FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Xin Ma,Shimin Wu
Reductions in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations have been observed during frying. However, transformation mechanisms of PAHs remain unclear. We hypothesize that PAHs may be oxidized into oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) and other derivatives during frying. First, the levels of 24 PAHs and 12 OPAHs during frying stinky tofu were evaluated. Among the OPAHs, 9,10-anthraquinone exhibited the greatest increase in frying oil, with an increase rate of 55 %. The transformation of anthracene into 9,10-anthraquinone was further confirmed through stable isotope tracing. Targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry analyses suggested that anthrone, heavy PAHs, and alkyl derivatives were also produced from anthracene. Theoretical calculations revealed that radical addition was kinetically and energetically more favourable than hydrogen abstraction in the initial reaction of anthracene. This study systematically elucidates, for the first time, the transformation mechanisms of anthracene in frying oil, paving the way for reducing health risks associated with PAHs.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
环境化学
·
健康与毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GENE
·
2023
·
IF 3.5
Shaolin Xie,Yongyong Feng,Aiguo Zhou,Zhiyuan Lu,JixingZou
Cytochrome P450 1 (CYP1) is an important enzyme family involved in the metabolism of pollutants, and used as a biomarker to monitor environmental pollution. In this study, a fluorescence-labeled cyp1a zebrafish line, named as KI ( cyp1a +/+ -T2A-mCherry) (KICM), was originally constructed to monitor dioxin-like compounds in the environment. However, the cyp1a gene expression in the KICM line was inhibited by the fluorescence labeling, thus leading to a significantly increased sensitivity of KICM zebrafish line to PAHs. Then, a cyp1a knockout zebrafish line, named KOC, were constructed for comparative analysis with the cyp1a low-expression line. Interestingly, knockout of the cyp1a gene did not increase the sensitivity of zebrafish to PAHs as significantly as the cyp1a low-expression line. So, the expression levels of related genes in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway were analyzed and the results showed that the expression level of cyp1b in KOC group was significantly higher than that of wild type and KICM under the same PAH exposure. This indicated that the effect of losing cyp1a was compensated by inducing expression of cyp1b . In conclusion, two new zebrafish models including cyp1a low-expression line and cyp1a knockout line were constructed in this study, which may provide a convenient model for subsequent studies on the toxicity mechanism of PAHs and the role of cyp1a in detoxification.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
·
分子生物学
·
遗传学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 19
·12733
·
IF 4.614
Yahui Qian,Zhenpeng Xu,Xiuping Hong,Zhonggeng Luo,Xiulong Gao,Cai Tie,Handong Liang
Alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (APAHs) are more toxic and persistent than their parent compounds. Here, the concentrations, composition profiles, and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in 127 topsoil samples from Huaibei coalfield were analyzed. The PAC concentrations in different functional areas were significantly different: mining area > industrial area > residential area > agricultural area. APAHs were the major contributors to PACs, accounting for 71–83% of total PACs. Alkylnaphthalenes and alkylphenanthrenes were the primary APAH components, accounting for 83–87% of APAHs. Principal component analysis showed that petrogenic source, coal and biomass combustion, and vehicle emissions were the primary sources of PACs. By comparing the fingerprint information of soil, coal, and coal gangue, it was hypothesized that the petrogenic source of PAC pollution in typical mining areas and surrounding areas are coal particle scattering and coal gangue weathering. Some coal mining and industrial areas potentially pose risks to children, whereas others do not. There are limited evaluation criteria for alkyl PAHs; hence, the estimated risk is likely lower than the actual risk. In addition to the conventional 16 PAHs, it is critical to consider a broader range of PACs, especially APAHs.Keywords:PACs;APAHs;topsoil;petrogenic source;carcinogenic risk;Huaibei coalfield
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
·
毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Liushan Jiang,Yue Zhang,Shiyu Huang,Jingwen Niu,Huanhuan Liu,Shuai Yuan,Qingxiang Zhou
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and sulfur-containing heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PASHs) are typical organic pollutants that are commonly present in the environment. Due to the continuous accumulation and transfer in the food chain, they will pose a significant threat to human life and health. In the present work, a new method was constructed with a ternary magnetic nanocomposite (Fe 0 @MXene@COF-LZU1) based magnetic solid phase extraction in combination with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) for sensitive determination of them at trace level in Chinese tea samples. The magnetic nanomaterial Fe 0 @MXene@COF-LZU1 was synthesized via reduction and Schiff base reactions. The experimental results demonstrated that Fe 0 @MXene@COF-LZU1 had high adsorption ability and satisfactory chemical stability. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the method possessed good linearity in the concentration ranges of 0.0005 μgL −1 - 50 μg L −1 for dibenzothiophene (DBT), phenanthrene (PHE), fluoranthene (FLT) and pyrene (PYR), and 0.001 μg L −1 - 50 μg L −1 for 4-methyldibenzothiophene (4-MDBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT). The detection limits of this method were in the range of 0.014 ng L −1 -0.83 ng L −1 . The results of real samples demonstrated that the designed magnetic nanocomposite had a promising application prospect for measuring PAHs and PASHs.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2019
·
IF 3.858
Jijie Kong,Fengxi Zhu,Wen Huang,Huan He,Jiapeng Hu,Cheng Sun,Qiming Xian,Shaogui Yang
In this study, three kinds of Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), synthesized by solvothermal, stirring and ball-milling method, were fabricated on the stainless steel wire via sol-gel technique. These fibers were used as solid phase microextraction (SPME) coating materials and applied for analyzing 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 11 nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in environmental water samples by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The optimal pH, ionic strength, extraction time, extraction temperature, desorption temperature and desorption time were 6.0, without salt addition, 45 min, 35 °C, 260 °C and 5 min, respectively. The extraction mechanism of the ZIF-8 fiber might be the hydrophobicity , molecular penetration and π-π stacking interactions. Under the optimized conditions, the as-proposed fiber provides a wide linearity range from 10 to 20,000 ng L −1 and a low detection limit of 0.3–27.0 ng L −1 for PAHs and NPAHs analysis. The single fiber and fiber to fiber relative standard deviations were observed in the range of 3.0%–13.9% and 3.5%–12.3%, respectively. The method shows great potential in environmental analysis field.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Yao Zhang,Chenglei Pei,Jinwen Zhang,Chunlei Cheng,Xiufeng Lian,Mubai Chen,Bo Huang,Zhong Fu,Zhen Zhou,Mei Li
The real-time detection of the mixing states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in ambient particles is of great significance for analyzing the source, aging process, and health effects of PAHs and nitro-PAHs; yet there is still few effective technology to achieve this type of detection. In this study, 11 types of PAH and nitro-PAH standard samples were analyzed using a high performance-single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (HP-SPAMS) in lab studies. The identification principles ‘parent ions’ and ‘mass-to-charge ( m / z ) = 77’ of each compound were obtained in this study. It was found that different laser energies did not affect the identification of the parent ions. The comparative experiments of ambient atmospheric particles, cooking and biomass burning emitted particles with and without the addition of PAHs were conducted and ruled out the interferences from primary and secondary organics on the identification of PAHs. Besides, the reliability of the characteristic ions extraction method was evaluated through the comparative study of similarity algorithm and deep learning algorithm. In addition, the real PAH-containing particles from vehicle exhaust emissions and ambient particles were also analyzed. This study improves the ability of single particle mass spectrometry technology to detect PAHs and nitro-PAHs, and HP-SPAMS was superior to SPAMS for detecting single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs. This study provides support for subsequent ambient observations to identify the characteristic spectrum of single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 7
·1184-1192
·
IF 2.688
Yaqin Gao,Yan Lyu,Xiang Li
The present study was conducted to examine the potential mechanisms responsible for the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated derivatives (o-PAHs) in size fractionated particles and their environmental implications. Size-fractionated atmospheric particles were collected at urban Shanghai, China and analyzed for 5 PAHs and 6 o-PAHs. The concentrations of particle-bound ∑6o-PAHs (sum of 6 o-PAH congeners, 19.1 ± 4.5 ng m−3) were significantly higher than those of ∑5PAHs (sum of 5 PAHs, 9.5 ± 1.9 ng m−3). The size-fractionated distributions of airborne ∑5PAHs and ∑6o-PAHs displayed bimodal peaks at 0.7–1.1 and 9.0–10.0 μm. Emission sources and volatility were important factors influencing the size distribution of particle-bound 5 PAHs and 6 o-PAHs. The dry deposition fluxes of particle-bound 6 o-PAHs estimated from the measured data (3087 ± 467 ng m−2 d−1) were approximately 2 times higher than those of PAHs (1531 ± 344 ng m−2 d−1), with a total deposition flux of 4618 ± 743 ng m−2 d−1. The relative contributions of particles to dry deposition were also size-dependent, e.g., coarse (aerodynamic diameters (Dp) > 2.1 μm) particles dominated the dry deposition fluxes of PAHs and o-PAHs. These results highlight the significance of providing a comprehensive understanding of particle size distribution of PAHs and o-PAHs and their implication for dry deposition in China.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
大气化学
·
污染研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 5.755
Wangjin Yang,Di You,Xiangli Nan,Ning Tang,Tao Du,Chong Han
The effects of aromatic carbonyls (ACs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phenols (PHs) on the photolysis of nitroaromatic compounds (ArNO 2 ) in the solid phase were explored. The reactive nitrogen gas formation by the photolysis process was investigated in a cylindrical reactor coupled to a NO x analyzer. These organics had an enhanced or inhibited influence on the nitrous acid (HONO) and NO formations by the photolysis of 1-nitropyrene (NPy) and 5-nitrosalicylic acid (NSA), depending on the hydrogen abstraction and donation abilities of organics. Based on the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results, methyl-2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB), fluoranthene (FLA) and syringaldehyde (SG) showed a promoted effect on the photodegradation of NPy and NSA, as shown by an increase in the photolysis frequency of ArNO 2 ( J ArNO 2 ) by a factor of 1.19–2.76. Based on experimental results, the HONO source strength by the photolysis of ArNO 2 in organic aerosols was estimated to be lower than 1 ppt h −1 .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
大气化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Science & Technology Letters
·
2021
·
IF 7.653
Wangjin Yang,Di You,Chunhui Li,Chong Han,Ning Tang,He Yang,Xiangxin Xue
Nitrous acid (HONO) significantly contributes to OH radicals in the atmosphere, whereas the HONO sources need to be urgently further explored. The photolysis of solid nitroaromatic compounds (Ar-NO2), including nitrophenols (NPs) and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), was investigated in a cylindrical reactor coupled to a NOx analyzer at the ambient pressure. The formation of HONO and NOx (NOx = NO2 + NO) by the photolysis of five NPs and four NPAHs was quantified. HONO and NO formations from Ar-NO2 were obviously enhanced under irradiation. For NPs, the Ar-NO2 photolysis frequency for HONO (JAr-NO2→HONO) and NO (JAr-NO2→NO) formations varied in the range of (0.34–4.16) × 10–7 and (0.38–3.21) × 10–7 s–1, respectively. For NPAHs, JAr-NO2→HONO and JAr-NO2→NO were measured to be (0.02–2.01) × 10–5 and (0.001–1.59) × 10–4 s–1, respectively. The photolysis of Ar-NO2 in aerosols was estimated to establish a HONO source strength lower than 17 ppt·h–1, suggesting that the photolysis of Ar-NO2 may not well explain daytime HONO source strength in the atmosphere.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
大气化学
·
光化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2023
·Vol. 20
·期 2
·1393
·
IF 4.614
Zihan Li,Mengqi Yang,Xuetong Shen,Hongtao Zhu,Baohui Li
Covalent organic framework (COF)-TpBD was grafted on the arrayed nanopores of stainless steel fiber (SSF) with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane as the cross-linking agent. The prepared SSF bonded with COF-TpBD showed high thermal and chemical stability and excellent repeatability. The prepared SSF bonded with COF-TpBD was also used for the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of seven kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in actual water samples, followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) determination, which exhibited low limits of detection (LODs), good relative standard deviation (RSD) and high recoveries.Keywords:solid-phase microextraction;COF-TpBD;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Cells
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 23
·3856
·
IF 7.666
Bin Liu,Hui Chen
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) belong to the bHLH-PAS (basic Helix–Loop–Helix–Period/ARNT/Single-minded) family of transcription factors, which participate in the sensing and transmitting stimuli of exogenous and endogenous chemical substances, and subsequently activates genes transcription involved in various detoxification and physiological functions. However, they have not been identified inDendroctonus armandi,and their roles in the detoxification metabolism are unclear. In the present study,AhRandARNTofD. armandiwere characterized. Spatiotemporal expression profiling indicated thatDaAhRandDaARNTwere highly expressed in the adult and larval stages ofD. armandiand mainly expressed in the midgut and Malpighian tubules of adults. Additionally, the expression ofDaAhRandDaARNTsignificantly increased after exposure to (−)-?-pinene, (+)-3-carene, and (±)-limonene. SilencingDaAhRandDaARNTincreased the susceptibility ofD. armandito (−)-?-pinene, (+)-3-carene, and (±)-limonene, and the activities of detoxification enzyme were also remarkably reduced. Moreover,DaCYP6DF1andDaGSTs2were significantly down-regulated after injections ofdsAhRanddsARNTin the male and female adults, with the expression ofDaCYP6DF1decreasing by higher than 70%. The present study revealed that the transcription factorsAhRandARNTofD. armandiwere induced by terpenoids and participated in the regulation ofDaCYP6DF1 expression, which was associated withD. armandi’s susceptibility to (−)-?-pinene and (±)-limonene. These results may provide a theoretical basis for the integrated control ofD. armandiand improve our comprehension of insect toxicology.Keywords:Dendroctonus armandi;AhR;ARNT;detoxification metabolism;transcriptional regulation
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Xu Zhao,Fuxin Yang,Zhenghong Li,Houzhang Tan
The emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) poses a significant risk to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the formation characteristics of PAHs during the coal and biomass utilization. The formation of PAHs is primarily attributed to the incomplete combustion of fuels. In this work, the organic components of raw bituminous coal (BC), wheat straw (WS), and corn straw (CS) were analyzed and the formation characteristics of PAHs were explored using a fixed-bed pyrolysis system. The emission characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and PAHs were investigated in a drop-tube furnace. The results indicate that BC contains a higher proportion of aliphatic hydrocarbons, and the oxygen-containing functional groups of WS and CS are more complex. The content of PAHs in the extracts of raw BC, WS, and CS is 24.16 µg/g, 0.39 µg/g, and 0.41 µg/g, respectively. During the pyrolysis, the PAHs formation characteristics of coal are comparable to biomass. The content of PAHs in pyrolysis gas is significantly higher than that in the char. With the increase of temperature, the PAHs content in pyrolysis gas increases and then decreases, reaching a maximum value at 1000℃. At the low temperatures, the primary source of PAHs is the decomposition of the organic component of fuels. At the high temperatures, the rupture of the basic backbone and the condensation polymerization reaction are the important factors influencing PAHs emissions. The maximum PAHs emissions of BC, WS and CS are 4196.94 µg/g, 4426.78 µg/g, and 5479.50 µg/g, respectively. During the combustion, with the increase of oxygen content, the emissions of PM and PAHs gradually decrease. The proportion of low-ring PAHs increases, while the proportion of high-ring PAHs decreases. Furthermore, PM 1-2.5 accounts for 52.34–84.37 % of total PM emissions. PAHs are more easily enriched in these fine particles with the proportion of 53.71–71.09 % of the total PAHs emissions.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
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