium molybdate allochroic pigments with different molar ratios of molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr) through solid-state reactions. The pigments synthesized were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DSC), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy , X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and colorimeter. The results show that a pure neodymium molybdate (i.e., Nd 2 MoO 6 ) can be formed after sintering at 1000 °C for 3 h, and praseodymium-doped neodymium molybdate can be synthesized after sintering at 1000 °C for 3 h due to praseodymium ions entering in the lattice of Nd 2 MoO 6 . The crystal structure in the pigment synthesized can transform from cubic to tetragonal depending on the molar ratio of neodymium/molybdenum and sintering procedure. The color properties of pigments were measured in color space CIE L*a*b* under different standard illuminants (i.e., solar-light (D65), incandescent light (A), cool white fluorescent lamp (F2), and three-band fluorescent lamp (F11)). The results show that the colors of the pigments vary under different illuminants. According to the color difference (Δ E ) analysis, neodymium molybdate pigment exhibits a maximum color difference of 10.69, and the maximum color difference of praseodymium-doped neodymium molybdate pigment with doping content of 0.2 increases to 17.63 due to the Pr 3+ ions substitution for Nd 3+ ions in the lattice. In addition, the color difference of the pigments with allochroic effect was discussed based on the colorimetry. The color difference of the pigments is due to a high reflectance region at 540–550 nm and a low reflectance region at 380–500 nm.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Processes
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·1403
·
IF 3.5
Min Luo,Peng Bo,Yang Shao,Zhiming Liu,Diandou Xu,Lingling Ma
Murals are one of the important cultural heritages of mankind. The microbial control of murals is an important subject in mural painting conservation. In recent years, electron beam radiation sterilization has attracted more and more attention in the field of cultural relic protection. Murals are immovable cultural relics, so conventional electron beam irradiation equipment can not be used. However, the development of small mobile electron beam irradiation equipment shows the potential of radiation’s application in the sterilization protection of immovable cultural relics such as murals. A feasibility study of radiation sterilization in mural paintings is needed to investigate the effect of sterilization and the influence of sterilization dose on the stability of mural painting pigments and bonding materials. In this paper, the radiation effects of typical bacteria in tomb murals and mineral pigment powder in ancient Chinese paintings were studied in a laboratory. Firstly,aeromonas hydrophila(Aer.h) andpenicillium flavigenum(PNC) were selected as representative strains to determine the appropriate sterilization dose for murals. Then, the effects of radiation on seven kinds of ancient Chinese mineral pigments and white calcium carbonate in the ground layer were verified. The results are as follows: the radiation dose of 10 kGy can effectively remove the two typical strains. This sterilization dose will cause a color difference in calcium carbonate and lead white, while other color pigments are essentially stable. Based on the color difference and UV-vis intensities of the four white carbonate samples, the color change in two of them increased with increasing the dose up to 30 kGy, after which signs of saturation began to appear. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra showed that the chemical structure of the samples did not change after irradiation. The formation of free radicals in treated samples was confirmed using an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum test. According to all characterization results, the color difference between the four white carbonate samples may be due to the combination of unpaired electrons and defects in the process of electron beam irradiation to form color centers. After forming the color center, the light absorption of the four samples changed. This is a reversible change, but the samples will take a long time to return to their original state. This study focuses on the influence of electron beam radiation on pigment composition, which is a preliminary exploration of whether radiation sterilization can be applied to the protection of ancient Chinese mural paintings, and the experimental results can provide basic data for later application.Keywords:electron beam radiation;mural protection;radiation sterilization;mineral pigment;chromatic aberration
研究领域:
文化遗产保护
·
辐射生物学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Hao Jia,Xiong Jing,Wenhui Su,Huimin Yang,Shaohui Fan,Yutong Sun
Bamboo is a sustainable and environment-friendly polymer. In order to investigate the effect of photoaging on the service-life of bamboo, ultraviolet aging (UV-aging), light-avoidance −90 %RH (AL-90 %RH), light-avoidance (AL) and control were continuously monitored for 26 weeks under four kinds of light conditions. The surface color, micro-morphology and surface interfacial composition of comparing various bamboo samples during storage. The results showed that the total color difference for the cortex (9.758 ± 0.712) and pith (1.325 ± 0.075) under AL conditions were lower than the other three sets of storage conditions, and L* values were reduced by 56.42 % and 53.73 %, respectively. In addition, microflora and grooves were formed on the surface of bamboo stored under AL-90 %RH conditions. Meanwhile, catheters were the main channels for the propagation of mycelium in bamboo. Moreover, the Cox/unox value (an oxygenated to unoxygenated carbon ratio of 0.964) increased sharply under these conditions. UV-aging destroyed the texture and structure of bamboo tissue cells and surfaces, degraded the surface lignin content by 18.89 %, and exposed more observable hemicellulose and cellulose functional groups, thus increasing the carbon binding energy and becoming more difficult to degrade. Finally, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model was used to predict the fading of the surface color and the volatile compounds after aging, and different photoaging color indication systems were established. Exploring the aging mechanism of bamboo during storage is important for promoting the development of bamboo industry and replacing plastic products, and helping in determine the practical applications of the proposed strategies, their economic benefits and limiting of bamboo photodegradation under optimal warehousing conditions. This meet the current requirements of sustainable development by preserving bamboo resources and use instead renewable resources for both environmental and economic benefit.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
环境友好材料
·
可持续发展
·
表面化学
·
生物降解
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 10
·4214
·
IF 4.6
Tianyun Du,Xiaojie Xue,Xiuxun Han
Rare earth silicate phosphors of high quantum efficiency with a stable performance are promising materials in the fields of display and illumination. The grain sizes of products synthesized via the conventional solid-state reaction method are usually too large to satisfy the requirements of color cast and extraction efficiency in high-resolution light-emitting devices (LEDs). We designed a synthetic route and successfully fabricated rare earth silicate NaGd9Si6O26(NGSO) sub-microcrystals with a size ranging from 550 to 1200 nm. The reaction mechanism and optical properties were systematically investigated. The quantum efficiency of Eu3+-activated NGSO sub-microcrystals was about 36.6%. The LED encapsulated with these sub-microcrystals showed lower color deviation and higher lumen efficiency and lumen flux compared to that with NGSO fabricated using the conventional solid state reaction method.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电技术
·
化学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
·
2023
·
IF 3.1
Yumei Chai,Yunfeng Li,Wenwen Wang,Pei Shi,Hongjie Luo,Tao Ma,Xichen Zhao,Biao Zhang,Jianfeng Zhu
Using the Surface waterproofing to solve moisture expansion which leads to the acceleration of surface weathering of sandstone relics is a hot topic. This study focuses on surface coating protection because of the special status of cultural relics. The fluorinated ZnO/SiO 2 nano-coating was applied on the sandstone matrix in this work. The loading of the fluorinated ZnO/SiO 2 in the nano-coating, the penetration depth of the nano-coating in the sandstone matrix, and the waterproofing effect of the sandstone surface were investigated within the limitation of the color difference systematically. The freeze-thaw cycles, light exposure, water absorption, and aging tests were carried out to evaluate the environmental durability of the nano-coating in a simulated humid environment of southwestern of China. All the tests meet the criteria for the heritage protection color difference. When the loading of fluorinated ZnO/SiO 2 nano-coating is 0.4%, the water contact angle (WCA) and oil contact angle (OCA) are significantly improved, which are larger than 160° and 140°, respectively. The WCA and OCA have little changed after freeze-thaw cycle for three weeks, and the WCA only decreases only 7% after 300 h UV aging treatment. This significantly enhanced stability is due to the good penetration depth of the fluorinated ZnO/SiO 2 nano-coating on the sandstone matrix. Moreover, the excellent air permeability is achieved as well to ensure substrate breathing. This work would provide a new idea for the long-term protection of sandstone heritage in practical environment.
研究领域:
文物保护
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
·
2022
·
IF 3.229
Juwen Guo,Encong Shi,Xinxin Mu,Jing Han,Wenxuan Qu,Yan Song,Sang Da,Ozhu Dawa,Feng Gao,Ling Guo,Austin Nevin
This work focuses on the study of the removal of overpaint from the stone carvings of the Potala Palace, Tibet. The removal of historical mortar and overpaint is a significant challenge for the conservation of stone carvings and requires careful optimization. Paints applied in the past were made of a mixture of hydraulic lime, water and milk, and are causing damage to the carvings of the Potala Palace. The protein content of lime-based paint samples collected from the Potala Palace was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To optimize the removal of the overpaint without causing abrasion or other damage to the underlying stone carvings, we prepared a simulated paint with the same protein content. Removal rate and color difference were used to select the best cleaning agent from ionic surfactant, ethanol/aqueous solutions, five proteases and Twin-20 (non-ionic surfactant). With color difference and gloss as evaluation indexes, the influencing factors (temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and enzyme hydrolysis time) were measured. Results suggest that alkaline protease was the most suitable cleaning agent for removing surface paint, and the best working condition is an enzymatic dosage of 1.92 mg/mL under 42 °C, pH of 9.5, with a hydrolysis time of 5.4 min. This method generated the desired color difference of 2.25 and the minimal gloss (0.1 ± 0.1 GU) on the underlying stone, with no significant variation from the predicted value ( P < 0.05). Before and after cleaning, the change in surface roughness was less than 10%. This study provided a feasibility plan for removing the paints from the outer wall of the Potala Palace by using enzymatic hydrolysis.
研究领域:
文化遗产保护
·
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·e0227235
·
IF 2.74
Xindan Liu,Ying Zhang,Menghua Wu,Zhiguo Ma,Hui Cao
Schizonepetae Spica (SS), the dried spike of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq., is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. According to the color of persistent calyx, SS is categorized into two classes: the yellowish-green-type and the brownish-type. Based on the chemometrics analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), a novel model of identifying and evaluating the quality of SS in different colors was constructed for the first time in this work. 20 batches SS samples of different colors were collected and used to extract essential oils. The average essential oils yield of SS in yellowish-green color was significantly higher than that of SS in brownish color from the same origin ( p <0.05). The GC-MS fingerprints of 20 batches SS samples whose correlation coefficients were over 0.964 demonstrated SS samples were consistent to some extent in spite of slightly different chemical indexes. A total of 39 common volatiles compounds were identified. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were developed to distinguish SS samples characterized by different colors. Consistent results were obtained to show that SS samples could be successfully grouped according to their color. Finally, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-benzofuran and pulegone were detected as the key variables for discriminating SS samples of different colors and for quality control. The obtained results proved that SS of good quality were often yellowish-green and those of poor quality were often brownish.
研究领域:
中药学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Buildings
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 3
·72
·
IF 0
Roland Schregle,Marek Krehel,Stephen Wittkopf
The widespread adoption of photovoltaics (PV) in architecture as a source of renewable energy is often limited due to poor visual acceptance. We propose the use of coloured frontglass manufactured by digital ceramic printing to cover the PV cells, thus concealing the latter while admitting sufficient light to produce electricity. The apparent colour of the PV laminate is a combination of the transparent colour on glass and the colour of the PV cells, which is difficult to predict. In this paper we compare 1400 unknown PV laminate colours with 320 known façade colours from the NCS Exterior Set to find potential matches. We use an image-based approach in which photographs are compared computationally by CIE ΔEcolour difference. For a barely discernible ΔE< 3.5, this yielded 20 unique matches between the candidate and target sample sets, increasing to 74 matches for an obvious difference of ΔE≤ 10. A subset of these computed matches was then visually confirmed by untrained volunteer observers, with average deviations of ΔE≈ 5 between computed and visual matches, and a similar tolerance for the visual matches based on standard deviation. We conclude that our image-based computational approach enables a rapid and comprehensive matching of large sets of printed glass colours, which would be impractical with human subjects, yet delivers matches consistent with the latter’s observations.
研究领域:
建筑材料
·
建筑物理
·
可再生能源
·
建筑节能
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Tongxu Gu,Jiajun Zhong,Zhe Wang,Pengli Bai
Upconversion luminescent nanomaterials provide a powerful tool for multiplex nucleic acids detection simultaneously. However, the conventional encoding methods based on emission spectrum or intensity have limitations due to spectral overlap and cross-relaxation quenching among various activators. Herein, we present a facile method for the preparation of high-capacity upconversion luminescent coding nanoparticles by multiple regulating the synthesis kinetics of lanthanide ions doped CaF 2 nanocrystals in mesoporous silica nanotemplets (named C@S). The secondary growth of nanocrystals with different lanthanide ions inside mesopores has a similar performance to that of core/multi-shell-structured upconversion nanoparticles prepared through complicated processes. The textural properties and chemical conformations are maintained after repeated recombination, which is beneficial for reproducible multiplex bioassays. A membrane biosensor is constructed using various probe-modified C@S and a flexible graphene oxide-coated film to detect and identify multiple molecular species in one sample. The colour differences of encoded C@S derived from CIE-L*a*b* colour coordinate system are applied to quantify the divergence of upconversion luminescence for the first time, which allows the upconversion nanoparticles with similar spectra and luminescence colours to be used in the same multiplex detection platform and avoids subjective judgement. This work opens new opportunities for upconversion luminescent materials in the field of automatic high-throughput detection.
研究领域:
生物传感
·
纳米医学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2025
·Vol. 37
·期 10
·2419643
·
IF 26.8
Xiaofei Dong,Feifei Guo,Lijuan Chen,Wenxiang Mu,Lishan Liu,Shanpeng Wang,Xutang Tao,Zeliang Gao
Waveplates are important optical components to control the polarization of light. Currently, they are often fabricated from uniaxial crystals, and there is no report about waveplates based on the biaxial crystals. In this work, a novel biaxial crystal MgTe 2 O 5 with a structure constructed by 0D Te 2 O 5 groups is designed and grown as waveplate materials for the first time. The exciting result is that the birefringence in the (001)-plane is smaller than 0.0028 in the range from 0.4 to 5 µm, which is significantly smaller than that of the current waveplate materials. The polarization modulations of the MgTe 2 O 5 devices working at 532 nm indicate that excellent zero-order half and quarter waveplates have been successfully prepared. In addition, achromatic waveplates used in the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared ranges have also been calculated. The MgTe 2 O 5 crystal not only exhibits a high laser damage threshold of up to 2.7 GW cm −2 but also shows a wide transmission range from 0.37 to 6.3 µm. These results provide an excellent waveplate crystal and explore the applications of biaxial crystals.
研究领域:
光学材料
·
晶体工程
·
光子学
·
偏振光学
·
无机合成
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 8
Changting Yin,Shanjie Han,Xiaoguo Fang,Chunfeng Jin,Baoyu Han,Mengxin Wang
Xiaoqinggan black tea is made by filling black tea into fresh citrus peel with the pulp removed, followed by sunlighting and low-temperature roasting. However, existing studies have not yet systematically analyzed the chemical basis of flavor characteristics and in vitro antioxidant activity of Xiaoqinggan black tea. In this study, a systematically analysis of Xiaoqinggan black tea, including its raw materials (black tea and citrus peel) and constituent parts (tea core and outer peel), were conducted by quantifying the functional components through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and chemometrics, in combination with the electronic tongue and colorimetry assays. Additionally, the in vitro antioxidant activity of Xiaoqinggan black tea and its related samples was also evaluated through five different assays. The multivariate analysis revealed that 30 differential compounds were identified, demonstrating their key role in distinguishing the five sample groups. Notably, three polyphenols (catechin gallate, taxifolin, kaempferol), six amino acids (L-theanine, L-tyrosine, L-valine, L-methionine, L-leucine, l -lysine), and total free amino acids served as the dominant factors in unique flavor of Xiaoqinggan black tea through the correlation analysis of electronic tongue and differential compounds. Chromatic aberration analysis revealed that the tea infusion of Xiaoqinggan black tea was more vividly red and bright, and it exhibited a more intense flavor. The combined analysis of antioxidative activity and functional compounds suggested polyphenols were the main contributors to the high total antioxidant activity of Xiaoqinggan black tea. In conclusion, polyphenols and amino acids constituted the unique flavor and chromatic characteristics of Xiaoqinggan black tea, and provided an important chemical basis for its antioxidant activity. This study provides insights for improving tea processing and product quality, making it relevant to both the tea industry and scientific research.
研究领域:
食品化学
·
分析化学
·
营养学
·
植物科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）